EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
OF THE
M U LT I L AT E R A L F U N D F O R T H E
I M P L E M E N T AT I O N O F T H E M O N T R E A L
PROTOCOL
64TH
MEETING
HCFC PHASE OUT MANAGEMENT
PLAN FOR ANNEX C GROUP I
S U B S TA N C E S F O R
JAMAICA
P R E PAR E D B Y
N AT I O N AL E NVI R O M E N T A ND P L A NN I NG A G EN C Y
I N C O OP ER ATI O N WI T H T HE
T H E UN I TE D NAT I ON S D E V ELO P M E N T P R OGR AM M E
MARCH 2011
AS PER APPROVED IN THE 64TH EXCOM, JULY 2011
1
PROJECT COVER SHEET
COUNTRY NAME
Jamaica
LEAD IMPLEMENTING AGENCY
UNDP
CO-OPERATING IMPLEMENTING AGENCY
UNEP
SUBMISSION OF COMPLETE DOCUMENTATION
Document
Yes/No
Letter of transmittal
Yes
HPMP
Yes
Draft agreement
Yes
MYA tables (on-line)
No
Technical review (where applicable)
NA
Executive summary
Yes
Comments
DATES OF RATIFICATION OF AMENDMENTS TO THE PROTOCOL
Copenhagen
6th November 1997
Beijing
24th September 2003
Comments:
HCFC REGULATIONS IN PLACE
Regulation
Yes/No Comments
HCFC regulation
No
HCFC licensing system
No
HCFC quota system
No
Ministerial Orders under the trade Act to be prepared
Process started to prepare Ministerial Orders regarding the licensing
systems
Process started to prepare Ministerial Orders regarding Quota system
SUBMISSION OF ODS DATA REPORTS
Report
Yes/No Year reported data
Country programme
Yes
2009
Article 7 data
Yes
2009
Comments
Calculated HCFC baseline (ODP tonnes)
16.3
Starting point for aggregate reductions in HCFC consumption (ODP tonnes)
16.3
Explain any data discrepancies:
2
HPMP DOCUMENT
Servicing only
Manufacturing only
Freeze and 10%
x
Servicing and manufacturing
Freeze, 10% and 35%
Main components included
x
Yes/No
Overarching strategy
Yes
Strategy and action plan for stage I
yes
Co-financing included
No
Impact on the environment
Yes
Implementation work programme and timeframe included
Yes
Implementation modalities (project monitoring unit)
Yes
FUNDING
Funding consistent with guidelines (servicing sector, cut-off date, second stage,
Yes
HCFC-141b imported in polyols, cost effectiveness, technology upgrade, foreign
ownership, export to non-Article 5 countries)
Funding of last tranche requested at the last year of implementation:
Yes
Priority given to manufacturing over servicing sector (if applicable)
Yes
Justification for not addressing first HCFC-141b (if applicable)
No
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
INTRODUCTION
Background information
ODS policy/legislative/regulatory and institutional framework
Stakeholders
ODS Phase out programme
2.0 HCFC CONSUMPTION
2.1 Methodology
2.2 HCFC Consumption Data
2.3 Sectoral Distribution of HCFC Consumption
2,4 Sectoral consumption
3.0. PHASE OUT STRATEGY
3.1 Overarching Phase out Strategy
3.1.1
Technology Support to the Service Industry:
3.1.2
Manufacturing Conversion:
3.1.3
Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework:
3.1.4
Retrofit Programme:
3.1.5
Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting:
3.2 First Stage Implementation Programme
3.2.1
Foams manufacturing
3.2.2
HCFC Refrigeration Servicing Sector
3.2.3
Policy Legal and Institutional Framework
5
10
10
10
12
13
17
17
18
24
26
27
27
29
30
30
30
31
32
32
32
40
4.0
PROJECT COORDINATION AND MANAGEMENT
43
5.0
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
44
6.0
BUDGET AND CASH FLOW
45
ANNEX DRAFT AGREEMENT
47
4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Jamaica completely phased out the consumption of Annex A CFCs in 2006 and has commenced
the process of phasing out consumption of Annex C Group 1 HCFCs through the preparation of
this Phase out Management Plan (HPMP) for this class of controlled substances.
Legal Framework
Jamaica has ratified the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, and all its amendments. Under
the CFC phase out, the country established a licensing system to control trade in those substances
and related technologies. The key provisions of that licensing regime, which will be extended to
cover HCFCs as well, are:
a) The Trade (Prohibition of Importation) (Equipment Containing Chlorofluorocarbons)
Order, 1998 [Prohibition Order] bans with effect from March 1, 1998 the importation of
equipment and appliances which use or contain CFCs;
b) Effective July, 1, 1999, the Government of Jamaica implemented the Trade (Restriction
on Importation) (CFCs) Order, under the Trade Act. This legislation provides a
schedule for phasing out importation of CFCs through the administration of quotas for
importers. By virtue of the Restriction Order, CFCs may only be imported under
permit issued by the Ministry of Health/Pharmaceutical and Regulatory Affairs
Division
c) The labelling requirements set out in Part III of the Jamaican Standard Specification
Part 29, under which proper labelling of products and equipment containing or
manufactured using ODS is required.
HCFC Supply:
Data on HCFC consumption reported to the Ozone Secretariat is presented in the Table A below.
Table A: HCFC Consumption Data
HCFC 22
Consumption
ODP tonnes
Metric Tonnes
HCFC 141b
Consumption
ODP tonnes
Metric Tonnes
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
6.6 11.3
6.3
5.4
5.6
0.0
0.7
1.4
6.9
14.5
10.9
120.0
205 114.5
98.2 101.8
0.0
12.7
25.5 125.4 263.6 197.6
2000 2001 2002
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
3.74
34.0
5
3.52
32.0
On the other hand, the survey uncovered the following consumption (imports):
Table B - Quantity and type of HCFCs imported from 2007 to 2010
Quantity imported (kg)
Refrigerants
HCFC-22
2007
2008
2009
2010
229,581
183,529
205,976
197,592
15,779
2,720
3,944
8,908
12,635
6,809
9,694
11,064
0
136
82
272
HCFC- 141b
257,995
27,000
193,194
30,000
272,710
34,000
197,590
33,000
TOTAL (Servicing + manufacturing)
284,995
223,194
306,710
229,760
16.63
13.69
18.42
14.40
493,584
374,471
426,940
424,704
HCFC-409A
HCFC-408A
HCFC-406A
Total (Servicing)
Total (ODP Tonnes)
Total (t CO2-eq)
Source: Importers
All consumption except HCFC 141b, is in the refrigeration and air conditioning service sector.
The consumption in 2007 is out of sync with the subsequent years because there were
considerable investments in the country in preparation for the hosting of Cricket Works Cup in
that year. Considering the data between 2008 and 2010 inclusive, we see an increase in
consumption of about 11% between 2008 and 2010. However, it was decided to use an annual
consumption growth of 6% to determine future demand.
The 2009 consumption data submitted to the Secretariat and the 2010 consumption data obtained
from the survey were used to determine the baseline consumption as well as to extrapolate
demand up to 2020. In doing this analysis, only consumption in the servicing sector was
subjected to annual escalation because it is proposed later in this HPMP to convert the foams
manufacturing enterprise, thereby removing its consumption permanently. The baseline
consumption of HCFC 141b was then added to the refrigeration baseline to provide an accurate
starting point for determining future consumption reductions.
This analysis revealed the
following:
Table C: Starting Point for Reduction in Aggregate Consumption (baseline)
Consumption 2009
Consumption 2010
Starting Point for Aggregate Consumption
Reductions to meet 2020 Protocol reduction target (35%)
To be achieved through the following Foams
reductions by 2020
Refrigeration
Metric tonnes
306.71
229.76
268.24
114.82
33.00
81.82
ODP tonnes
18.20
14.40
16.30
8.10
3.63
4.50
6
Following the conversion of the Foams manufacturing enterprise, Jamaica will need to eliminate
a further 40.02 Mt of HCFCs in the servicing sector to meet its 2015 compliance target.
Whereas these are the targets against which Jamaica’s compliance would be assessed, the
country nevertheless proposes to pursue a more aggressive phase out schedule, as presented in
Section 2.2.2 and in Table 10 below. Under this scenario the country will apply the reduction
targets set out in Decision XIX/6 to the servicing sector with the view to accelerate its phase out
of Annex C Group 1 HCFCs,. This approach will enable the country to eliminate 114.82 Mt
(8.10 ODP t) of HCFCs from its refrigeration servicing and PU manufacturing sectors.
Overarching strategy:
The government of Jamaica has decided to follow a staged approach to meeting its HCFC phase
out obligations. In this first implementation stage, Jamaica will pursue its HCFC phase out
commitments in line with Decision XIX/6 up to 2020, at which time it will reassess its readiness
to accelerate the phase out based on the successes of this stage as well as on the state of the
technology options which may become available by that time. The overall strategy is based on
four key interventions, viz:

Technology Support to the Service Industry: This will include capacity development
in good refrigeration practices, recovery and reuse of refrigerants and retrofitting systems
with an emphasis on converting to natural refrigerants. The support will also include the
provision of multi refrigerant recovery machines and hydrocarbon service kits to assist
with the transition to zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) and low climate impact
solutions.

Conversion of the HCFC 141b based Foam manufacturing Enterprise to an ozone
friendly alternative: This project is being developed and will be submitted for approval
following the acceptance of this HPMP.

Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework: Guided by the successes of the CFC
phase out, the lessons learned will be used to develop the policy, legal and institutional
support frameworks to support the phase out of HCFCs.; and

Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting: The complexity of this HPMP will require
careful monitoring of project execution, assessment of results achieved against targets
and reporting on achievements, all of which this component will be designed to achieve.
7
First Stage Implementation:
The following represents the overall phase out strategy, with the first two columns representing
the first stage interventions activities:
Table D: Implementation Plan:
Interventions
Time line
Up to Up to Up to
2020
2025 2030
Technical support to the service industry
Training in good service practices, including recovery and reuse of refrigerants
Training in natural refrigerant technology
Training in Retrofitting of HCFC based equipment
General equipment retrofits
Specific Equipment Retrofits
Provision of recovery equipment, recovery cylinders and service tools for natural
refrigerants.
Foams sector
Conversion of HCFC based Foams production
Policy, Legal and Institutional
Expansion of current licensing system to include HCFCs
Establish standards for the transportation, handling and storage of refrigerants
Prohibition of imports of HCFC based equipment, whether or not pre-charged
Establish controls over exports of refrigerants and related equipment
Training of enforcement personnel
Introduction of market based incentives/disincentives
Procedures to monitor servicing of Jamaican flagged vessels
Prohibition of imports of HCFC 141b for the Foams sector
Retrofit Programme
Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting
Continuous monitoring, evaluation and reporting on project execution
Impact:
During the first stage of implementation the following targets will be pursued:
a) Train the Trainers workshop in Good Practices, Recovery and Recycling of HCFCs and
Retrofitting HCFC-based appliances to Ozone and climate friendly alternatives;
b) Subsequent training of 500 technicians in Good Servicing practices;
c) Training of 400 technicians in Recovery and Reuse of refrigerants;
8
d) Provision of 50 Recovery machines and related spares, consumables and recovery
cylinders, capable of recovering multiple refrigerants, including HCFCs to trained
technicians;
e) Training of 200 technicians in retrofitting HCFC based equipment to environmentally
friendly alternatives
f) Provision of about 100 sets of Hydrocarbon Service kits to trained technicians;
g) Finalization and implementation of a licensing regime to monitor and control trade in
HCFCs and related equipment;
h) Training of about 400 Customs and other enforcement personnel in enforcement of the
licensing regime;
i) Provision of refrigerant identifiers to the Customs department to facilitate detection of
illegal trade; and
j) Monitoring and Evaluation, and periodic reporting on progress with project
implementation.
The interventions above will assist Jamaica to meet its first stage implementation goals of
freezing consumption at the baseline of 16.3 ODP t by 2013, reducing consumption by 10% by
2015 and by 35% by 2020.
In so doing, the aggregate impact will be the elimination of 114.82 Mt of potential demand, with
an aggregate climate benefit of 373,343 t CO2-eq by that year.
The budget and cash flow is presented in Table E below:
Table E: Budget and Cash Flow.
Year
Tranche
Funding
2011
1st
237,450
2012
0
2013
2nd
100,000
2014
0
2015
0
2016
3rd
183,000
2017
0
2018
0
2019
0
2020
4th
58,000
9
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background information
Jamaica is an island state located in the Caribbean Sea south of Cuba. It has a land area of
10,991 km2, and a population of 2,847,232 (July 2010 estimate). In 2008, 53% of the population
lived in urban centres and this increases by an estimated 0.9% annually. The GDP (2009
estimate) was US$12.06 billion. The country consumed 6.345 billion kWh of electricity in 2007
and an estimated 92% of all homes are connected to the electricity grid.
1.2
ODS policy/legislative/regulatory and institutional framework
1.2.1 Status of ratification of amendments to the Montreal
Jamaica Acceded to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, and its London Amendment on
31st March 1993.
The country subsequently acceded to the Copenhagen Amendment on
th
November 6 , 1997, and the Montreal and Beijing Amendments on September 24th, 2003.
Jamaica is classified as an Article 5 country under the Protocol.
1.2.2 ODS legislation/regulations
A comprehensive licensing system to monitor and control trade on Ozone Depleting Substances
(ODSs) was a central piece of Jamaica’s success in the early phase out of Annex A CFCs, a
milestone reached in 2006. Elements of the licensing system were introduced into law as early
as 1998, following approval of Jamaica’s Country Programme in 1996. The following are the
Ministerial Orders under the Trade Act that comprise the legal framework to control the
consumption of CFCs in Jamaica:
1. The
Trade
(Prohibition
of
Importation)
(Equipment
Containing
Chlorofluorocarbons) Order, 1998 [Prohibition Order] bans with effect from
March 1, 1998 the importation of equipment and appliances which use or contain
CFCs. It also prohibits the importation of certain aerosols, foams, solvents and
fire-fighting equipment. A one-year grace period was allowed for the importation
of CFC-based mobile-air conditioning (MAC) systems, so that the ban on MAC
imports actually came into effect on March 1, 1999.
2. Trade (Restriction on Importation) (CFCs) Order, 1999, to comply with its
Montreal Protocol obligations to freeze and subsequently phase out the
importation of CFCs. This legislation provides a schedule for phasing out
importation of CFCs through the administration of quotas for importers covering
10
the period July 1999 to December 2005. By virtue of the Restriction Order, CFCs
could only be imported under a permit issued by the Ministry of
Health/Pharmaceutical and Regulatory Affairs Division. Import permits are based
on the country’s baseline consumption and the CFC consumption quotas allowed
under the Protocol’s phase out schedule.
Based on these annual national consumption (or import) limits, thirteen operators identified by
the National Environment and Planning Agency (NEPA) were allowed to import CFCs in limited
amounts each year until December 2005. Each was given a percentage of the national quota
which is set by reference to past patterns of CFC consumption and evidence of future needs. A
percentage of the national consumption limit is set aside for emergency purposes only and may
only be used with the permission of the Minister after consultation with the NEPA.
3. The Trade (Prohibition of Importation) (Halon) Order, 2002 banned the
importation of virgin Halons effective July 2002. It supported the Halon Bank
Management Plan for the Caribbean Region.
Taken together, these legislative provisions brought into being a licensing system to control
imports of CFCs, the key elements of which are:
i. An annual national consumption limit ;
ii. Thirteen operators identified by NEPA allowed to import CFCs in limited amounts each
year based on a national quota system;
iii. Every importer named in the Ministerial Order was required to obtain an import permit
issued by the Ministry of Health /Pharmaceutical and Regulatory Affairs Division
iv. With regard to pesticides, namely methyl bromide, an ozone depleting substance, a
license from the Pesticides Control Authority (PCA) is required. All pesticides are
regulated by the PCA.
1.2.3 Other regulatory measures pertaining to ODS
Other notable measures pertaining to the regulation of ODS and ODS-based products include:
a) The labelling requirements set out in Part III of the Jamaican Standard Specification Part
29, under which proper labelling of products and equipment containing or manufactured
using ODS is required.
b) Under the Customs Act, 1941 equipment with CFCs is detained as importation of these is
banned. The importer must have the equipment retrofitted on location to use an ozone
11
friendly refrigerant before it is released. A retrofit label indicating the refrigerant should
also be placed on the equipment.
c) At the time, the Ministry of Industry, Investment and Commerce had revised its motor
vehicle import policy effective April 14, 1998 to allow only cars manufactured in 1994 or
later to be imported into the country. The change in policy has a favourable impact on
CFC phase-out since industrialized nations ceased producing CFC based MACs in 1994.
The latest import policy which came into effect July 1, 2004 allows importers to import
and license for the first time, vehicles up to three (3) years for cars and four (4) years for
light commercial vehicles at the time of importation.
1.3
Stakeholders:
The overall responsibility for the implementation of the Montreal Protocol lies with the National
Ozone Unit located within the National Environment and Planning Agency. However, given the
complex and diverse nature of the ODS phase out programme, the support of a number of
agencies and groups were required to ensure the success of the CFC phase out programmes.
These included:
a) The Office of the Prime Minister/Environmental Management Division: - The Focal
Point for the Montreal Protocol is within this Division
b) The Customs Department:- responsible for the enforcement of import restrictions and
prohibitions under Ministerial Orders:
c) The Statistical Institute of Jamaica:- provides import data to assist with data reporting;
d) Trade Board:- issues licenses to importers for the importation of motor vehicles;
e) Ministry of Health:- responsible for issuing import permits for the importation of ODSs
based on quotas established annually by the NOU;
f) Office of the Attorney General:- provided support for the drafting of Ministerial Orders
to support ODS phase out;
g) The Bureau of Standards Jamaica:- responsible for developing and enforcing labelling
standards for refrigerants and ODS based equipment offered for sale;
h) Jamaica Air-conditioning Refrigeration and Ventilation Association (JARVA):- supports
the execution of programmes and projects aimed at improving servicing practices in the
industry. JARVA also assists with the training of technicians.
i) Refrigerant Importers:- provided support by adhering to the requirements of the quota
system;
j) Equipment Importers:- support the phase out effort through the introduction of ozone
friendly technologies
k) Training Institutions:- provided relevant training in refrigeration and air-conditioning
technologies.
12
This group of stakeholders served the CFC phase out programme well and their support for the
phase out of HCFCs will be sought.
1.4
ODS phase-out programme
The Jamaica Country Programme (CP) for the phasing-out of ozone depleting substances was
approved at the twentieth meeting of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund (MLF) in
October 1996 and implementation began in February 1997. The CP provided data on
consumption and usage of ODSs and identified actions that must be undertaken by the
Government and private industry to achieve the phase-out of these substances within the timeframes established under the Protocol. The CP included support for the establishment of a
National Ozone Unit (NOU), public education and awareness initiatives and support to execute
projects approved under the Refrigerant Management Plan (RMP) and Terminal Phase out
Management Plan (TPMP).
Between 1995 and 2001, and with the assistance of the Multilateral Fund (MLF), Jamaica
implemented a number of projects to reduce its consumption of CFCs in the refrigeration and airconditioning (R&AC) servicing sector, the main sector where ODS were consumed in the
country. The projects were incorporated into Jamaica’s RMP and TPMP, which were the
country’s strategy for achieving CFC phase-out in the R&AC servicing sector. The RMP was
approved by the Executive Committee of the MLF in March 1999 as a bilateral cooperation
project financed through Canada’s contribution to the Fund and implemented with the assistance
of UNEP-DTIE. The TPMP was approved at the 37th meeting of the Executive Committee in
July 2002. All of the activities identified in the Plans are completed and project completion
reports submitted to the MLF Secretariat.
The key elements of the RMP and the results achieved are:
a) National Programme for the Recovery and Recycling of Refrigerants.
This project was implemented between November 1995 and May 1997 by UNDP. The goal was
to establish a national programme for the recovery and recycling (R&R) of refrigerants from
stationary installations. Seventy recovery machines and associated equipment were provided to
technicians performing repairs, maintenance and installation of R&AC systems and three oneday seminars were held to teach technicians R&R practices. A total of 70 technicians from 41
firms that service refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment attended the seminars. In
addition, two recycling facilities for recycling CFC-12 recovered from stationary sources were
established, one in Kingston, the other in Ocho Rios. Each centre also conducted a half-day
seminar on R&R practices. The use of the two recycling centres is non-existent due to several
reasons, including the distance between R&AC installations to the centres and the lack of storage
cylinders.
13
b) MAC R&R Demonstration Project
This project, implemented by the US EPA between November 1997 and June 1999 proved
significantly more successful than the R&R project for stationary installations, partly due to the
fact that recovery machines for MAC systems also have the capacity to recycle on-site. The
project included the provision of 20 MAC R&R machines to servicing shops and the training of
over 40 technicians. The majority of licensed MAC servicing shops were covered in the project,
but it is estimated that there could be an additional 15-20 shops/technicians, most performing
service on a free-lance basis, which could benefit from the provision of additional training and
equipment.
c)
Training of Technicians in Good Practices in Refrigeration
Implemented by Canada and UNEP, the training programme for technicians in Good Practices in
Refrigeration started in June 1999 with the training of 25 local technicians during Phase I of the
project (Train-the-Trainers). Subsequently, an additional 126 technicians were trained during the
second Phase (Train-the-Technicians) through the implementation of eight 3-day workshops.
The graduates of the training were provided with certification by the National Training Agency’s
Vocational Training Development Institute (HEART Trust/NTA VTDI).
d) Training of Custom Officers
This project, implemented by Canada with the assistance of UNEP achieved through two phases,
the training of 127 custom officers in the monitoring and control of imports of CFCs and related
technologies. In addition, following Phase II of the project, the NOU visited various custom
ports across the island and identified 75 untrained custom officers who subsequently received
training in the Montreal Protocol licensing system through the Customs Department’s in-house
training programme.
The Terminal Phase out Management Plan (TPMP), which built on the successes of the RMP
was approved by the Executive Committee at its 37th meeting in July 2002, with Canada and
UNDP as the Implementing Agencies. The TPMP included a suite of projects to help Jamaica
achieve its goal to completely phase out the use of Annex A CFCs by 2006. The main activities
under the TPMP, and the results achieved are presented in Table 1 below:
14
Table 1: Key Activities and Results of the TPMP
Sub-Projects
Key Activities
Training
of Training of 150 technicians in
Technicians,
Good Good Practices, R&R and
Practices
and Retrofitting
Recovery
& Certification of technicians
Recycling
Publication of a Code of Good
Practice
Provision of R&R Equipment and
training for the MAC sector
Promoting Good Practices and
R&R through public education
and awareness
Retrofit/Replacement Incentive grants to end users to
Incentive programme retrofit or replace CFC based
for End Users
medium or large installations
Technical workshops for endusers to provide information and
technical
support,
including
technological
options
and
implications.
Results
156 technicians trained between
March and October 2003
153 newly certified technicians
Code developed and revised – 2000
copies printed and being distributed
6 Mac R&R and 36 portable
recovery machines, 80 recovery
pumps,
1
MAC
evacuation
machine, 60 retrofit kits, 24
recovery
cylinders
and
2
Refrigeration servicing kits were
acquired and distributed in 2003
Six promotional workshops held,
brochures
produced,
surveys
conducted
22 Entities received incentive
grants to retrofit CFCs based
equipment to HFCs
9 technical workshops held with
prospective applicants for incentive
awards. Persons made aware of
requirements for receiving award
including completing required
forms
In addition to the above, funds saved from some project activities were used to train an
additional 90 Customs Officers and to conduct a course in Retrofitting using hydrocarbons with
the approval of the MLF. Permission was also received from the Executive Committee to
purchase a Halon recovery pump to promote recovery of this ODS.
1.4.1: Enterprises converted to alternate technology:
Under the Country Programme, the use of CFC 11 in the manufacture of Extruded Polystyrene
Foam at West Indies Synthetics was eliminated in 1997 under a project implemented by UNDP.
Under this project the company was retrofitted to use hydrocarbon (butane) in its manufacturing
15
operations and in the process, eliminated 82 ODP tonnes of CFC 11. Neither the RMP nor the
TPMP included the conversion manufacturing enterprises to HCFC technology.
1.4.2:
Refrigeration Servicing Sector
The Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Servicing sector comprises of approximately 1,200
technicians, about half of whom are employed in the formal sector, which comprises of 41
service agencies and smaller workshops as well as a number of large installations with their own
in-house service and maintenance departments. The remainder of the technicians operate in the
informal sector. An estimated 58% of all technicians have received formal training in
refrigeration and air-conditioning at various levels, from University to craft level programmes.
The others learned the trade through apprenticeship schemes and employment attachments to
larger service operations. Under the RMP and TPMP a total of 263 technicians were exposed to
various training modules designed to upgrade their skills in various aspects of the servicing of
equipment. All were exposed to training in Good Refrigeration Practices. In addition, 112
technicians were trained in retrofitting CFC based equipment and 129 were trained in recovery
and recycling of refrigerants. The technicians trained in retrofitting using HC technology are
actively promoting the transition to natural refrigerants and have reported that they have already
retrofitted in excess of 4000 domestic appliances and small air conditioning systems to HC12A
refrigerant. Table 2 below shows the estimated number of each type of equipment serviced in
2009.
Table 2: Equipment Serviced in 2009
Equipment
Number Serviced per Year
Refrigerant Used
MACs
75,000
R134A
Domestic Appliances
33,470
R134A
Wall mounted AC
63,563
R22
Split AC
237,067
R22
Chillers
1,200
Commercial Units
600
R134A
R22
Industrial Units
1,800
R404A, R22, R717
Refrigerated Trucks
1,984
R404, R134A
Refrigerated Containers
1,200
R404A, R410A
Walk in Freezers
750
R408A, R404A, R502
Walk in Coolers/ Chillers
750
R22
Ice Makers
200
R404
Bottle Coolers
1,030
R134A
Display Cabinets
2,530
R134A
Ships and Boats
153
R134A
Aircrafts
10
R22
16
As can be seen, the servicing of HCFC based small appliances is by far the area of greatest
activity. It is also instructive to note that there are a large number of refrigerants on the market
and in use in Jamaica.
In addition, technicians and service agencies with recovery equipment are actively involved in
the recovery and reuse of refrigerants. Table 3 below shows the amount of refrigerants
recovered in 2009 using equipment provided through the CFC phase out programmess:
Table 3: Refrigerants Recovered in 2009
Refrigerants
Amount (kg)
HCFC22
3,835
HFC134A
CFC12
11,948
68.2
It is interesting to note the small amount of CFC 12 which was recovered, pointing to the
presence in the market of a residual demand for this refrigerant. Technicians reported that in
cases where it is not possible to recover an adequate amount of CFC 12 to undertake a service,
the equipment is retrofitted.
17
2.
HCFC CONSUMPTION
2.1
Methodology and validation
Preparation of this HPMP is a data intensive undertaking. To this end a National Consultant was
hired to conduct surveys of key industry stakeholders and report on a range of issues including
HCFC imports and consumption by refrigerant type and sector, refrigerant importers and costs,
growth rates, characteristics of the service industry, manufacturing enterprises and the quantity
of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment imported annually
The instruments used in the survey were prepared by UNDP and edited locally to capture the
relevant data as it relates to Jamaica and the various sectors in which the HCFCs are used. The
survey was conducted by the lead consultant and two teams of four and two persons respectively,
covered the entire island and lasted six months. The survey methodology included face to face
interviews, telephone interviews and the respondents completing and returning the
questionnaires.
Different means were used to identify the individuals and companies to be interviewed. These
included the Business and Residential Telephone Directory, Ministry of Health Database,
Terminal Phase-out Management Plan (TPMP) records, the list of technicians trained under the
RMP and TPMP and recommendations from key industry players, including the Jamaica Air
conditioning, Refrigeration and Ventilation Association (JARVA). These were supplemented by
information provided by interviewees. Once the individuals or companies were identified, a
database was generated to include each person of interest, their work address and contact
information. A four-tier ranking system was developed for each entry based on the nature of the
business and the level of difficulty anticipated in collecting the information. The most difficult
was be ranked 1 and the least difficult will be ranked 4. In most cases only the National
Consultant interviewed rank 1 entries.
The survey revealed that due to poor record keeping, information such as the amount and type of
refrigerants imported in the last three years, or the amount of units repaired and installed
annually was not readily available. In these instances, the company was given up to a month to
produce the information and an additional week to guarantee the accuracy of the information. To
save time, the questionnaires were emailed or faxed to the company or individual. Once
completed, the information was returned electronically and vetted for accuracy. Telephone calls
were used to acquire additional information in cases where the questionnaires were incomplete.
The Ministry of Health provided names of importers issued with import permits and this was
used as a starting point for the collection of data. Further, data from the Customs department
18
was checked to cross reference and verify the data provided. The data was also referenced
against the data reported to the Ozone Secretariat to confirm consistency.
2.2
HCFC consumption data
2.2.1: HCFC Supply:
Jamaica neither manufactures nor exports refrigerants. As such, consumption is defined as
imports. With regards to Annex C Group 1 HCFCs, the consumption data reported to the Ozone
Secretariat presented in Table 4 below:
Table 4: Annex C Group 1 HCFC Consumption reported to the Ozone Secretariat
Year/
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Consumption
6.6
11.3
6.3
5.4
5.6
0.0
0.7
1.4
6.9
18.4
14.4
ODP tonnes
120.0 205.5 114.5
98.2 101.8
0.0
12.7
25.5
125.4 306.7 229.8
Metric Tonnes
These figures include the reported the consumption of 34 Mt (in 2009) and 33Mt (in 2010) of
HCFC-141b contained in Polyols.
In considering this data in the context of the survey findings, the following are to be noted:
i.
The data reported was for HCFC 22 only and based on import permits issued, which
were, as of 2009, cross referenced with import data.
ii.
The Trade Restriction Order of July 1, 1999 required the importation Annex A CFCs to
be done under permit issued by the Ministry of Health. In this regard, HCFC 22 was
restricted only to the extent that it was included in R 502. Generally under the Food and
Drug Act of 1964, importers of all chemicals (including HCFC 22) are required to obtain
import permits issued by the Ministry of Health.
With regard to imports, there is no quota system for HCFCs and as such importers are issued
permits on application. The Ministry of Health does not keep a record of the quantity of
refrigerants actually imported against the licenses issued. Therefore the total quantity imported
by an importer within a year might be less or the same as the total quantity allowed to be
imported based on the permit. An analysis of the permits issued by the Ministry of Health
revealed that over the past three years eighteen entities, comprising both individuals and
companies have imported HCFC refrigerants to supply the servicing sector and one imports
HCFC 141b contained in Polyols used in foams manufacture. Of the eighteen, fourteen import
on a consistent basis and four on a need basis. Imported refrigerants are packaged in non
19
refillable cylinders and are either retailed directly to technicians or sold wholesale to others who
retail to technicians. There are no bulk imports. The importers and their imports between 2007
and 2010 are presented in Table 5 below:
Table 5: 2009 Importers and import quantities Imported (kg)
Importers
AREL ltd
Caribbean Coolers ltd
Tropical A/C and Refrigeration
Co. Ltd.
Refrigerants
2007
2008
2009
2010
Sources
HCFC 22
0
0
6,355
29,924
HCFC22
66,414
43,913
34,776
43,704
HCFC 409A
816
272
544
5,440
HCFC 408A
2,507
109
436
4,360
HCFC 22
0
30,936
8,908
10,268
HCFC 409A
0
0
0
340
HCFC 408A
5,064
274
327
491
21,080
9,928
22,100
10,472
HCFC 22
Mexico, USA
China
Hong Kong
Italy
Quality Distributors &
Manufacturrers Co. Ltd
HCFC 409A
0
0
1360
408
HCFC 408A
164
218
491
545
B. J. hanes & Sons
HCFC 22
4500
0
0
0
UK
Authentic Air Conditioning
HCFC 22
10,901
0
10,227
0
USA; China
Climate Control Ltd
HCFC 22
0
19
0
0
USA
HCFC 22
20,400
27,200
29,920
34,000
HCFC 409A
13,600
2,040
2,040
2,720
HCFC 408A
2,180
3,270
4,360
5,450
Donald Witter Ltd.
NMIA Airports
HCFC 22
3
32
30
0
IGL Ltd
HCFC 22
0
0
17,680
25,024
HCFC 22
China
USA
China
27,272
8,840
22,916
8,160
Tradewind Investments Ltd.
HCFC 409A
1,363
272
0
0
USA; China
CAC 2000 Ltd.
HCFC 22
3,264
26,232
10,608
0
Belgium, China
Harper AC
HCFC 22
41,164
0
0
0
China
HCFC 22
16,320
16,320
24,480
24,480
HCFC 408A
2,720
2,720
4,080
0
HCFC 22
8,470
0
0
0
HCFC 22
9,253
20,128
17,976
11,560
HCFC 409A
0
136
0
0
HCFC 408A
0
218
0
218
HCFC 406A
0
136
82
272
Modern Refrigeration
Global Sources
Appliance Traders Ltd.
China
China
Italy, China
Edward Mc Carty
HCFC 22
270
0
0
0
China
Max value
HCFC 22
270
0
0
0
China
257,995
193,194
219,696
217,836
27,000
30,000
34,000
33,000
Total HCFCs
Seals Sprayed Solutions
HCFC 141b
Mexico
20
When aggregated, the data above yields the following imports of HCFCs between 2007 and
2010:
Table 6 - Quantity and type of HCFCs imported from 2007 to 2009
Quantity imported (kg)
Refrigerants
HCFC-22
2007
2008
2009
2010
229,581
183,529
205,976
197,592
HCFC-409A
15,779
2,720
3,944
8,908
HCFC-408A
12,635
6,809
9,694
11,064
0
136
82
272
257,995
27,000
193,194
30,000
272,710
34,000
197,590
33,000
284,995
223,194
306,710
229,760
16.63
13.69
18.42
14.40
493,584
374,471
426,940
424,704
HCFC-406A
Total (Servicing)
HCFC- 141b
TOTAL (Servicing + manufacturing)
Total (ODP Tonnes)
Total (t CO2-eq)
Converting the import data into the consumption of pure HCFCs yields the following:
Pure HCFCs
Table 7: Consumption of Pure HCFCs (Mt).
2007
2008
2009
HCFC 22
2010
201.49
229.88
263.60
197.59
HCFC 123
0.00
0.00
9.11
0.00
HCFC 124
3.94
0.68
0.00
0.00
HCFC 142 b
2.37
0.46
0.00
0.00
HCFC 141 b
27.00
30.00
34.00
33.00
234.80
261.02
306.71
229.76
Totals
If we separate the consumption of HCFC 141b, which is used in foam manufacturing, the
consumption of HCFCs in the servicing sector for 2007 – 2010 will be:
Table 8: HCFC Consumption by Application (Mt)
Pure HCFCs
2007
2008
2009
HCFC used in Refrigeration
HCFC used in Foams manufacture
Total HCFC consumption
2010
207.80
231.02
272.71
197.59
27.00
30.00
34.00
33.00
234.80
261.02
306.71
229.76
Whereas the data in Table 8 above presents the consumption trend for pure HCFCs, Table 6 is
more insightful in that it presents the actual quantities of HCFC – based refrigerants used in the
country. The consumption in 2007 is out of sync with the subsequent years because there were
considerable investments in the country in preparation for the hosting of Cricket Works Cup in
21
that year. Considering the data between 2008 and 2010 inclusive, we see an increase in
consumption of about 11% between 2008 and 2010. Whereas these three points are not adequate
to produce trend line, a modest gradual increase in demand of 6% will be assumed to project
consumption growth up to 2020. This figure is based on the global trends rather than on any
localized indicators. However, consideration was given to the county’s GDP, which declined by
0.9%. 3.0% and 0.1% in 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively, is projected to grow by 1.8% in
2011 and has good prospects for further future growth.
In addition to HCFCs, there are a number of other refrigerants used in Jamaica. Table 9 below
lists all refrigerants used and their prices in United States dollars per kilogram in 2009.
Table 9: Refrigerants and their Prices
Refrigerants used in Jamaica
Prices: US$/kg (2009)
HCFC-22
4.06
HCFC-409A
9.84
HCFC-408A
5.5
HCFC 407C
10.47
HCFC 404A
8.14
HCFC-406A
9.73
HCFC- 141b
*
HFC 134a
9.04
HFC 410a
9.78
CFC 502
10.21**
HFC 507
8.25**
HFC 407a
21.85**
HC
24.26
* HCFC 141b is imported as a polyol blend containing between 21 and
28% HCFC 141b by weight at a cost of $3 to $3.50 /Kg and used in foam
manufacturing.
** CFC 502, HFC 507 and HFC 407a appeared on the market briefly
and are no longer in active use.
2.2.2: Consumption Projections and Baseline Consumption.
The 2009 consumption data submitted to the Secretariat and the 2010 consumption data obtained
from the survey were used to determine the baseline consumption as well as to extrapolate
demand up to 2020. In doing this analysis, only consumption in the servicing sector was
subjected to annual escalation because it is proposed later in this HPMP to convert the foams
manufacturing enterprise, thereby removing its consumption permanently. The baseline
consumption of HCFC 141b was then added to the refrigeration baseline to provide an accurate
starting point for determining future consumption reductions.
22
This analysis yielded a baseline consumption in the servicing sector of 235.24 Mt (12.67 ODP t)
and a Foams baseline of 33 Mt (3.63 ODP t) of HCFC 141b. Therefore, the aggregate baseline
against which future compliance will be measured in set at 16.30 ODP t.
Further, given that the country has decided to cover compliance requirements up to 2020 in this
first implementation stage, Jamaica will need to reduce its consumption of HCFCs by 8.10 ODP
t by 2020 to remain in compliance with the accelerated phase out. Of this, the country proposes
to eliminate 3.63 ODP t from its aggregate consumption by converting the foams manufacturing
enterprise to an ozone friendly process, leaving 4.50 ODP t to be eliminated from the servicing
sector.
Table . Starting Point for Reduction in Aggregate Consumption (baseline)
Consumption 2009
Consumption 2010
Starting Point for Aggregate Consumption
Reductions to meet 2020 Protocol reduction target (35%)
To be achieved through the following Foams
reductions by 2020
Refrigeration
Metric tonnes
306.71
229.76
268.24
114.82
33.00
81.82
ODP tonnes
18.20
14.40
16.30
8.10
3.63
4.50
It is to be reiterated that notwithstanding this ambitious approach, the country presents the target
reduction of 8.10 ODP t against which its compliance is to be measured.
23
Table 10 Consumption and Reduction Projections (metric tonnes)
Consumption Year
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Totals
Unrestricted Growth Projection
306.71
-
229.76
255.16
-
270.47
286.70
303.90
322.13
341.46
361.95
383.67
406.69
431.09
n/a
-
268.24
268.24
241.42
241.42
241.42
241.42
241.42
174.36
18.46
-
22.82
-
-
-
-
67.06
Allowed Consumption
-
Reduction targets related to maximum consumption of previous year
n/a
108.34
Refrigeration Reduction target (ODP t)
4.50
Foams Reduction target (ODP t)
3.60
Total reductions (ODP t)
8.10
231,813
Impact on climate (t CO2eq)
Remaining Consumption to be eliminated by 2040 (Mt)
149.10
8.20
Remaining Consumption to be eliminated by 2040 (ODP t)
Figure 1: Consumption Projections and Protocol Limits
24
2.3:
Sector Distribution of HCFC Consumption
HCFCs are used in Jamaica in the servicing of refrigeration equipment and in foam manufacture.
The consumption in these two subsectors is discussed below.
2.3.1 HCFC-based manufacturing sector.
Seal Sprayed Solutions Limited is the sole user of Polyols containing HCFC 141b in foam
manufacturing in Jamaica. There are four other foam manufacturing enterprises, but they use
Polyether-Polyols in their operations.
Seal Sprayed Solutions Ltd. is a 95% Jamaican and 5% percent Trinidadian owned enterprise
which established its foam blowing operations in 2002. The company manufactures sprayed
polyurethane foam which is used in roofing systems, insulation and water proofing and sealing.
The company’s historic consumption of HCFC 141b, based on data and projections provided by
the company are presented in Table 11 below:
Table 11: HCFC 141b Consumption
(Kg)ion (kg)Quantity imported (kg)
2007
2008
2009
Refrigerants
27,000
30,000
34,000
HCFC- 141b
2.97
3.30
3.74
Total ODPt
2010
33,000
3.52
Under this first stage of HCFC phase out, project preparation funds were approved to develop a
proposal to convert the operations at Seal Sprayed Solutions Limited to a non-ODS technology
and once approved, the conversion will be undertaken.
2.3.2 Refrigeration servicing sector:
The refrigeration servicing sector includes approximately about 1,200 technicians of varying
levels of education and training, from Masters Degrees in Engineering to no formal training. In
terms of affiliations, they are either employed by large service companies, by companies with
large stocks of refrigeration equipment and having their own in-house maintenance departments
or self employed. Untrained persons generally fall in the last category which account for about
half of all technicians in Jamaica.
The survey targeted thirty seven of the fifty service agencies on the island with an aggregate staff
complement of 294 technicians, 58% of whom have received formal training either overseas or
at a local technical college of the University of Technology, Jamaica. The remainder would have
learned their trade on the job. The survey also interviewed seventy three technicians
25
individually. These samples are considered to be representative of the population of technicians
in the formal sector and the survey revealed that 52% of them received some form of training
under the CFC phase out programmes. Forty four percent were trained in recovery and recycling
and 38% in retrofitting of CFC based equipment. At the local level, technicians’ training is
conducted by the National Council on Technical, Vocational, Education and Training
(NCTVET), University of Technology, Jamaica, Caribbean Maritime Institute, Jamaica German
Automotive School, Faculty of Allied and Mechanical Technology, Econergy, and Appliance
Traders Ltd.
The following Tables present a snap shot of the size of the refrigeration and air-conditioning
sector as well as the level of activities undertaken by the survey sample in 2009.
Table 12: Equipment Imports and Stock
Equipment imported
Annual
Approximate
Estimated
Imports
Service life
equipment stock
39,200
15
588,000
Domestic Appliances
Wall mounted AC
Split AC
Chillers
Commercial Units
Industrial Units
Refrigerated Containers
Walk in Freezers
Walk in Coolers/chillers
Ice Makers
Bottle Coolers
Display Cabinets
1,347
8,227
9
137
12
2
8
10
1
103
253
10
10
20
15
15
15
15
15
10
10
10
43,300
47,900
1177
24587
3534
1984
4590
4791
3596
2315
1958
It is estimated that in 2009, equipment imports added 26,883 kg of HCFC 22 to the in situ stock
In addition to the regular servicing of equipment, twenty of the service agencies recover and
reuse refrigerants using equipment provided under the CFC phase out programme, and twelve
retrofit systems. The volume of their activities is presented in Tables 13 and 14 below:
Table 13 Annual Recovery of Refrigerants (2009)
Refrigerants
Amount (kg)
HCFC22
3,835
HFC134A
11,948
HC
CFC12
0
68.2
26
Table 14: Systems retrofitted in 2009
Type of Systems
Number
per year
MACs
22
Domestic Appliances
15
Wall mounted AC/ Split AC
4,013
Walk in Coolers/ Chillers
6
Commercial Units
5
Original
Refrigerant
CFC 12
HCFC 22
HCFC 22
CFC 502
HCFC 22
Replacement
Refrigerant
HFC 134A
HC 600A
HC 600A
HFC 404A
R404A
The level of awareness of retrofit and recovery activities involving HCFC 22 is, to a large
measure due to the impacts of the CFC phase out interventions. This presents a good platform
on which to build the HCFC phase out programme. However, it is to be noted that the 2006 CFC
phase out was accompanied by a cessation of training and other support activities for the service
sector. As such, this HPMP will need to engage in an aggressive training programme if the
service industry is to come up to the standard required to support the phase out of HCFCs.
2.4
Sectoral Consumption:
The data in Table 15 below, which was extracted from the HPMP survey provides the
characteristics of each of the sub sectors in which HCFCs are used in the servicing of
refrigeration and air conditioning equipment and the calculated demand for 2009. Table 6 above
indicates that HCFC imports to supply the servicing sector to be 219,616 kg, which compares
well with the calculated demand below, given that technicians for the most part provided
estimates rather than accurate data on their activities.
% requiring full
charge at time of
service
Recharge
quantity (kg)
Calculated
Service demand
0
1
0.1
0.15
0
43,300
10
1
0.334
0.2
2.7
70,006
47,940
10
1
0.334
0.2
2.7
77,508
Chillers
1,177
20
0.24
0.5
0.1
180
10,169
% containing
HCFC
15
Service life
588,000
Total amount of
Equipment
Domestic
Appliances
Wall
mounted AC
Split AC
Equipment
Serviced
Service
Frequency (once
every x years)
Table 15: Calculated Service Demand (2009)
27
Commercial
Units
24587
15
0.87
0.334
0.25
1.5
24,016
Industrial
Units
Refrigerated
Containers
3,534
15
0.72
0.5
0.15
45
34,350
1,984
15
0.32
0.5
0.05
39
2,476
Walk in
Freezers
Walk in
Coolers/chille
rs
Ice Makers
4590
15
0.3
0.5
0.05
3
413
4791
15
1
0.5
0.05
3
1,437
3596
10
0
0.5
0.1
0.25
0
Bottle
Coolers
Display
Cabinets
MAC
2,315
10
0.33
0.5
0.1
0.1
15
1,958
10
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.15
18
20,879
15
0
1
0.5
0.6
0
Total calculated demand
220,409
As can be seen from this Table, small air conditioning systems account for 66.9% of total
demand. The implication is that this sector will require greater attention if the consumption
reduction targets are to be met.
28
3.
PHASE-OUT STRATEGY
3.1:
Overarching Phase out Strategy:
As a Party to the Ozone, Climate and other environmental Treaties and Conventions, the
government of Jamaica is committed to follow a phase out strategy for HCFCs which includes
the use of ozone friendly technologies that also have climate and other environmental benefits.
The country is aware that current technology options to replace HCFC 22 with HFC 410a
technology cannot be a long term solution. Therefore, the government has decided to monitor
technological developments with the view to embracing future technologies which will better
address its ozone layer protection, climate change mitigation and other goals. In this context, the
use of natural refrigerants, particularly Hydrocarbons, which was introduced to the local market
since 2005 will be central to its approach to meeting the initial HCFC phase out targets while it
explores other options which may emerge onto the market. In addition, the government of
Jamaica considered the following elements in defining its overall strategy to achieve the phase
out of Annex C Group 1 HCFCs:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
Successes with the accelerated phase out of Annex A CFCs present important lessons
which can be applied to the HCFC phase out effort;
A robust legal framework and training of Customs officers and other enforcement
personnel were central to ensure compliance with the CFC phase out and will be
extended to support HCFC phase-out;
The institutional, policy and legal structures which supported the successful CFC phase
out are applicable, and can be easily expanded to support the phase out of HCFCs;
The stock of HCFC based equipment should, to the extent possible, be allowed in service
to the end of their useful life to avoid costs to the local economy and the Multilateral
Fund, provided this will not prevent the country from meeting its consumption reduction
targets due to their service requirements;
Phase out should be based on technologies which address ozone protection as well as
climate and other environmental benefits;
Technology solutions will be based on total environmental benefits, availability, relative
cost, ease of assimilation, performance characteristics and comfort of technicians to work
with the technology;
The rate at which new technologies are emerging makes it unadvisable to commit to an
early phase out based on current choices; and
It will require time and considerable investments to ensure that the service industry adapt
to the reducing HCFC supply.
Guided by the above, the government of Jamaica has decided to embrace a staged approach to
meeting its HCFC phase out obligations. In this first implementation stage, Jamaica will pursue
29
its HCFC phase out commitments in line with Decision XIX/6 up to 2020, at which time it will
reassess its readiness to accelerate the phase out based on the successes of this stage as well as on
the state of the technology options which may become available by that time.
As seen in Section 2.2.2 above, the baseline consumption for Jamaica is 14.79 ODP tonnes.
Assuming that all the target reductions are met, the allowed HCFC consumption up to 2040,
along with the projections for consumption reductions are presented and analysed in Table 16
below to provide the reduction targets this overall strategy will address for the servicing sector:
Table 16: Target Consumption Reductions up to 2040
Year
Control measure
Allowed
consumption
2013
Freeze at baseline
268.24
2015
10% reduction
241.12
2020
35% Reduction
174.36
2025
67.5% Reduction
87.18
2030
97.5% reduction
6.70
2040
100% reduction
0
It is assumed that the 33.00 Mt of HCFC 141b will be eliminated during 2012/2013. Given this
challenge, the government of Jamaica has decided to adopt an overall phase out strategy based
on the following key elements:
3.1.1
Technology Support to the Service Industry:
The ability of the service industry to adapt to declining supplies of HCFCs is central to enable a
smooth transition to an HCFC free economy. During the CFC phase out, capacity development
both in terms of training and the provision of tools and equipment helped the service industry to
make the transition to a CFC-free industry. At that time, however, the alternatives were known
and readily available. Meeting the HCFC phase out targets will be more challenging for two
reasons. Firstly, the technology choices available, mainly HFC 410A technology, meets the
government’s ozone protection policy, but not its climate change mitigation policies and as such,
the way forward is not as clear as with the CFC phase out. Secondly, whereas the use of natural
refrigerants, mainly hydrocarbons, addresses both the ozone and climate policies, there are still
concerns among technicians on the universality of this choice as well as health and safety
concerns. Against this background, technology support to the service industry will not be based
on a final choice of replacement technology during the first stage. Rather, the focus during the
first stage will be on improving servicing skills, reducing emissions during servicing and the
30
introduction of hydrocarbon technology. In the longer term, emerging technology options will
be evaluated against their total environmental benefits and choices of replacement technologies
taken during a subsequent stage. Against this background, technical support to the service
industry will involve training and capacity development to promote :





good refrigeration servicing practices;
recovery and reuse of refrigerants;
handling and use of natural refrigerants and retrofitting equipment to Ozone
friendly technologies, particularly natural refrigerants; and
research into cost effective green refrigeration options and dissemination of this
information to the industry.
Capacity to select the best available option to replace HCFC applications
In addition, investments in tools, equipment and retrofit kits, particularly for the conversion of
HCFC based equipment to HC technology will be provided to enable technicians to put the
training to practical use, thereby contributing directly to consumption reductions. Further, the
engagement of other stakeholders such as refrigerant suppliers to ensure that immediate supplies
of refrigerants are within allowed limits and equipment importers to reduce future service
demand will be encouraged as part of the overall strategy.
3.1.2
Manufacturing Conversion:
The foam manufacturing enterprise which uses Polyol containing HCFC 141b (Seals Sprayed
Solutions) will be converted to use non-HCFC technology. Project preparation funds have been
approved and UNDP is currently finalizing the proposal, the indicative budget for which is US$
95,450.00.
3.1.3
Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework:
The policy, institutional and legal framework established to support the phase out of CFCs will be
examined and adjustments made, as necessary, to support the phase out of HCFCs.
The key activities proposed include:
a) Extending the regulatory framework to monitor and control trade in ODSs and related
technologies to cover HCFCs as well. The key elements will include import quotas
below allowed consumption levels, prohibition of imports of HCFC based equipment at
the appropriate time, prohibition of imports of HCFC 141b for foam manufacturing, tax
incentives/disincentives to encourage a preference for ozone and climate friendly
technologies, and labelling of refrigerants and equipment.
31
b) Training of enforcement personnel in ensuring compliance with the expanded regulatory
regime;
c) Introduction of market based incentives/disincentives to encourage wider applications of
HC or other emerging environmentally friendly refrigerants;
d) Closer collaboration with industry stakeholders, particularly the Jamaica Airconditioning, Refrigeration and Ventilation Association (JARVA); and
e) Development of policies for the safe handling, transportation and storage of refrigerants
3.1.4
Retrofit Programme:
During the first stage the focus will be on developing capacity to undertake retrofits and allow
market forces to dictate the pace at which retrofits take place. The need for a national retrofit
programme will be assessed at the end of this first stage.
3.1.5
Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting:
The complexity of this HPMP will require careful monitoring of project execution, assessment of
results achieved against targets and reporting on achievements, all of which this component will
be designed to achieve.
Based on these policy directions and strategies, a suite of immediate (2012 - 2020) medium ( up
to 2025) and long term (up to 2030) interventions, along with indicative budgets are proposed to
support the agreed overall phase out schedule. These are set out in Table 17 below:
Table 17: Interventions to support HCFC Phase out
Interventions
2020
Time line
2025
2030
Technical support to the service industry
Training in good service practices, including recovery and reuse of refrigerants
Training in natural refrigerant technology
Training in Retrofitting of HCFC based equipment
General equipment retrofits
Specific Equipment Retrofits
Provision of recovery equipment, recovery cylinders and service tools for natural
refrigerants.
Foams sector
Conversion of HCFC based Foams production
(to be continued...)
32
Interventions
2020
Time line
2025
2030
Policy, Legal and Institutional
Expansion of current licensing system to include HCFCs
Establish standards for the transportation, handling and storage of refrigerants
Prohibition of imports of HCFC based equipment, whether or not pre-charged
Establish controls over exports of refrigerants and related equipment
Training of enforcement personnel
Introduction of market based incentives/disincentives
Procedures to monitor servicing of Jamaican flagged vessels
Prohibition of imports of HCFC 141b for the Foams sector
Retrofit Programme
Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting
Continuous monitoring, evaluation and reporting on project execution
The indicative cost to get to zero consumption is estimated at US$ 1,250,000, but does not
include the cost of the Retrofit programme proposed after 2020 or the conversion of the foams
manufacturing enterprise.
33
3.2 First stage implementation programme
As indicated earlier, the government of Jamaica shall, under this first stage pursue a phase-out
strategy to meet the 2013, 2015 and 2020 phase-out targets. In this regard, and given the historic
and projected consumption levels, the quantum of the phase out to be achieved in the servicing
sector is 4.50 ODP t and an additional 3.63 ODP t in the foams sector, giving a total target
reduction of 8.10 ODP t by 2020.
3.2.1 Foams manufacturing sector
There are sixteen actors in the foams sector, five of whom are involved in the manufacture of
foam products. They are:
 Seal Sprayed Solutions Limited
 Boss Furniture Limited
 Jamaica Bedding Limited
 International Foam Producers Manufacturing Company Limited
 Polyflex Foam Limited
Seal Sprayed Solutions Limited manufactures sprayed polyurethane foam which is used in
roofing systems and other applications to provide insulation, water proofing and sealing. Table
11 shows the historic consumption of HFCF 141b Seal Sprayed Solutions Limited, the only
manufacturer employing an ODS-based manufacturing process. The Company consumed 32.0
Mt of HCFC 141b in foam manufacturing in both 2009 and 2010, thereby adding 3.52 ODP t to
the baseline. Conversion of this operation to a non-ODS technology will therefore permanently
eliminate this consumption and move the country that much towards meeting its phase out
targets. To this end, a conversion project to transform the manufacturing process to use methyl
formate (MF) is prepared and submitted for consideration along with this HPMP. This project is
budgeted at US$ 95,450.00.
The other four foam producers use a polyether polyols blend sold under the trade name Caradol
to produce polyurethane slab foam used mainly for bedding, flakes and sheets. Data were
collected from the supplier and compared to data collected from each manufacturer. However,
due to proper record keeping by the suppliers, the data they supplied was assumed to be more
accurate and therefore is used in the analysis.
3.2.2 HCFC refrigeration servicing sector
Whereas technical support to enhance the skills of service personnel to transition away from
HCFC technologies is necessary to achieve compliance with the Protocol’s HCFC phase out
schedule, it will not be sufficient to achieve this goal. Other supportive measures proposed
34
under this first stage include further strengthening of the policy, legal and institutional
framework to support the phase out goals as well as promotional interventions intended to
empower technology consumers to make informed choices. These are described below:
3.2.2.1
Technology Support to the Service Industry
Refrigeration and air-conditioning is the largest consumer of HCFCs in Jamaica. As such,
achievement of the target consumption reductions will depend heavily on the ability of this
sector to reduce consumption levels. In this regard, this HPMP places emphasis on technology
support to the service industry by developing the capacity of this sector to transition away from
HCFCs to other, particularly Hydrocarbon refrigerants through a cluster of initiatives designed to
achieve the following objectives:
a) Development of the technical capability of refrigeration service personnel to comfortably
make the transition away from HCFC based technologies to ozone friendly technologies
with reduced carbon footprints;
b) Develop national capability to reduce demand for virgin refrigerant through retrofitting
and recovery schemes;
c) Build understanding of the choice of refrigerants for specific applications; and
d) Provide the tools and equipment necessary to facilitate the transition.
The specific interventions proposed to meet these goals are:
a)
Training in Good Refrigeration Practices:
Justification:
Training is an essential component of any strategy to achieve permanent phase out of HCFC
consumption. Under the phase out of CFCs, 293 technicians received training in a number of
areas such as good servicing practices, recovery and recycling and retrofitting of refrigeration
systems. The survey revealed that about 58% of those surveyed had formal training in
refrigeration servicing. This implies a rather large percentage (42%) of technicians without
formal training. Whereas the Multilateral Fund is not intended to provide formal training in
refrigeration servicing, it is necessary to provide some training to this segment of the service
industry if the phase out of HCFCs is to be sustained and permanent. This initiative will build on
the experiences of the CFC phase out to develop the technical capacity of the service industry to
reduce emissions during servicing. In this regard, it is noteworthy that there is an estimated 1200
technicians in Jamaica, of which an estimated 500 have had no training in good refrigeration
practices. Bearing in mind the Ozone protection and climate benefits goals to be pursued, this
training will build on the work started under the CFC phase out to introduce hydrocarbon
35
technology to the industry. As such, this training will also include applications of HC
refrigerants as well as health and safety issues related to the transportation, handling and storage
of this class of refrigerants. Topics to be covered in this training include:











Environmental issues: ozone depletion, climate change, other environmental impacts and
the refrigeration industry;
Refrigerant (including HC and other natural refrigerants) safety (flammability, toxicity,
pressure);
Leak detection and prevention in system design, installation, servicing and
decommissioning;
Good refrigeration servicing practices;
General good transportation, handling and storage procedures and practices;
Leak detection, prevention and repair;
Alternative refrigerants: theory of selection and characteristics of different types of
refrigerant, including HCs;
Best practice for drop-in, retrofitting and converting;
Evaluating system efficiency;
Ways and means of improving performance of existing equipment;
Use of alternative flushing agents.
In addition to the above, a Train the Trainers programme to be conducted will include modules
on recovery and recycling of refrigerants including HCs as well as retrofitting of HCFC based
equipment to Ozone and climate friendly alternatives. The training consultant will also be
required to develop one and two day training modules respectively on Recovery and Reuse of
Refrigerants and on Retrofitting of Equipment to zone friendly technologies having low GWP,
particularly hydrocarbons
Time Table for Implementation:
Training is central to this first stage of the phase out strategy and as such, this project will be
executed immediately upon approval of this HPMP.
Table 18:
Time Frame
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
Year/Activities
Consultant to develop and deliver 5 days train the trainers
training workshop and develop relevant training modules
Acquisition of training materials
Local training of 500 technicians
36
Impact
This training will target 500, or about 40% of all technicians. If we assume that improved
servicing practices will avoid 5% of emissions against the 2013 projected consumption (286.70
Mt) as of 2013, this translates to 45.87 Mt of HCFCs avoided up to 2020
Cost
An indication of the costs is provided in Table 19.
Table 19:
Cost Elements
Description
Resources
Train-the-trainers
programme
Cost
Expert trainers to develop and deliver trainers’ workshop and
training material for subsequent local training
$20,000
Training
of
technicians
500
25 Training workshops between 2012 and 2020
$75,000
Materials
consumables
and
Various
$20,000
Promotion
Promotional material targeting potential trainees
Total
b)
2500
$117,500
Developing Expertise in Recovery and Recycling
Justification
Recovery and reuse of refrigerants have a direct and immediate impact on consumption by
displacing the use of virgin refrigerants. This is one of the impacts achieved under the CFC
phase out and if applied to the phase out of HCFCs will have a similar impact, but as in the case
with the CFC phase out, training and the provision of relevant tools and equipment will be
necessary. By training technicians to recover and reuse refrigerants, a greater use potential can
be achieved with the current stock of in-situ HCFCs. The result will be reduced demand for
virgin refrigerant to service the existing stock of HCFC-based equipment. In addition to
HCFCs, other refrigerants such as HFCs and HCs should also be recovered for climate benefit,
safety and cost reasons. The training should comprise comprehensive theory and practical
training to cover the following aspects:


Environmental, safety and cost reasons for recovery and recycling;
Best practice operations of multi-refrigerant recovery machines and use of recovery
cylinders;
37


Characteristics of recovery machines, differences for various refrigerants; and
Handling storage and reuse of recovered refrigerants.
The training would be of one day duration, and may be linked to the general technician training
for those technicians pursuing that programme who have not had exposure to training in good
refrigeration practices. It will be conducted by national trainers who would have received the
relevant training themselves under the Train the Trainers programme in (a) above and will target
about 400 technicians up to 2020.
In addition to the training, technicians should be provided with recovery equipment and related
spares and consumables to enable them to practice the recovery techniques they would have been
taught. Under the CFC phase out programme, 106 recovery machines and 36 MAC recovery
machines were provided to technicians. As noted in Table 15 above, in 2009 a total of 15.8
metric tonnes of refrigerants were recovered, 24% of which was R-22. Notwithstanding this, the
climate benefits apply to all recovered refrigerants. With the introduction of import quotas it is
expected that HCFC supplies will fall below demand, prompting the wider recovery of this
refrigerant. It is therefore proposed to provide an additional 50 multi refrigerant recovery
machines and related consumables to encourage the wider recovery of refrigerants, particularly
HCFC 22 and hydrocarbons
Execution plan:
A series of one day workshops will be conducted by local trainers throughout the island to
develop local expertise in recovery and reuse of refrigerants. The training will commence soon
after the trainers workshop and continue up to 2020.
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
Time Frame
2011
Table 20:
Year/Activities
Local training of 400 Technicians up to 2020
Logistics, materials and consumables
Acquisition of recovery machines and related spares and
consumables
Distribution of recovery machines, spares and
consumables
38
Impact:
Using the 2013 projected consumption of 286.70 Mt the servicing sector, and 10% recovery rate
starting in 2013, then if the 400 technicians, who represent one third of the total number of
technicians, practice recovery operations, this will result in the avoidance on 68.81 Mt of HCFCs
by 2020.
Cost
Table 21: Recovery and Recycling Budget:
Resources
Local trainers
Description
25 Workshops of one day each, groups of 10 per session
Cost
$25,000
totalling 50 trainer-days
Venue
Rental of venue, transportation of experimental equipment etc
$25,000
Materials and consumables
Various
$12,500
Training sub total
$62,500
Recovery machines
50 multi refrigerant recovery machines
$64,000
Spares and consumables
Allow $300 per machine
$15,000
Shipping and handling
Promotion
Equipment sub total
Recovery and Recycling Total
c)
$4,000
2500
$85,500
$148,000
Development of Retrofit capabilities for HCFC based equipment
Justification:
The overall policy framework being pursued includes allowing the stock of HCFC based
equipment to continue in service up to the end of their useful life. However, once the import
quotas are enforced, HCFC supplies are likely to fall below demand. Under the CFC phase out
technicians were able to meet the shortfall by retrofitting the equipment to a readily available
refrigerant. This practice still continues for the few remaining CFC based equipment in the
country and has been extended to HCFC based small air conditioning systems. The importance
of this technology to the CFC phase out is an important lesson to be applied to the phase out of
HCFCs as well. In fact, the survey results indicate that in 2009 the technicians surveyed who are
capable, have already retrofitted over 4000 wall mounted HCFC12 based air-conditioning
systems to HC 600 refrigerant (see Table 14), justifying the need to train others in this
technology. Under the circumstances, the train the trainers programme in (a) above will equip
local trainers to train their colleagues in retrofitting HCFC based equipment to ozone friendly,
39
and to the extent possible, climate friendly refrigerants. In this regard, special focus will be
given to those applications to which HC refrigerants can be used. The training will include:






Environmental impacts of the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry;
Refrigerant performance characteristics for refrigeration and air conditioning applications;
Selection of replacement refrigerants for specific applications
Systems modifications;
Health and safety considerations; and
Practical demonstrations.
The target population for this training under the first stage will be the 200 technicians employed
by the 37 large service agencies or the more active technicians. This approach will create
opportunities for the trainees to pass on the skills to their co-workers, thereby creating a
multiplier effect.
Given the emphasis on retrofitting to HC refrigerant, some basic tools will be provided to about
100 trainee service workshops or individuals to encourage the application of the newly acquired
techniques. The equipment will include HC gas detectors and gauges, fire extinguishers, venting
hoses, electronic charging scales and vacuum pumps.
Execution Plan:
This training will commence as soon as practicable following the trainers’ workshop described in
(a) above and will run until 2020. Workshops will be conducted by local trainers. The
execution time line is presented in Table 22 below:
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
Time Frame
2011
Table 22:
Year/Activities
Local training of 200 Technicians
Logistics, materials and consumables
Acquisition and distribution of HC related service
tools
Impact:
Given the government’s intention to have a quota system in place early in 2012, it is to be
expected that HCFC supplies will be well below demand, thereby forcing both the recovery of
HCFCs as well as the retrofitting of HCFC based equipment. In this regard, if we assume that a
mere 2%% of equipment brought in for servicing will be retrofitted to use ozone friendly
40
technology as of 2013, this will translate to an aggregate demand reduction of 45.87 Mt of
HCFCs by 2020.
Budget:
Table 23:
Budget
Resources
Description
Cost
Local trainers
20 Workshops of two day each, groups of 10 per session; totalling
40 trainer-days
$30,000
Venue
Rental of venue, transportation of experimental equipment etc
$30,000
Materials and consumables
Various
$15,000
Promotion
2000
Training sub total
$77,000
HC gas detectors
100 at $600 each
60,000
HC gauge sets
100 @ $25 each
2,500
Venting hoses
100 @ $10 each
1,000
Fire extinguishers
100 @ $30 each
3,000
Electronic charging scales
100 @ $50
5,000
Vacuum pumps
100 @ $100 each
Shipping and Handling
10,000
4000
Tools sub total
$ 85,500
Retrofit Component total
$162,500
This entire component will be implemented by UNDP, the lead Implementing Agency for this
HPMP.
3.2.3 Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework:
Goal:
The goal of this intervention is to create an enabling environment to support the phase out of
Annex C Group 1 HCFCs in accordance with the agreed phase out schedule.
Justification:
As noted in Section 2, the regulatory framework established to support the phase out of CFCs
was effective in enabling the country to phase out the use of these chemicals ahead of the
Protocol schedule. Already the importation of HCFCs requires an import permit issued by the
Ministry of Health. Although necessary, this provision alone is not sufficient to create an
41
effective legal framework to monitor and control HCFC consumption. Therefore, the provisions
of the CFC phase out will be extended to provide for the issuing of import quotas, controls and
eventual prohibition of imports of HCFCs and HCFC based equipment.
In addition, to the legal framework, the policy environment which will, in part, inform the legal
framework will also be strengthened to support the phase out effort. Specifically matters related
to storage, transportation and handling of refrigerants, disposal of illegal imports, market based
incentives/disincentives and consumption of controlled substances on Jamaican flagged ships.
The current institutional arrangements which facilitate collaboration between the ozone and
climate programmes will continue to function, as will the support of the JARVA.
In addition to the enhanced policy, legal and institutional frameworks to be created, about 400
enforcement personnel will be trained to enforce the expanded legal provisions and policies to be
introduced to facilitate the phase out of HCFCs. They will also be provided with multi
refrigerant identifiers to aid with enforcing the new regulations.
The key interventions proposed under this component are presented in Table 24 below:
Table 24: Key elements of the enhanced Policy; legal and Institutional Framework;
Implementation
Timeline
Activity
2021
Immediate
onwards
Expansion of current licensing system to include HCFCs
Establish standards for the transportation, handling and storage of refrigerants
Prohibition of imports of HCFC based equipment, whether or not pre-charged
Establish controls over exports of refrigerants and related equipment
Introduction of market based incentives/disincentives
Procedures to monitor servicing of Jamaican flagged vessels
Training of Customs and Officers and other enforcement personnel
Execution Plan:
A key provision of the licensing system (the licensing of importers) is already in place for CFCs.
The Office of the Attorney General will be requested to draft the legal text required to extend the
legal framework to control CFC consumption to cover HCFCs as well. This work will take into
account the legal requirements laid out in Table 25 as well to ensure that the final framework
will cover all the provisions considered necessary.
42
With regards to the policy provisions, these will be developed in collaboration with the key
support agencies such as the Bureau of Standards and JARVA.
Following the introduction of the licensing regime a train the trainers workshop for customs and
other enforcement personnel will be conducted, to be followed by a sustained training
programme by the local trainers to train about 400 customs and other enforcement personnel in
the new licensing regime to be introduced.
The time lines for these activities are laid out in Table 25 below:
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
Table 25: Timetable for Implementation
Year/Activities
Drafting of legal text
Approval of Licensing system (Ministerial Orders)
Development and enforcement of standards for the transport,
handling and storage of refrigerants
Development and enforcement of labelling standards for
HCFCs and related equipment substances on Jamaican
Flagged Ships
Training of Customs and Officers and other enforcement
personnel
Impact:
No specific consumption reductions are associated with this project. However, it will ensure that
refrigerant supplies are kept within the Protocol’s consumption limits. In addition, this project
will also help reduce future demand for HCFCs to service equipment through their eventual
import prohibition
Budget: The budget for this component is laid out in Table 26 below:
Table 26: Budget
Resources
Description
Cost
Policy
To produce policy text
$ 6,000
Policy workshops
Three workshops
$ 6,000
Policy Workshops and local
consultant Fees
A local consultant will be contracted to hold
consultations and develop labelling standards, standards
for the transport, handling and storage of refrigerants,
policies and procedures to address consumption on
$ 10,000
43
Jamaican flagged ships,
Training
1-
Train the Trainers workshop
$10,000
20 Local training workshops for enforcement officers
$ 35,000
Refrigerant Identifiers
$10,000
Total
$ 77,000
This component will be implemented by UNEP, the cooperating Implementing Agency.
44
4.
PROJECT COORDINATION AND MANAGEMENT
Goals
This component of the HPMP will provide for the day to day implementation, and periodic
monitoring, evaluation and reporting on project activities, targets achieved, deadlines missed and
remedial actions to be taken, if necessary.
Background and justification
The implementation of the different initiatives under this HPMP will require a consistent and
regular programme of follow up and monitoring visits to the project beneficiaries, coupled with
technical assistance, in order to keep project momentum, ensure early detection of problems,
apply corrective measures when needed, and ensure the accountability of stakeholders.
Roles and Responsibilities:
The National Ozone Unit, which is located within the National Environment and Planning
Agency (NEPA), will be responsible for the day to day execution of project activities. In
carrying out this function, the NOU will follow the supervision and reporting procedures and
structures established by the government to manage the Agency. In this regard, the highest
policy responsibility rests with the Minister with responsibility for NEPA while at the technical
level, responsibility resides with the Chief Executive Officer of NEPA (head of NEPA)
Periodically the government, in collaboration with the lead Implementing Agency will convene
monitoring missions to provide independent verification of project outputs, achievement of
targets and financial management. The Missions will also undertake an overall project
evaluation and make recommendations, if necessary for further action to achieve target phase out
levels.
Execution Plan
The project will include the following activities:
a) Implementation of all project activities within the HPMP;
b) Design, organization and implementation of project execution, monitoring and evaluation of
outputs against project goals.
c) Analysis and report of monitoring results on a quarterly basis, including design and
implementation of corrective measures and / or technical assistance activities,
d) Design and implementation of corrective measures.
e) Annual progress reports to the NOU and Implementing Agency
45
Table 27: Time frame (2011 – 2020)
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
Year/Activities
Design of project implementation plans
Monitoring and Evaluation reports
Annual Reports
Cost: This component will be implemented by UNDP, the lead Implementing Agency.
Table 28: Estimated project budget over 10 years
Description
Cost US$
Local M&E consultants
$45,000
Administration
$10,000
Total
$55,000
5.
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
If the targets are achieved, these interventions are expected to surpass the consumption
reductions required to meet the first control measures. In fact, whereas Table 10 projects
reductions to be 130.23 Mt or 7.16 ODP t, these interventions are estimated to eliminate 160.55
Mt in the servicing sector and 33.00 Mt in the Foams sector. However, on the conservative side,
the reductions are taken to be 130.23 Mt or 7.16 ODP t from the servicing sector and an
additional 3.63 ODP t from the foams sector, giving an aggregate reduction of 10.79 ODP t, as
well as the avoidance of 231 813 t CO2 eq of greenhouse gases by 2020.
46
6.
BUDGET AND CASH FLOW:
The first stage budget is consolidated in Table 28 below and is broken down into annual
cash flows up to 2020 based on the implementation schedule proposed:
Table 28: Consolidated Budget and cash flow
Activities
Total
Budget
Annual Allocations
2011
2013
2015
2020
$15,000
$4,000
$15,000
$4,000
$1,000
$20,000
$5,000
$5,000
$2,000
$15,000
$4,000
$15,000
$1,000
$13,000
$6,000
$6,000
$3,000
$500
$15,500
$500
$12,500
$6,000
$6,000
$3,000
$500
$15,500
$0
$15,000
$0
$15,500
$0
$15,500
$4,000
$4,000
$10,000
$15,000
$15,000
$5,000
$14,000
$33,000
$15,000
$5,000
$9,000
$2,000
$11,000
$257,450
$9,000
$2,000
$11,000
$118,000
$9,000
$2,000
$11,000
$214,000
$9,000
$2,000
$11,000
$66,000
Train-the-trainers programme
Training of 500 technicians
Materials and consumables
Promotion
Training in Good Practices SUBTOTAL
Trainers for 25 training workshops
Venue
Materials and consumables
50 multi refrigerant recovery machines
Spares and consumables
Shipping and Handling
Promotion
Recovery and Recycling SUBTOTAL
Local Trainers
Venue
Materials and consumables
Promotion
Retrofit Training SUBTOTAL
100 HC gas detectors
100 HC gauge sets
100 sets Venting hoses
100 Fire extinguishers
100 Electronic charging scales
100 Vacuum pumps
Shipping and Handling
Equipment SUBTOTAL
RETROFIT - TOTAL
Legal consultant
Policy workshops
Policy consultants
Train the Trainers Workshop
Customs Training
Refigerant identifiers
$20,000
$75,000
$20,000
$2,500
$117,500
$25,000
$25,000
$12,500
$64,000
$15,000
$4,000
$2,500
$148,000
$30,000
$30,000
$15,000
$2,000
$77,000
$60,000
$2,500
$1,000
$3,000
$5,000
$10,000
$4,000
$85,500
$162,500
$0
$6,000
$6,000
$10,000
$45,000
$10,000
$20,000
$15,000
$4,000
$1,500
$40,500
$5,000
$5,000
$4,000
$64,000
$15,000
$4,000
$1,000
$98,000
$6,000
$6,000
$3,000
$1,000
$16,000
$60,000
$2,500
$1,000
$3,000
$5,000
$10,000
$4,000
$85,500
$101,500
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK - TOTAL
Local consultants
Administration
IMP. & MONITORING - TOTAL
TOTAL BUDGET APPROVED
$77,000
$45,000
$10,000
$55,000
$655,450
$2,000
$2,000
$19,000
$5,000
$5,000
$2,500
$12,500
$6,000
$6,000
$3,000
$19,000
$5,000
$5,000
$2,000
$10,000
47
48
ANNEX: DRAFT AGREEMENT
Annex XIII
PRELIMINARY TEMPLATE
DRAFT AGREEMENT BETWEEN JAMAICA AND THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
OF THE MULTILATERAL FUND FOR THE REDUCTION IN CONSUMPTION
OF HYDROCHLOROFLUROCARBONS
1.
This Agreement represents the understanding of the Government of Jamaica (the “Country”) and
the Executive Committee with respect to the reduction of controlled use of the ozone-depleting substances
(ODS) set out in Appendix 1-A (“The Substances”) to a sustained 16.66 ODP tonnes / maximum
consumption allowed for 2013 under the Montreal Protocol reduction.
2.
The Country agrees to meet the annual consumption limits of the Substances as set out in
row 1.2 of Appendix 2-A (“The Targets and Funding”) in this Agreement as well as in the Montreal
Protocol reduction schedule for all Substances mentioned in Appendix 1-A . The Country accepts that, by
its acceptance of this Agreement and performance by the Executive Committee of its funding obligations
described in paragraph 3, it is precluded from applying for or receiving further funding from the
Multilateral Fund in respect to any consumption of the Substances which exceeds the level defined in
row 1.2 of Appendix 2-A (maximum allowable total consumption of Annex C, Group I substances) as the
final reduction step under this agreement for all of the Substances specified in Appendix 1-A, and in
respect to any consumption of each of the Substances which exceeds the level defined in row[s] 4.1.3
[and 4.2.3, …] (remaining eligible consumption).
3.
Subject to compliance by the Country with its obligations set out in this Agreement, the
Executive Committee agrees in principle to provide the funding set out in row 3.1 of Appendix 2-A (the
“Targets and Funding”) to the Country. The Executive Committee will, in principle, provide this funding
at the Executive Committee meetings specified in Appendix 3-A (the “Funding Approval Schedule”).
4.
The Country will meet the consumption limits for each of the Substances as indicated in
Appendix 2-A. It will also accept independent verification, to be commissioned by the relevant bilateral
or implementing agency, of achievement of these consumption limits as described in sub-paragraph 5(b)
of this Agreement.
5.
The Executive Committee will not provide the Funding in accordance with the Funding Approval
Schedule unless the Country satisfies the following conditions at least 60 days prior to the applicable
Executive Committee meeting set out in the Funding Approval Schedule:
(a)
That the Country has met the targets for all relevant years. Relevant years are all years
since the year in which the hydro-chlorofluorocarbons phase-out management plan
(HPMP) was approved. Exempt are years for which no obligation for reporting of
country programme data exists at the date of the Executive Committee Meeting at which
49
the funding request is being presented;
(b)
That the meeting of these Targets has been independently verified, except if the
Executive Committee decided that such verification would not be required;
(c)
That the Country had submitted tranche implementation reports in the form of
Appendix 4-A (the “Format of Tranche Implementation Report and Plan”) covering each
previous calendar year, that it had achieved a significant level of implementation of
activities initiated with previously approved tranches, and that the rate of disbursement of
funding available from the previously approved tranche was more than 20 per cent; and
(d)
That the Country has submitted and received approval from the Executive Committee for
a tranche implementation plan in the form of Appendix 4-A (the “Format of Tranche
Implementation Reports and Plans”) covering each calendar year until and including the
year for which the funding schedule foresees the submission of the next tranche or, in
case of the final tranche, until completion of all activities foreseen.
6.
The Country will ensure that it conducts accurate monitoring of its activities under this
Agreement. The institutions set out in Appendix 5-A (the “Monitoring Institutions and Roles”) will
monitor and report on Implementation of the activities in the previous tranche implementation plan in
accordance with their roles and responsibilities set out in Appendix 5-A. This monitoring will also be
subject to independent verification as described in sub-paragraph 5(b).
7.
The Executive Committee agrees that the Country may have the flexibility to reallocate the
approved funds, or part of the funds, according to the evolving circumstances to achieve the smoothest
phase-down and phase-out of the Substances specified in Appendix 1-A. Reallocations categorized as
major changes must be documented in advance in a Tranche Implementation Plan and approved by the
Executive Committee as described in sub-paragraph 5(d). Major changes would relate to reallocations
affecting in total 30 per cent or more of the funding of the last approved tranche, issues potentially
concerning the rules and policies of the Multilateral Fund, or changes which would modify any clause of
this Agreement. Reallocations not categorized as major changes may be incorporated in the approved
Tranche Implementation Plan, under implementation at the time, and reported to the Executive
Committee in the Tranche Implementation Report. Any remaining funds will be returned to the
Multilateral Fund upon closure of the last tranche of the plan.
8.
Specific attention will be paid to the execution of the activities in the refrigeration servicing
sub-sector, in particular:
(a)
The Country would use the flexibility available under this Agreement to address specific
needs that might arise during project implementation; and
(b)
The Country and the bilateral and implementing agencies involved will take full account
of the requirements of decisions 41/100 and 49/6 during the implementation of the plan.
9.
The Country agrees to assume overall responsibility for the management and implementation of
this Agreement and of all activities undertaken by it or on its behalf to fulfil the obligations under this
Agreement. UNDP has agreed to be the lead implementing agency (the “Lead IA”) and UNEP has agreed
to be cooperating implementing agency/agencies (the “Cooperating IA”) under the lead of the Lead IA in
respect of the Country’s activities under this Agreement. The Country agrees to evaluations, which might
be carried out under the monitoring and evaluation work programmes of the Multilateral Fund or under
the evaluation programme of any of the IA taking part in this Agreement.
10.
The Lead IA will be responsible for carrying out the activities of the plan as detailed in the first
submission of the HPMP with the changes approved as part of the subsequent tranche submissions,
including but not limited to independent verification as per sub-paragraph 5(b). [This responsibility
includes the necessity to co-ordinate with the Cooperating IA to ensure appropriate timing and sequence
50
of activities in the implementation. The Cooperating IA will support the Lead IA by implementing the
activities listed in Appendix 6-B under the overall co-ordination of the Lead IA. The Lead IA and
Cooperating IA have entered into a formal agreement regarding planning, reporting and responsibilities
under this Agreement to facilitate a co-ordinated implementation of the Plan, including regular coordination meetings.] The Executive Committee agrees, in principle, to provide the Lead IA and the
Cooperating IA with the fees set out in rows 2.2 and 2.4 of Appendix 2-A.
11.
Should the Country, for any reason, not meet the Targets for the elimination of the Substances set
out in row 1.2 of Appendix 2-A or otherwise does not comply with this Agreement, then the Country
agrees that it will not be entitled to the Funding in accordance with the Funding Approval Schedule. At
the discretion of the Executive Committee, funding will be reinstated according to a revised Funding
Approval Schedule determined by the Executive Committee after the Country has demonstrated that it has
satisfied all of its obligations that were due to be met prior to receipt of the next tranche of funding under
the Funding Approval Schedule. The Country acknowledges that the Executive Committee may reduce
the amount of the Funding by the amounts set out in Appendix 7-A in respect of each ODP tonne of
reductions in consumption not achieved in any one year. The Executive Committee will discuss each
specific case in which the country did not comply with this Agreement, and take related decisions. Once
these decisions are taken, this specific case will not be an impediment for future tranches as per
paragraph 5.
12.
The Funding of this Agreement will not be modified on the basis of any future Executive
Committee decision that may affect the funding of any other consumption sector projects or any other
related activities in the Country.
13.
The Country will comply with any reasonable request of the Executive Committee, the Lead IA
and the Cooperating IA to facilitate implementation of this Agreement. In particular, it will provide the
Lead IA and the Cooperating IA with access to information necessary to verify compliance with this
Agreement.
14.
The completion of the HPMP and the associated Agreement will take place at the end of the year
following the last year for which a maximum allowable total consumption has been specified in
Appendix 2-A. Should at that time activities be still outstanding which were foreseen in the Plan and its
subsequent revisions as per sub-paragraph 5(d) and paragraph 7, the completion will be delayed until the
end of the year following the implementation of the remaining activities. The reporting requirements as
per Appendix 4-A (a), (b), (d) and (e) continue until the time of the completion if not specified by the
Executive Committee otherwise.
15.
All of the agreements set out in this Agreement are undertaken solely within the context of the
Montreal Protocol and as specified in this Agreement. All terms used in this Agreement have the meaning
ascribed to them in the Montreal Protocol unless otherwise defined herein.
51
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1-A: THE SUBSTANCES
Substance
HCFC-22
HCFC-141b
HCFC 124
HCFC 142B
HCFC 123
Annex
Group
C
C
C
C
C
Starting point for aggregate reductions in consumption
(ODP tonnes)
13.16
3.25
0.048
0.064
0.137
I
I
I
1
1
APPENDIX 2-A: THE TARGETS, AND FUNDING
2011
2013
2015
2017
2020
Total
1.1
Montreal Protocol reduction schedule
of Annex C, Group I substances
(ODP tonnes)
13.240
11.916
8.606
1.2
Maximum
allowable
total
consumption of Annex C, Group I
substances (ODP tonnes)
13.240
11.916
8.606
2.1
Lead
IA
[UNDP
funding(US $)
$251,000
$57,500
$59,500
$57,000
$58,000
$483,000
]
agreed
2.2
Support costs for Lead IA(US $)
$22,590
$5,175
$ 5,355
$ 5,130
$5,220
$43,470
2.3
Cooperating IA
funding (US $)
$14,000
$33,000
$15,000
$ 10,000
$5,000
$ 77,000
$ 1,820
$ 4,290
$ 1,950
$ 1,300
$ 650
$ 10,010
2.4
[UNEP]
agreed
Support costs for Cooperating IA
(US $)
3.1
Total agreed funding (US $)
$265,000
$90,500
$74,500
$67,000
$63,000
$560,000
3.2
Total support cost (US $)
$ 24,410
$ 9,465
$ 7,305
$ 6,430
$ 5,870
$ 53,480
3.3
Total agreed costs (US $)
$289,410
$99,965
$81,805
$73,430
$68,870
$613,480
4.1.1
Total phase-out of HCFC-22 agreed to be achieved under this agreement (ODP tonnes)
4.1.2
Phase-out of HCFCs to be achieved in previously approved projects (ODP tonnes)
4.1.3
Remaining eligible consumption for HCFC-22 (ODP tonnes)
4.2.1
Total phase-out of HCFC-141B agreed to be achieved under this agreement (ODP tonnes)
4.2.2
Phase-out of HCFC-141b to be achieved in previously approved projects (ODP tonnes)
4.2.3
Remaining eligible consumption for HCFC-141b (ODP tonnes)
2.201
n/a
8.606
3.63
n/a
0
52
APPENDIX 3-A: FUNDING APPROVAL SCHEDULE
1.
Funding for the future tranches will be considered for approval not earlier than the first meeting
of the year specified in Appendix 2-A.
APPENDIX 4-A: FORMAT OF TRANCHE IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS AND PLANS
2.
The submission of the Tranche Implementation Report and Plan will consist of five parts:
(a)
A narrative report regarding the progress in the previous tranche, reflecting on the
situation of the Country in regard to phase out of the Substances, how the different
activities contribute to it and how they relate to each other. The report should further
highlight successes, experiences and challenges related to the different activities included
in the Plan, reflecting on changes in the circumstances in the country, and providing other
relevant information. The report should also include information about and justification
for any changes vis-à-vis the previously submitted tranche plan, such as delays, uses of
the flexibility for reallocation of funds during implementation of a tranche, as provided
for in paragraph 7 of this Agreement, or other changes. The narrative report will cover all
relevant years specified in sub-paragraph 5(a) of the Agreement and can in addition also
include information about activities in the current year;
(b)
A verification report of the HPMP results and the consumption of the substances
mentioned in Appendix 1-A, as per sub-paragraph 5(b) of the Agreement. If not decided
otherwise by the Executive Committee, such a verification has to be provided together
with each tranche request and will have to provide verification of the consumption for all
relevant years as specified in sub-paragraph 5(a) of the Agreement for which a
verification report has not yet been acknowledged by the Committee;
(c)
A written description of the activities to be undertaken in the next tranche, highlighting
their interdependence, and taking into account experiences made and progress achieved
in the implementation of earlier tranches. The description should also include a reference
to the overall Plan and progress achieved, as well as any possible changes to the overall
plan foreseen. The description should cover the years specified in sub-paragraph 5(d) of
the Agreement. The description should also specify and explain any revisions to the
overall plan which were found to be necessary;
(d)
A set of quantitative information for the report and plan, submitted into a database. As
per the relevant decisions of the Executive Committee in respect to the format required,
the data should be submitted online. This quantitative information, to be submitted by
calendar year with each tranche request, will be amending the narratives and description
for the report (see sub-paragraph 1(a) above) and the plan (see sub-paragraph 1(c) above),
and will cover the same time periods and activities; it will also capture the quantitative
information regarding any necessary revisions of the overall plan as per
sub-paragraph 1(c) above. While the quantitative information is required only for
previous and future years, the format will include the option to submit in addition
information regarding the current year if desired by the country and lead implementing
agency; and
(e)
An Executive Summary of about five paragraphs, summarizing the information of above
sub-paragraphs 1(a) to 1(d).
53
APPENDIX 5-A: MONITORING INSTITUTIONS AND ROLES
3.
Appendix 5-A, Monitoring Institutions and Roles, may vary from agreement to agreement.
Previous agreements entered by the Committee as reflected in the Reports of the Meetings as well as the
existing agreements for the TPMP should be referenced to provide relevant examples. The principle need
is for the appendix to provide a detailed and credible indication of how progress is to be monitored and
which organizations will be responsible for the activities. Please take into account any experiences from
implementing the TPMP, and introduce the relevant changes and improvements.
APPENDIX 6-A: ROLE OF THE LEAD IMPLEMENTING AGENCY
4.
The Lead IA will be responsible for a range of activities. These can be specified in the project
document further, but include at least the following:
(a)
Ensuring performance and financial verification in accordance with this Agreement and
with its specific internal procedures and requirements as set out in the Country’s
phase-out plan;
(b)
Assisting the Country in preparation of the Tranche Implementation Plans and
subsequent reports as per Appendix 4-A;
(c)
Providing verification to the Executive Committee that the Targets have been met and
associated annual activities have been completed as indicated in the Tranche
Implementation Plan consistent with Appendix 4-A;
(d)
Ensuring that the experiences and progress is reflected in updates of the overall Plan and
in future Tranche Implementation Plans consistent with sub-paragraphs 1(c) and 1(d) of
Appendix 4-A;
(e)
Fulfilling the reporting requirements for the tranches and the overall Plan as specified in
Appendix 4-A as well as project completion reports for submission to the Executive
Committee. The reporting requirements include the reporting about activities undertaken
by the Cooperating IA;
(f)
Ensuring that appropriate independent technical experts carry out the technical reviews;
(g)
Carrying out required supervision missions;
(h)
Ensuring the presence of an operating mechanism to allow effective, transparent
implementation of the Tranche Implementation Plan and accurate data reporting;
(i)
Co-ordinating the activities of the Cooperating IA, and ensuring appropriate sequence of
activities;
(j)
In case of reductions in funding for failure to comply in accordance with paragraph 11 of
the Agreement, to determine, in consultation with the Country and the co-ordinating
implementing agencies, the allocation of the reductions to the different budget items and
to the funding of each implementing or bilateral agency involved;
(k)
Ensuring that disbursements made to the Country are based on the use of the indicators;
and
(l)
Providing assistance with policy, management and technical support when required.
54
5.
After consultation with the Country and taking into account any views expressed, the Lead IA
will select and mandate an independent organization to carry out the verification of the HPMP results and
the consumption of the substances mentioned in Appendix 1-A, as per sub-paragraph 5(b) of the
Agreement and sub-paragraph 1(b) of Appendix 4-A.
APPENDIX 6-B: ROLE OF COOPERATING IMPLEMENTING AGENCY
6.
The Cooperating IA will be responsible for a range of activities. These activities can be specified
in the respective project document further, but include at least the following:
(a)
Providing policy development assistance when required;
(b)
Assisting the Country in the implementation and assessment of the activities funded by
the Cooperating IA, and refer to the Lead IA to ensure a co-ordinated sequence in the
activities; and
(c)
Providing reports to the Lead IA on these activities, for inclusion in the consolidated
reports as per Appendix 4-A.
APPENDIX 7-A: REDUCTIONS IN FUNDING FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY
7.
In accordance with paragraph 11 of the Agreement, the amount of funding provided may be
reduced by US $2,000 per ODP tonne of consumption beyond the level defined in row 1.2 of Appendix 2A for each year in which the target specified in row 1.2 of Appendix 2-A has not been met.
APPENDIX 8-A: SECTOR SPECIFIC ARRANGEMENTS
____
55