Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.1 The Atomic Theory of Matter (problem #1)
Summarize Dalton’s Theory
Law of conservation of mass
Law of multiple proportions
2.2 The Discovery of Atomic Structure (problems #5, 7, 9, 10)
subatomic particles and behavior of charged particles
Cathode Rays and Electrons
Summarize Thomson’s experiment using cathode rays (Fig 2.4)
Summarize Millikan’s oil drop experiment (Fig 2.5)
Radioactivity
Summarize behavior of alpha, beta, and gamma (Fig 2.8)
The Nuclear Atom
Summarize Rutherford’s gold foil experiment
2.3 The Modern View of Atomic Structure (problems #13, 17)
proton, neutron, electron, atomic mass unit
Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers
Isotopes
Atomic number
Mass number
Nuclide
2.4 Atomic Weights (problems #23)
The Atomic Mass Scale
Average Atomic Masses
Calculating atomic mass
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.5 The Periodic Table (problem #31)
group vs. period
Group / family names (Table 2.3)
metals, nonmetals, metalloids
2.6 Molecules and Molecular Compounds (problems #33, 39)
Molecules and Chemical Formulas
Diatomic molecules
Molecular compounds
Molecular and Empirical Formulas
Molecular formulas
Empirical formulas
Picturing Molecules
Structural formula
2.7 Ions and Ionic Compounds (problems #43, 45, 47, 49)
ion
cation
anion
polyatomic ions
Predicting Ionic Charges
Know trend in Fig 2.22
Ionic Compounds
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.8 Naming Inorganic Compounds (problems #51, 54, 56, 58, 59, 62)
Names and Formulas of Ionic Compounds
1) Positive Ions (Cations)
a) Cations formed form metal atoms have the same name as the metal. (give examples)
b) If a metal can form cations of differing charges (aka, polyvalent ions), the positive
charge is given by a Roman numeral in parentheses following the name of the metal.
(give examples)
Give examples of an older method still widely used that uses –ous or –ic endings:
c) Cations formed from nonmetal atoms have names that end in –ium. (give examples)
2) Negative Ions (Anions)
a) Monoatomic (one-atom) anions have names formed by replacing the ending of the
name of the element with –ide. (give examples)
b) Polyatomic (many-atom) anions containing oxygen (oxyanions) have names ending
in –ate or –ite. (give examples)
Copy the formulas and names of the four oxyanions of chlorine (see Fig 2.26):
c) Anions derived by adding H+ to an oxyanion are named by adding as a prefix the
word hydrogen or dihydrogen. (give examples)
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
3) Ionic Compounds
Names of ionic compounds consist of the cation name followed by the anion name. (give
examples)
Names and Formulas of Acids
1) Acids based on anions whose names end in –ide. (give examples)
2) Acids based on anions whose names end in –ate or –ite. (give the four examples)
Names and Formulas of Binary Molecular Compounds (give examples)
2.9 Some Simple Organic Compounds (problems #64, 66)
Alkanes (define and give examples)
Some Derivatives of Alkanes
Alcohol (give examples)
Alkene (give example)
Carboxylic acid (give example)