Measurement of
the Contribution of Tourism to Development
at the Local Levels
(The Municipality, The City, and The Province)
Discussion by
Romulo A. Virola,
Luzviminda Mitra, Aileen Oliveros &Regina S. Reyes
National Statistical Coordination Board
National Tourism Statistics Conference (NTSC)
16-17 February 2012, Manila Diamond Hotel
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OUTLINE
I.
Introduction
A. Importance of Tourism, Statistics & Tourism
Statistics
B. Institutional partnerships in the generation of
tourism statistics in the Philippines
II. The surveys in Dauis, Iloilo City & Cebu
A. Best Survey Practices Adopted
B. Some Questions For Similar Future Surveys
III. The Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts (PTSA) &
the Three Surveys
IV. What next?
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I. INTRODUCTION
Importance of Tourism, Statistics & Tourism Statistics
 Economic contribution of Tourism is recognized
worldwide




income generation
employment generation
Investment generation
foreign exchange generation
 Countries like France, Thailand, thrive on tourism
with share to GDP of 6.3% (2006), and 6.7% (2007),
respectively
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I. INTRODUCTION
In the Philippines,
For the years 2000 to 2010, tourism contributed on the average,
about 5.8 percent to GDP
Share of TDGVA to total! GDP, 2000-2010
10,000,000
6.0%
9,000,000
8,000,000
In m illion Php
.
5.9%
7,000,000
6,000,000
5.9 %
5.9 %
5.9 %
5.8 %
5.9 %
5.9 %
5.9 %
5.8 %
5,000,000
5.8%
4,000,000
5.8 %
5.7%
3,000,000
5.7%
5.7%
2,000,000
1,000,000
0
5.6%
2000
2001
2002
2003
TDGVA
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2004
2005
GDP
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
% share
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I. INTRODUCTION
In the Philippines
For the years 2000-2010, tourism contributed on the average,
about 9.7 per cent to total employment!
Source of basic data: Labor Force Survey, NSO
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I. INTRODUCTION
Importance of Tourism, Statistics & Tourism Statistics
 However, we have not succeeded in benefiting
from the enormous potential of Tourism
 Tourism is now given greater recognition in the PDP
as one of the key drivers of our economic growth
 The international development community has
recognized
 The critical role of statistics towards evidencebased decision-making, towards informed
decisions, and
 That better statistics contribute to better
development outcomes
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I. INTRODUCTION
Importance of Tourism, Statistics & Tourism Statistics
 To be able to maximize the contribution of tourism
to development,
 We need Statistics
 We need Tourism statistics
 We need Tourism statistics at the local level ( in
tourist destination areas)
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I. INTRODUCTION
Institutional Partnerships
Philippine Statistical System (PSS)
8

A decentralized system - policy-making body, data producers, users,
research and training institutions, and data providers

The PSS is the government-wide system of providing statistical
information and services to the public.
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I. INTRODUCTION
Institutional Partnerships
Role of DOT, NSCB, LGUs, Academe, & Policy makers
 Data Producers:
 DOT, NSO, LGUs
 Statistical Training, Education and Research Institutions:
 SRTC, theAcademe
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 The policy-making and coordinating body:
 NSCB
 Several statistical coordination mechanismsIAC-TS
 Compiler of GDP and poverty statistics
 Compiler of Sexy Statistics
 Spearheads the formulation of the Philippine
Statistical Development Program (PSDP)
 Compiler of the Philippine Tourism Satellite
Accounts (PTSA) with the DOT
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I. INTRODUCTION
Institutional Partnerships
Importance of LGU initiatives in
the generation of statistics:
 Decentralization has empowered LGUs
 LGUs need statistics for local development
planning, local policy formulation
 LGUs know best what statistics they need to
respond to the information requirements of the
priority programs in their development agenda
 National statistical agencies and national
agencies have limited resources
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I. INTRODUCTION
Philippine Statistical Development Program (PSDP)
Statistical programs identified in the PSDP 2011 – 2017 for the
TOURISM chapter under the Local-level statistics development:
 Development of mechanisms to generate local
tourism statistics in key/priority tourist destination
areas such as the local visitor surveys and
improvement of the basic tourism databases of LGUS
 Implementation of various statistical coordination
mechanisms at the local level such as interagency
cooperation among agencies for data sharing,
enhancement of Local Governance Performance
Management System, and development and
publication of a Guidebook for Local Tourism Office
Operations
 Development of Regional TSAs or TSA in specific
tourism destinations
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I. INTRODUCTION
Institutional Partnerships
 Commend DOT and JICA for spearheading the
Visitor Survey at the local levels
 Congratulate Dauis, Iloilo City and Cebu for their
appreciation of the importance of statistics
towards good governance
 Look forward to the compilation of the Tourism
Satellite Accounts for Dauis, Iloilo City and Cebu
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Tourism from the ground:
Visitor survey in a municipality, city and province
Items
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of Cebu
Objectives
• To find out the general
characteristics of the visitors to the
City/ Municipality;
• What are the attractions of the City/
Municipality;
• What kind of visitors are attracted to
the destinations;
• How much do they spend for the
travel in the City/Municipality?
• Find out the total
number of visitors to
the Island or
Province;
• Find out the share of
the visitors using AEs
in the Island or
Province;
• Find out the share of
same day visitors
Survey
Instruments
Questionnaire
Interview
Survey points
Accommodation Establishments (AE)
Airport/ Seaport
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Tourism from the ground:
Visitor survey in a municipality, city and province
Items
Municipality of
Dauis
Method of data
collection
Survey
schedule
City of Iloilo
Self administered
• January to
March (High
Season)
• July to
September
(Low Season)
Sample
• 1 Large (60
establishments
respondents)
• 1 Medium (40
respondents)
• 1 Small (20
respondents)
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Province of Cebu
Personal interview
• September to
December (1st survey)
• November to
December –
(2nd survey)
September and
December;
weekdays and
weekends
• 1 Large
• 2 Medium
• 1 Small
• 1 Airport
• 1 Seaport
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Tourism from the ground:
Visitor survey in a municipality, city and province
Items
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of Cebu
Number of
respondents
120
320
Not specified
Real time
Real time
Real time
Reference
Period
Frequency of
data collection
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Once every three years
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Tourism from the ground:
Visitor survey in a municipality, city and province
Items
Data items
collected
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
1. Sex;
2. Age;
3. Residence (Resident, Domestic,
Foreign);
4. Number of nights stayed in the
City/ Municipality;
5. Number of companions of the
respondent;
6. Relationship of companions to
respondent;
7. Main purpose of travel;
8. Places visited;
9. Amount spent during travel; and
10. Number of persons included in
the expenses
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Province of Cebu
1. Place of residence
(R,D,F);
2. Completed nights
of stay;
3. Main purpose of
visit;
4. Amount of
expenditure in the
province; and
5. Number of
persons included
in the expenditure
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Best Survey Practices Adopted
 Appropriate Coordination was done for smooth
survey operations (between the municipality[Dauis]
and the province)
 Questionnaire captures the appropriate data items
needed to achieve the survey objectives
 Survey tried to capture seasonality of tourism
activities (survey rounds conducted in high and low
season in Dauis but not in Iloilo City?, Cebu?; during
weekdays and weekends in Cebu)
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Best Survey Practices Adopted
 Surveys tried to stratify respondents (large, medium
and small AE in Dauis and Iloilo City; seaport, airport
in Cebu)
 Documentation of problems encountered (all three
areas)
 Formulation of recommendations/future plans (all
three areas)
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Some Questions for Similar Future Surveys
 Use of different survey approaches ( questionnaire for Dauis
and Iloilo City, interview for Cebu; same questionnaire for
Dauis and Iloilo City, different for Cebu)
 What approach do we use in the municipalities of
Cebu? In the province of Bohol?
 How will we reconcile data collected by the province
with data collected by the municipalities of the
province? Will the sum of municipality level estimates
equal provincial estimates?
 How do we replicate the survey in other
municipalities, cities, provinces?
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Some Questions for Similar Future Surveys
 Were standard concepts and definitions used?
 Consistency of terms and definitions for
tourism statistics as approved by NSCB
Board
 Consistency with international standards
(IRTS 2008, 2008 TSA:RMF)
 Were enumerators well-trained?
 Does the LGU have qualified statisticians?
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Some Questions for Similar Future Surveys
 Estimation methodology used?
(provincial/annual[use of seasonal survey data? in
Cebu],2010 estimates for Iloilo City)
 Importance of Dissemination of Survey results to
stakeholders - Were results presented in fora in the
municipality, city, province?
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Some Suggested Enhancements of
Similar Future Surveys
 Submission of Visitor Survey to NSCB Statistical
Survey Review & Clearance System (SSRCS)
 Complement survey data with data from
administrative records
 Coordinate with SRTC on training programs
 Improve dissemination modes and tools (towards
sexier statistics)
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II. THE SURVEYS IN DAUIS, ILOILO CITY, & CEBU
Some Suggested Enhancements of
Similar Future Surveys
 Review Sampling Design
 Use of random samples
 Choice of respondents/AEs
 Determination of sample size
 Determination of survey days/weeks/months
 Minimize respondents’ burden
 On the questionnaire:
 Appropriate translation ( Filipino, local
language)
 Inclusion of other questions needed by the
LGU/DOT/TSA (such as on availment of
promotion packages)
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
What can we make of the wealth of data
from the Visitor Surveys?
Policy making? Promotions and Marketing?
Basis for infrastructure planning? Etc.
How can we make use of this body of
information for a more integrated analysis,
say, in analyzing the impact or benefits of
tourism to the economy of the municipality/
city/ province?
We do have a tool to do this - the TSA.
… But what is TSA?
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
 Philippine Tourism Satellite Accounts – a set of tables
 One of the satellite accounts developed by the
NSCB/DOT to measure the contribution of tourism to
the Philippine economy
 Provides a comprehensive set of information on
tourism that facilitates its analysis in the context of
macro-economic accounts
 It aims to demonstrate the output of tourism industries
vis-a-vis the consumption expenditures of tourists
 It explains
the impact of tourism through nonmonetary indicators such as tourist arrivals, length of
stay, types of accommodation and means of transport
availed by the tourists
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
 The Philippines thru the DOT and the NSCB has
actively
contributed
to
the
international
tourism/statistics community in the development of the
Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA)
 The Philippines thru the DOT and the NSCB sits on the
Technical Advisory Board of the United Nations World
Tourism Organization Statistics & TSA Unit (UNWTO)
 The NSCB is a member of the Steering Committee of
the Committee on Tourism Statistics of the International
Statistical Institute (ISI)
 The Philippines is recognized worldwide as a pioneer
in the development in the TSA
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
PTSA Tables
Table 1.
Inbound Tourism
Expenditure by
Products
Data items derived from the survey that
may be utilized in the local TSA
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of Cebu
• Residence (Foreign);
• Completed nights of stay;
• Number of companions of the
respondent;
• Main purpose of travel;
• Amount spent during travel
• Residence
(Foreign);
• Completed
nights of stay;
• Main purpose of
visit;
• Amount of
expenditure in
the province
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
PTSA Tables
Table 2.
Domestic Tourism
Expenditure by
Products
Data items derived from the survey that
may be utilized in the local TSA
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of Cebu
• Residence (Domestic);
• Completed nights of stay;
• Number of companions of the
respondent;
• Main purpose of travel;
• Amount spent during travel
• Residence
(Domestic);
• Completed
nights of stay;
• Main purpose of
visit;
• Amount of
expenditure in
the province
Table 3.
Outbound Tourism
Expenditure by
Products
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No data for outbound
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
PTSA Tables
Table 4.
Internal Tourism
Expenditure by
Products
Data items derived from the survey that
may be utilized in the local TSA
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of Cebu
• Residence (Domestic &
Foreign);
• Completed nights of stay;
• Number of companions of the
respondent;
• Main purpose of travel;
• Amount spent during travel
• Residence
(Domestic &
Foreign);
• Completed
nights of stay;
• Main purpose of
visit;
• Amount of
expenditure in
the province
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
PTSA Tables
Table 5.
Production Accounts on
Tourism Industries and
Other Industries
Table 6.
Total Domestic Supply
and Internal Tourism
Consumption
Table 7.
Total employment in the
Philippines and
Employment in Tourism
Industries
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Data items derived from the survey that
may be utilized in the local TSA
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of
Cebu
Not feasible since we only have National InputOutput (IO) tables
Not feasible since we only have National InputOutput (IO) tables
Not feasible since we only have regional
employment, no breakdown for
city/municipality/province
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III. THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM SATELLITE ACCOUNTS (PTSA) &
THE THREE SURVEYS
The PTSA
PTSA Tables
Table 8.
Tourism gross fixed
capital formation of
tourism industries and
other industries
Table 9.
Tourism collective
consumption by
products and level of
government
Table 10.
List of non monetary
indicators
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Data items derived from the survey that
may be utilized in the local TSA
Municipality of
Dauis
City of Iloilo
Province of
Cebu
Not feasible
Not compiled at the national level
Not feasible
Not compiled at the national level
• Visitor arrivals (inbound and domestic)
• Average length of stay
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IV. WHAT NEXT?
First, we need to answer some questions!
 HAS TOURISM
 Increased the income of the LGU?
 Increased the income of the local
residents?
 Increased the income of the low income
groups?
 Reduced poverty in the locality?
 OR HAS TOURISM
 Only incurred high social cost to the
locality?
 Only raised mainly the income of the rich
owners of business establishments in the
locality?
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IV. WHAT NEXT?
 After JICA project, --- what now?
 Institutionalization
 Improvement of the survey design
 Replication of the survey in other
municipalities/cities/provinces, prioritizing
the tourist destination areas
 Commitment of the DOT/DBM/LGUs to
provide/share funds for the activities
 Cost sharing among national and local
government agencies.
 Development of the TSA for Dauis, Iloilo
City, and Cebu
 But to do this, we need to recognize the
importance of high quality statistics!
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IV. WHAT NEXT?
Need
to
invest
in
STATISTICS !
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IV. WHAT NEXT?
And
STATISTICS IS
MORE FUN IN
THE PHILIPPINES!
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Maraming Salamat po!
URL: http://www.nscb.gov.ph
e-mail: info@nscb.gov.ph
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