I.
Introduction to Ocular Trauma
A.
B.
II.
Contusion: lid avulsion
2.
Was an optometrist helpful?
The role of the optometrist in trauma care
Ocular injuries as a public health issue
1.
Where do patients access eye injury care?
2.
ED eye care consultation, how readily available?
B.
Common injuries with minor severity
C.
Ocular & orbital injuries: US hospitalization rates
D.
IV.
1.
Review of Ocular Trauma Epidemiological Data
A.
III.
Typical ocular trauma case
1.
Incidence 13.4 to 71 per 100,000
2.
Top three trauma admissions
a)
open wound of eye
b)
open wound of adnexa
c)
orbital blowout fracture
United States Eye Injury Registry (USEIR)
1.
Selective reporting
2.
Database results: trends in ocular injury
a)
Type of injury
b)
Initial vision
Traumatic Eye Emergencies
1.
Chemical burn
2.
Orbital compartment syndrome
3.
Potentially urgent conditions
4.
What about central retinal artery occlusion?
Standardized Ocular Trauma Terminology
A.
Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System (BETTS)
1.
Why standardize the terminology?
2.
Terms and definitions
3.
Open globe injuries
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Ocular Trauma: Tips & Terminology
4.
B.
a)
Rupture
b)
Laceration
i.
Penetration
ii.
IOFB (Intraocular foreign body)
iii.
Peforation
Closed globe injuries
a)
Contusion
b)
Lamellar laceration
Ocular Trauma Score (OTS)
1. Evidenced based prognosis prediction
2. Six variables
V.
Emergency Department Case Presentations
A.
B.
C.
Facial trauma
1.
Life-Eye-Orbit: Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
2.
Blunt facial trauma without ocular complication
3.
Blunt facial trauma with orbital fractures
Domestic violence
1.
More commonly encountered in ED
2.
How to stay focus and perform your role
Ocular trauma
1.
Open globe injuries
a)
b)
2.
Ruptured globe
i.
Post-op Seidel
ii.
Ocular Trauma as a disease
Penetrating injury
i.
Rooster peck
ii.
Are toy guns harmless?
iii.
Late complications
Closed globe injuries
a)
Contusions
i.
Hemorrhagic chemosis
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b)
3.
4.
5.
VI.
VII.
ii.
Traumatic uveitis
iii.
Hyphema
iv.
Iridodialysis
v.
Lens trauma
vi.
Choroidal rupture
vii.
Retinal contusions
Lamellar laceration
Ocular and adnexal surface injuries
a)
Corneal foreign body
b)
Thermal burns
i.
Fireworks
ii.
Curling iron burn
Eyebrow and eyelid injuries
a)
Brow laceration
b)
Lid avulsion
Orbital fractures and foreign bodies
a)
CT imaging in ocular and orbital trauma
b)
Orbital floor fracture
c)
Naso-ethmoid fracture
d)
Medial fracture
e)
Intraorbital foreign body
Conclusion
A.
Final case presentation: CSF rhinorrhea
B.
Closing statements
1.
Believe in your expertise
2.
Life – Eye - Orbit
3.
Integrating optometry into the hospital medical community
4.
Consideration for credentialing to provide ED consultation
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Ocular Trauma: Tips & Terminology
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