FINAL EXAM REVIEW
GRG-305, Prof. Adams
Fall 2007
Note: the exam will be held in WEL 1.308, the regular class room
It will be 9:00 am - 12:00 noon, Monday, Dec. 17
This review sheet should be used along with the other two review sheets to study for the final
exam. You are responsible for all of the material introduced in the course, although the emphasis
in the final exam will be on the last third of the course. The topics introduced in the short
presentations by the TAs to the entire class will be included.
You WILL NOT BE TESTED ON chapters 5, 8 & 12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
How does geography differ from sciences like psychology, biology, and geology?
What kind of perspective on the world, generally speaking, qualifies as “geographical”?
What are some major areas of interest within Human Geography?
What are three general types of culture regions? (give an example of each)
What are four general types of diffusion? (give an example of each)
Give 3 examples of mentifacts, artifacts and sociofacts.
How does the global distribution of religions shape the production of meat?
How does 19th century colonialism relate to the current political outlook in the Middle East
and Africa?
9. Why does language often diffuse hierarchically while agricultural innovations more often
demonstrate contagious expansion diffusion?
10. Why do cultural innovations tend to arrive at College Station somewhat later than they arrive
in Austin?
11. What are some of the key theorists in the areas of political geography, demography, and
urban geography?
12. What region(s) of the world currently have a high-consumption, resource-intensive lifestyle?
13. How does economic restructuring affect the type of jobs most common in a society?
14. Explain why the “service economy” is best understood as “economically polarized.”
15. The term “postindustrial” suggests that a society has moved beyond its dependence on
industry (secondary industries, in our vocabulary). Why is this a false impression?
16. Where is the industrial pollution caused by making the products for a “postindustrial”
society?
17. What is the “international division of labor”?
18. Explain what is meant by the “greenhouse effect”
19. Explain some of the indications that global warming is occurring.
20. What are some characteristics of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)?
21. What are some signs that endocrine disruptors are affecting people?
22. Name industries that locate close to the following: raw materials, inexpensive labor, highly
trained labor, markets, an energy source.
23. Where is the old industrial core of the US and what is this area called now?
24. Why are many Nigerians resentful of the oil industry in their country?
25. What are some of the ways human activities endanger wild animal populations?
26. What is the connection between global warming and decreased human fertility? (hint: neither
causes the other but both arise from a certain set of sociofacts and mentifacts)
27. Give a full account (in general terms) of the range of current environmental problems
introduced in Chapter 9.
28. What is wrong with the map of “environmental sustainability” on pp.316-317?
29. What causes the thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere and what are the
consequences of this thinning?
30. What causes acid rain and what regions of North America are most affected by this problem?
31. Why is it harder than it once was to understand the environmental and social impacts of our
actions?
32. If a metropolitan area can be considered to be a culture region, it would be (primarily) what
kind of culture region? Would other types apply? Why or why not?
33. List the earliest urban hearths and their locations.
34. What is the link between urban life and the idea of civilization?
35. Describe some characteristics of the earliest cities.
36. What is urbanization?
37. Did early cities have a ritual/religious function? Give an example and explain.
38. How might the emergence of cities have been stimulated by the need for irrigation in certain
environments?
39. How is the goal of self-defense reflected in the structure of early cities?
40. Explain the role of transportation infrastructure (rivers, canals, railroads, roads, airports, etc.)
in determining where cities will emerge and grow, giving examples from different periods of
U.S. history.
41. Why would a peninsula be an advantageous site for a city in 2000 BC?
42. Why would a peninsula be an advantageous site for a city in 1800 AD?
43. Why was New York city’s situation advantageous during the colonial era?
44. Why did a major city emerge at the southwest extremity of Lake Michigan?
45. How did time-space compression affect the growth of that city?
46. Explain three models of urban morphology: zone, sector, and multi-nucleated
47. What causes sectors to form?
48. What causes zones to form?
49. What causes “leapfrog” development beyond the edge of previous urban development?
50. Explain how American cities induce people to use the automobile
51. What is the connection between urban growth and economic restructuring?
52. In what ways is the US the dominant country in the world at this point in history?
53. If the average American were to directly pay someone in China or Central America for a
month of labor, how long would the American have to work to earn enough money to do
this?
54. How are labor conditions different in the places where our clothing is made?
NEW MAP KNOWLEDGE:
1. the equator, the Tropic of Cancer, the Tropic of Capricorn
2. difference between latitude lines (parallels) and longitude lines (meridians)
3. culture hearths of urbanization (p.338)
4. location of the traditional manufacturing region of the United States (p.302)
5. Atlas (new maps to know, by map number not page) 47, 50- 54, 59-61
NEW VOCABULARY
from A to Z:
1. acid rain
2. agricultural
surplus
3. amenities
4. anti-urban
ideologies
5. back office
6. CBD
7. centrifugal
forces
8. ceremonial
center (city as-)
9. concentric zone
model
10. deforestation
11. economic
restructuring
12. ecotourism
13. endocrine
disruptors
14. environmental
scientist
15. exurban
development
16. Federal
Highways Act
17. FHA
18. gated community
19. gentrification
20. GIS
21. global warming
22. globalization
23. greenfield
24. groundwater
25. habitat loss
26. hydraulic
civilization
27. model
28. independent
invention
29. industrial
agglomeration
30. industrial
location factors
31. industrial
revolution
32. Levitt
33. multiple nuclei
model (of city)
34. nonrenewable
resources
35. ozone depletion
36. POPs
37. postindustrial
economy
38. postwar housing
39. primary
industries
40. quaternary
industries
41. quinary
industries
42. radioactive
pollution
43. remote sensing
44. renewable
resources
45. resource
depletion
46. secondary
industries
47. sector model (of
city)
48. soil erosion
49. sprawl
50. sustainability
51. tertiary
industries
52. urban
decentralization
53. urban ethnic
enclaves
54. urban hearth
areas
55. urban
morphology
56. urban site
57. urban situation
58. urban system
59. urbanization
60. white flight
61. wind power
62. zonal model