
The benzene, c10-13 alkyl derivatives wastewater release map can be built as a
release of 108040 kg/y (or 296 kg/d using the same units) that can be considered
as wide-dispersive and thus correlated to population density. The population
density pattern is then used to map the expected emissions.

The benzene wastewater release map consists of a local release
assigned to random selected EPER "basic organic chemicals" sites,
regional release of 2585000 kg/y (or 7082 kg/d) assigned to
representing traffic density. The urban areas pattern then controls
distribution.

The styrene wastewater release map consists of a local release of 839 kg/d
assigned to randomly selected EPER "basic organic chemicals" sites, added with a
regional release of 252000 kg/y (or 690 kg/d) considered wide-dispersive. The
latter can be considered as the sum of uses in household, together with uses in
industries downstream of the main production. For the sake of simplicity and in
the lack of information, we assume that 50% of the 690 kg/d, i.e. 345 kg/d, are
from household, and as many from industrial dispersive uses. The expected
emissions derive then from the overlaying of the population density pattern and
the industrial areas pattern.

The formaldehyde wastewater release map consists of a local release of 2500 kg/d
assigned to randomly selected EPER "basic organic chemicals" sites and a
regional release of 284022 kg/y (or 778 kg/d) that can be considered as widedispersive and thus correlated to population density. The population density
pattern is then used to map the expected emissions.
of 903 kg/d
added with a
urban areas
the emission
Formaldehyde, Styrene and benzene emissions are complemented by point emissions.
The latter are totals (kg/day) reported from RARs and are assigned to the same proportion
to the emission points selected from EPER “Basic Organic Chemicals” industrial sites.
The map algebraic expressions to obtain emission estimates are, in ArcGIS 9.x Spatial
Analyst © syntax:
Benzene:
7082 * [emissions from urban areas] + Con ( IsNull ([benz_pt]), 0 , 903 * ([benz_pt]
* 0 + 1) / 52 )
Styrene:
690
* [emissions equally distributed from household and industry] + Con ( IsNull
([styr_pt]), 0 , 839 * ([styr_pt] * 0 + 1) / 35 )
Formaldehyde:
778
* [emissions from household use] + Con ( IsNull ([formal_pt]), 0 , 2500 *
([formal_pt] * 0 + 1) / 38 )
C10-13 benzene alkyl derivatives:
296
* [emissions from household use]
Where:
[emissions from household use] is the map of population density, divided by the sum of
pixel values over Europe
[emissions equally distributed from household and industry] is the average of the map of
industrial land cover and population density, each divided by the sum of pixel values
over Europe
[emissions from urban areas] is the map of urban land cover, divided by the sum of pixel
values over Europe
Maps of urban and industrial land cover are obtained from the Corine Land Cover Map
2000 with pixel of 100 m, by aggregating over a pixel of 1000 m.
The following represent maps of the emission points of formaldehyde, benzene and
styrene, rasterized to 1 km pixel, respectively. They correspond to 38, 52, and 35 points
respectively.
[formal_pt]
[benz_pt]
[styr_pt]
You can download emission maps of the above chemicals to wastewater:
Benzene
Benzene C1013 der
Styrene
Formaldehyde