Topic: Natural Selection & Evolution
Name
Date______________Period________
Learning Objectives:
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Explain the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium
Describe Evolution and the evidences that support Evolution
Compare Selective Breeding, Artificial Selection and Natural Selection
Explain the concept of “Survival of the Fittest”
Main ideas/Questions
Notes
History of Evolutionary Thought
Hutton’s Theory of Geological Change

________________ ______________, 1795, Scottish geologist
stated changes are due to ___________ continuous processes

Idea known as ______________________
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The contrasting side to Gradualism is _______________ equilibrium.

Punctuated equilibrium is when changes occur at a ___________
rate with periods of little or no change
Charles Darwin
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Joined Crew of HMS Beagle, 1831

He was a _________________________

Avid Collector of _____________ & ____________
EVOLUTION
_______________________ is the slow , gradual change in a population
of organisms over time
Darwin’s Conclusions

Production of more individuals than CANNOT be supported by the
environment leads to _____________________________________
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Only a fraction of offspring survive each generation

_________________ _________________: species who inherit
characteristics most fit for their environment are likely to survive and
produce more offspring than less fit individuals
“Common Descent with Modification”

Darwin proposed that organisms descended from ______________
_________________
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____________________: idea that organisms _____________
____________ __________, diverging from a common ancestor and
creating a _________ _____________
Standards and Benchmarks
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SC.BS.5.1: Explain the theory of evolution and the evidence that supports that theory

SC.BS.5.2: Explain the theory of Natural Selection
NATURAL SELECTION

During the struggle for resources, __________________ survive &
reproduce

Idea that at some of the traits in species, which impact their survival
and fertility, are _______________________
“Survival of the Fittest”
Key Concept
Over time, ________________ ________________results in changes in the
inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species
ability to survive & reproduce in it’s environment.
Evolution “Descent with Modification”

Takes place over ___________ _____________of time

________________ _______________ can be observed as changes in
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– Body Structures
– Ecological Niches (predator or prey)
– Habitats
Species today look __________________ from their ancestors

Each living species has
– _________________ from other species
– With ________________
– Over Time
 Implies
– ________ living organisms are ________________
– Single tree of life with similarity of: body structures, embryo
development, DNA & RNA sequences
 Common Descent
– All species, living & extinct, were derived from
_____________ _______________
Divergent vs. Convergent Evolution
 _________________________ Evolution: when a species evolves
overtime into two different species
 _________________________ Evolution: when unrelated organisms
evolve similarities overtime when adapting to their environment
THEORY OF EVOLUTION TODAY “Supporting Evidence”
Evolutionary Time Scales
 _______________________: Long time scale events that create and
destroy species.
 _______________________: Short time scale events (generationto-generation) that change the genotypes and phenotypes of
populations
Standards and Benchmarks

SC.BS.5.1: Explain the theory of evolution and the evidence that supports that theory

SC.BS.5.2: Explain the theory of Natural Selection
EVIDENCE #1: Similarities in Homologous Structures
 Scientists noticed animals with backbones (vertebrates) had similar
bone structure


Homologous Structures (BONES in the FORELIMBS) similar structure
different function
______________________ _____________________ : similar
function different structure

Vestigial structures: structures that have diminished due to no or lack
Analogous Structures
of use overtime
EVIDENCE #2: Similarities Early Development
 Embryonic structures of different species show significant similarities

___________________ – early stages of vertebrate development
EVIDENCE #3: Similarities in DNA, RNA & Amino Acid sequences
 __________________ DNA sequences would suggest evolution of a
__________________ ________________ into new species
Embryonic Development

Species with ___________ DNA ___________________
______________ in relation
Standards and Benchmarks

SC.BS.5.1: Explain the theory of evolution and the evidence that supports that theory

SC.BS.5.2: Explain the theory of Natural Selection
Directions: From your notes write a summary (attach a folder paper)
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learning by
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identifying all main
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reflect some main
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learning by effective
identifying some
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written in logical and
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topic, essential
question) are clearly
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format for questions
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Summary
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Total points received
Standards and Benchmarks
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SC.BS.5.1: Explain the theory of evolution and the evidence that supports that theory
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SC.BS.5.2: Explain the theory of Natural Selection
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