Musculoskeletal Trauma – Learning Guide
1. What is the difference between a strain and a sprain? (p. 1630)
2. Describe the prevention and acute intervention for strains and sprains (p.1631)
a.
Prevention
b.
Acute intervention
3. What are the clinical manifestations and complications of joint dislocation and how
are they treated? (p.1632)
a. Manifestations
b. Complications
c. Treatment
4. Define the following types of fractures: (p.1636)
a. Open (compound)
b. Closed
c. Unstable
d. Avulsion
e. Comminuted
f. Greenstick
g. Longitudinal
h. Oblique
i. Pathologic
j. Spiral
k. Stress
l. Transverse
5. Describe the steps of bone healing including time frames: (p.1636-1637)
a. Hematoma formation
b. Granulation tissue
c. Callus formation
d. Ossification
e. Consolidation
f. Remodeling
6. What factors contribute to non union or delayed union? (p.1638)
7. Describe and explain the purpose for each of the following interventions for fractures
and explain appropriate nursing responsibilities: (p.1638-1641)
a. Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF)
b. Skin traction
c. Skeletal traction
d. Casts
e. Electrical stimulation
8. Explain and designate nursing responsibilities related to each of the following
diagnostic procedures: (p.1625)
a. Myelogram with or without contrast
b. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
c. Bone scan
d. Arthroscopy
9. What types of medications might be used for clients with fractures? (p.1641)
10. Describe an appropriate diet for a client with a fracture. What nutritional
supplements are necessary? (p.1641)
11. Describe the elements of a neurovascular assessment. (p.1642)
a.
Vascular
b.
Neurological
12. Describe each of the following problems associated with musculoskeletal injuries and
describe appropriate nursing interventions: (p.1649)
a. muscle atrophy
b. contracture
c. foot drop
d. muscle spasms
13. What is compartment syndrome? (p.1650)
a. What can cause it?
b. What are signs and symptoms?
c. How is it treated?
14. Designate the signs and symptoms and treatment for the following complications of
fractures: (p.1650-1651)
a. Venous thrombosis
b. Fat embolism
15. Complete the following related to fractured hip: (p.1653)
a. Clinical manifestations
b. Treatment
c. Post-op nursing assessment
d. Post-op positioning
e. Activity level
f.
Complications
g. Teaching
16. Designate the appropriate outcomes and interventions for the following nursing
diagnoses related to amputation. (p.1658-1652)
a. Risk for infection
Outcome
Interventions
b. R/F impaired skin integrity
Outcome
Interventions
c. Disturbed Body Image
Outcome
Interventions
d. Impaired Physical Mobility
Outcome
Interventions
17. What is phantom limb sensation? (p.1660)
18. What is arthroplasty and what joints can it be used for? (p.1662-1664)
19. Describe post op care for hip arthroplasty. (p.1663)
20. Complete the following related to osteomyelitis (P>1668-1672)
a. What can cause direct and indirect entry of microorganisms into the bone?
direct
indirect
b. Describe the pathological process.
c. What are the clinical manifestations? Include both systemic and local.
Systemic
Local
d. Describe chronic osteomyelitis
e. What is the treatment for osteomyelitis?
f.
What are complications of osteomyelitis?