SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL IDEAS 6.2
Energy interacts with matter
When atoms absorb _________ electrons in the atom can jump to ______
energy levels. The atom has moved from its ______ state to an _______
state.
Molecules are also affected by radiation. Different amounts of ______ affect
the molecule in different ways. More energy is required to make the molecule
rotate than to _________. The largest amount of energy will be __________
energy which can make electrons move between electronic ______ levels.
All types of energy are _________ which means that only _____ levels can
exist. The lowest level is called the ______ state.
Different energy changes for different parts of the spectrum
The gap between ____________ energy levels corresponds to the infra-red
part of the spectrum. This is sensed as ____ when the bonds in _________ in
our skin are made to vibrate.
In the microwave region, which is _____ energy (and lower _________) the
molecules will ______. The _______ amount of energy is required for
electronic changes. Therefore these happen if _______ or ultraviolet
_________ is used.
Any changes in energy levels (of any sort) will have a _____ of energies
possible to make the change. The actual value will depend on the _________
involved and the ________ of the bonds between _____. Eg compounds
containing C – F bonds will absorb ________ of a higher energy than
compounds containing ______ or ______ bonds.
What kind of electronic changes occur when molecules absorb
ultraviolet radiation?
The gaps between energy ______ in atoms correspond to the energy of
_______ or ultraviolet radiation. When an atom absorbs _______ of visible or
__________ radiation electrons _____ to higher energy levels.
This can also happen in molecules. The electrons in a molecule (whether they
are _________ or non-bonding electrons) are in ________energy levels.
What happens in a molecule (eg chlorine, Cl2) depends on the amount of
______ involved. The molecules may ionise, __________ or just release the
energy.
1.
2.
3.
Electrons are _______ to a higher energy level, and fall back later (the
remaining light energy that is not ________ looks green)
The atoms in the molecule break apart (called ____________) to
produce ________. Further reactions will probably occur because
radicals are very ________. This is because the ______ energy used
has prevented the bonding electrons from holding the ________
together.
Very high energy _______ can make the molecules _______ so much
energy that an _______ will leave. The molecule is _______ to
produce a ________ ion.