Hazard
Communication
GENERAL
Updated to include NEW Global
Harmonization Standard (GHS)
1
Introduction
The purpose of this training is to familiarize you
with the Occupational Health and Safety
Administration’s (OSHA) Hazard Communication
standard 29 CFR 1910.1200
&
Alaska’s standard
8 AAC 61.1110
(adds the requirement to include physical agents)
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Overview
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What is Hazard Communication?
What are the program requirements?
Hazards of non-routine work
Training requirements
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) & Safety
Data Sheets (SDS)
• Physical Agent Data Sheets (PADS)
• Labeling
• What are the hazards?
•
•
•
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Health & Physical
Other
Routes of exposure/entry
Protective measures
Inventory requirements
What now?
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Hazard Communication
• OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR
1910.1200 – “Right to Know” went into effect in
November 1985. Often referred to as “Hazcom.”
• OSHA has revised the Hazard Communication
Standard to be more in line with global systems.
The new Globally Harmonized System (GHS)
standardizes safety data sheets and uses
pictograms that can be understood regardless of
a person’s native language.
• The purpose of Hazcom is to ensure that
information concerning hazards associated with
the workplace is transmitted to employees.
• You, as an employee, have a Right to Know about the
hazards in your work area and the potential effects of
these hazards upon your health and safety.
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Hazard Communication
It may seem easy enough to expect chemicals
and physical hazards to be in labs, shops, and
maintenance areas, however hazards can also be
found in offices, classrooms, and other work
areas.
These may include:
Copier/printer toners
Dry erase cleaners
Cleaning chemicals, sprays
Vibration
Noise
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Hazard Communication
• Hazardous materials (chemical products) and
physical agents (radiation, lasers, vibration, etc.)
can be found anywhere. It has been estimated
that over a half million chemical products are
used by business and industry every year. Some
of these hazards pose little danger to you, while
others may be deadly.
• Modern manufacturing would not be possible
without chemicals and processes. However, like
machinery or electrical equipment, you must
know how to use chemicals safely.
• The first step in using chemicals and processes
safely is to recognize those materials and
processes that may be hazardous to your health
or physical safety.
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Program Requirements
The OSHA Hazcom Standard is composed of 5 key
elements which are:
• Written Program - A written program must be
developed which ties together all of the elements below.
• Safety Data Sheets - Detailed descriptions of each
hazardous material listed on the Materials Inventory.
• Labeling - Containers of hazardous materials must have
labels which identify the material and warn of its
potential hazard to employees.
• Training - All employees must be trained to identify and
work safely with hazardous materials.
• Materials Inventory and Hazard Assessment - A list
of the hazardous materials and other physical hazards
present in your work area.
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Program Requirements
Written program must include:
• Employee training information
• Information regarding non-routine hazards
• Methods of informing employees who work for other
employers (contractors)
The written UAF Hazcom Program is accessible at:
http://www.uaf.edu/safety/industrial-hygiene/hazardcommunication/
A site specific plan is required to be completed by
individual departments (see template at the above link).
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Hazards of
Non-Routine Tasks
Periodically, employees may be required to perform
hazardous tasks that are non-routine.
Prior to starting work on such projects
•
Affected employees must be given information by their
supervisor on the hazards to which they may be exposed
while performing such tasks.
This information will cover:
•
Specific hazards
•
Measures the company has taken to reduce the risk of these
hazards, such as providing ventilation, ensuring the presence
of another employee, providing a respiratory protection
program, and establishing emergency procedures
•
Required protective/safety measures
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Training Requirements
• Employee training is an integral part of the Hazcom
program and must be provided:
•
At the time of initial assignment
•
Whenever a new hazard is introduced into the workplace, and
•
When employees may be exposed to workplace hazards
created by another employer at the worksite (a contractor)
• Hazcom– General overview training
•
This PowerPoint presentation serves as a general overview of
the UAF Hazcom program.
• Hazcom– Site specific training
•
In addition to this general overview training you are to
receive site specific training from your supervisor.
•
This training will include specific hazards in your work area,
contents of unlabeled pipes, and methods to reduce hazards
(engineering controls, administrative controls, product
substitution, and personal protective equipment).
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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Current Format
&
Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
New format required by June 1, 2015
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MSDS & SDS
• Reference that identifies
chemical characteristics
and hazards
• Safety Data Sheets are
available for ALL of the
hazardous materials
present in your work
areas
• Each department, lab or
shop maintains an
MSDS/SDS file
• Must be accessible to all
employees whenever
they are in their work
area
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SDS Information
Hazcom requires chemical manufacturers,
distributors, or importers to provide Safety Data
Sheets (SDSs) (formerly known as Material Safety
Data Sheets or MSDSs) to communicate the
hazards of hazardous chemical products.
As of June 1, 2015, the HCS will require new SDSs
to be in a standard 16 section format, and include
the section numbers, the headings, and associated
information under the headings.
Departments can maintain either the MSDS or SDS
from the transition phase to the effective
completion date of June 1, 2015.
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SDS Information
Section 1 - Identification includes product identifier; manufacturer
or distributor name, address, phone number; emergency phone number;
recommended use; and any restrictions on use.
Section 2 - Hazard(s) Identification includes all hazards
regarding the chemical; and lists required label elements.
Section 3 - Composition/Information on Ingredients includes
information on chemical ingredients, including trade secret claims.
Section 4 - First-Aid Measures includes important symptoms,
acute effects, delayed affects, and required treatment.
Section 5 - Fire-Fighting Measures lists suitable extinguishing
techniques and equipment; and hazardous chemical hazards that may be
produced during a fire.
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures lists emergency
procedures, protective equipment, and proper methods of containment
and cleanup.
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SDS Information
Section 7 - Handling and Storage lists precautions for safe handling
and storage, including incompatibilities.
Section 8 - Exposure Controls/Personal Protection lists OSHA’s
Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs), Threshold Limit Values (TLVs),
appropriate engineering controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE).
Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties lists the
chemical’s characteristics.
Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity lists chemical stability
and possibility of hazardous reactions.
Section 11 - Toxicological Information includes routes of
exposure, related symptoms, acute and chronic effects, and numerical
measures of toxicity.
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SDS Information
Section 12 - Ecological Information include effects of chemical
if released into the environment, and describes the chemical’s
environmental fate.
Section 13 - Disposal Considerations list proper procedures for
disposal.
Section 14 - Transport Information provides shipping
information
Section 15 - Regulatory Information provides information on
regulations affecting the chemical.
Section 16 - Other information includes the date of preparation or
last revision.
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How to find MSDS/SDS
• Ask your supervisor or manager where the
MSDS/SDS are located in your work area or
contact EHSRM for assistance.
• Take time to read the MSDS/SDS which describe
the hazardous materials present in your work
area.
• Remember, knowing where MSDS/SDS are
located and how to use them is your
responsibility. It is part of your job.
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Physical Agents
Alaska OSHAs addition requirements for Hazcom
include exposure to physical agents which exceed
specific thresholds. Physical Agent Data Sheets
(PADS) can be found at http://labor.alaska.gov/lss/pads/pads.htm
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Heat Stress
Cold Stress
Lasers
Hand-Arm Vibration
• Ionizing Radiation
• Noise
• Radio Frequency
Radiation
• Ultraviolet Radiation
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Labeling
What must be labeled?
• ALL hazardous materials MUST be labeled. Labels
must appear either on the container itself, the
batch ticket, placard, or the process sheets.
• Exception: Labeling is not required on portable
containers into which hazardous chemicals are
transferred from labeled containers, and which
are intended only for the immediate use of the
employee who performs the transfer.
Unlabeled containers MUST NOT be left unattended
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Labeling
Primary Label Information
OSHA requires that the following information be
included on ALL labels:
• Identity of hazardous chemical(s)
• Appropriate hazard warnings, or alternatively, words,
pictures, symbols, or combination thereof,
•
which provide at least general information regarding the hazards
of the chemicals,
•
and which, in conjunction with the other information immediately
available to employees under the Hazcom program,
•
will provide employees with the specific information regarding the
health and physical hazards of the hazardous chemical
• Name and address of the chemical manufacturer,
importer, or other responsible party
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Labeling
New SDS Primary Label Information
OSHA has updated the requirements for labeling of
hazardous chemicals under its Hazcom Standard
(HCS).
As of June 1, 2015, all labels will be required to
have:
•Pictograms
•Signal words
•Hazard and precautionary statements
•Product identifier
•Supplier identification
(see next slide for example)
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Labeling
Pictograms
Examples of GHS Pictograms you will see on new labels
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Labeling
Pictograms
Examples of GHS Pictograms you will see on new labels
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Labeling
Pictograms
Examples of GHS Pictograms you will see on new labels
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Labeling
• Primary labels warn of
potential dangers.
• Primary labels are not
intended
to be the sole source of
information.
• Labels serve only as an immediate warning. See
MSDS/SDS for detailed information.
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Labeling
• Ensure labels do not come off,
become smudged
or unreadable.
• For hard-to-label containers,
use:
•
•
Signs or placards
Process sheets, or batch tickets
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Labeling
Be able to quickly identify the general hazard of any
material. Hazardous Materials Information System
(HMIS) is one method of labeling.
• HMIS system identifies:
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•
•
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Health hazards
Flammability hazards
Physical hazards
PPE
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Labeling
Key Words
As you read labels, you will see key words which
signal you that you should take extra care when
handling a particular hazardous material. These key
words include:
CAUTION
WARNING
DANGER
MODERATE RISK
MAJOR RISK
SERIOUS RISK
For example, the key word "DANGER" means:
• Immediate harm, long term effects, or death may occur.
• Chemicals may be toxic, corrosive, or flammable.
• Protective equipment and/or clothing may be required.
Refer to Signs and Tags training
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Labeling
UAF Approved Labeling System
UAF Currently uses a labeling combination of:
• Primary Labeling
• Maintaining labels provided by the manufacturers or
suppliers
• Hazardous Material Information System (HMIS)
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
• Fisher
• Mallinckrodt Baker
• Department of Transportation (DOT)
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Health Hazards
Health hazards may cause health
effects upon exposure.
• Your supervisor must instruct you on the health
hazards for the chemicals in your work area
• Health hazard information is also found on the
MSDS (Section 5) or SDS (Section 2 and 11).
• You should know where to find the MSDS/SDS
file in the areas you work.
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Health Hazards
• Health hazards include –
•
•
•
•
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Sensitizers
Toxic substances
Irritants
Carcinogens
Agents which damage lungs, skin, eyes, or mucus
membranes
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Health Hazards
•
A chemical that can have acute or chronic health
effects is a health hazard. The following is a
brief description of types of chemicals with
major health hazards and their appropriate
pictogram.
Corrosives - cause tissue damage and burns on
contact with the skin and eyes
Primary Irritants - cause intense redness or
swelling of the skin or eyes on contact, but with
no permanent tissue damage
Sensitizers - cause an allergic skin or lung
reaction
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Health Hazards
Acutely Toxic Materials - cause an adverse
effect, even at a very low dose
Carcinogens - may cause cancer
Teratogens - may cause birth defects
Organ-Specific Hazards - may cause damage
to specific organ systems, such as the blood,
liver, lungs, or reproductive system
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Physical hazards
include any chemical that is a:
Combustible
liquid
Compressed gas
Explosive
Flammable
Oxidizer
Unstable (reactive)
Pyrophoric
Water reactive
Organic
peroxide
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Other Types of Hazards
• “Simple Asphyxiant” Hazards – a substance or
mixture that displaces oxygen in the ambient
atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in
those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and
death.
• “Combustable Dust” Hazards - dusts that may cause
a deflagration, other fires, or an explosion. These dusts
include, but are not limited to: metal, wood, coal,
plastic, adhesives, biosolids, sugar, flour, paper, etc.
• “Pyrophoric Gas” Hazards - a chemical in a gaseous
state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a
temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) or less.
• Hazards not Otherwise Classified - an adverse
physical or health effect that does not meet the
specified criteria for the physical and health hazard
classes already defined.
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Routes of Exposure/Entry
• Routes of exposure/entry:
• Absorption – skin & eyes
• Ingestion – direct & indirect
• Inhalation/Aspiration
• Injection
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Protective Measures
Your department-specific Hazcom plan MUST
include specific protective measures implemented
to protect employees form hazards in the
workplace. These include:
• Methods and Observations
Methods and observations that may be used to detect the
presence or release of a hazardous chemical in the work area
(such as monitoring conducted by a person, continuous
monitoring devices, visual appearance or odor of hazardous
chemicals when being released, etc.)
• Physical and Health Hazards
The physical, health, simple asphyxiation, combustible dust
and pyrophoric gas hazards, as well as hazards not otherwise
classified, of the chemicals in the work area
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Protective Measures
• Engineering controls
Well designed work areas minimize exposure to materials
which are hazardous. Examples of engineering controls include
exhaust systems and wetting systems to control dust.
• Work practices
Safe work practices will insure that chemicals are used
correctly and safely.
• Product Substitution
Because many chemicals do similar jobs, it is important to
select chemicals that do a good job, while being less toxic.
• Personal protective equipment
Respirators, eye protection, gloves, aprons, and other
protective equipment and clothing are designed to protect you
while you work - USE THEM!
• Emergency Procedures
Specific emergency procedures established to protect
employees.
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Materials Inventory
• Your supervisor will prepare and keep current an
inventory list of all known hazards present in
your workplace.
• Specific information on each listed hazardous
substance/agent can be obtained by reviewing
the MSDS/SDS/PADS.
Hazardous Substance Inventory – List Sample
Hazardous Substance
Operation/Work Area
MSDS/SDS
Trichloroethylene
Degreaser - Finish Dept.
Complete
Muriatic Acid
Metal Stripper – Prep
Dept.
Incomplete
Acetone
Manufacturing Area
Complete
Sample
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What Now?
• Know the location and availability of your
workplace-specific written program, chemical
and physical hazards/agents inventory and
MSDS/SDS files.
• Know what personal protective equipment (PPE)
you will need when dealing with hazards.
• Speak with your supervisor about chemicalspecific and site specific Hazcom training.
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What Now?
•
Knowing how to work safely with chemicals and
other physical agents is an important activity.
•
Completing online and site-specific training, and
understanding your materials inventory and
workplace MSDS/SDS/PADS, can help you be
both safe and compliant.
•
You have a right to know, but you also have a
responsibility to use the knowledge and skills to
work safely.
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EHSRM Hazcom Contact
Information
• Hazmat Supervisor
Richard Deck, 474-5617
• Industrial Hygienist
Tracey Martinson, 474-6771
• Safety Officers
Gary Beaudette, 474-2763
Thadd Williamson, 474-2762
Kim Knudsen, 474-5476
Main Office Line: 474-5413
Fax: 474-5489
Email: UAF-EHSRM@alaska.edu
Website: www.uaf.edu/safety
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