Design and Simulation of MANET
Architecture over ZigBee Protocol
Suite with Layer ColaborativeEnergy
aware design for Performance
Optimization
Rupam Das
Under the Guidance of
Prof Rekha Patil
HOD , CSE, PDACE, Gulbarga
Problem Statement
• To adapt 802.15.4 ZigBee standard for Adhoc
Network and to improve the performance by
using layer collaborative model and Energy
Optimization
Contribution
• ZigBee is adapted standard for Sensor network
having low data rate but supports energy
conservation.
• This is the first known architectural proposal for
integrating and adapting ZigBee for Mobile adhoc
network
• We have proposed the architecture, layer wise
protocol adaptation, and shown that even ZigBee
can easily be adopted with improved network life
but for low data rate in MANET
MANET and Conventional
Infrastructured Network
Conventional MAC 802.11 for MANET
ZigBee Characteristic
• Dual PHY (2.4GHz and 868/915 MHz)
• Data rates of 250 kbps (@2.4 GHz), 40 kbps (@ 915 MHz), and 20 kbps
(@868 MHz)
• Optimized for low duty-cycle applications (<0.1%)
• CSMA-CA channel access: Yields high throughput and low latency for low
duty cycle devices like sensors and controls
• Low power (battery life multi-month to years)
• Multiple topologies: star, peer-to-peer, mesh
• Addressing space of up to:
• 18,450,000,000,000,000,000 devices (64 bit IEEE address)
• 65,535 networks
• Optional guaranteed time slot for applications requiring low latency
• Fully hand-shaked protocol for transfer reliability
• Range: 50m typical (5-500m based on environment)
Supported Topologies
Communication Mode
MAC Primitive for ZigBee
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MAC Data Service
MCPS-DATA – exchange data packets between MAC and PHY
MCPS-PURGE – purge an MSDU from the transaction queue
MAC Management Service
MLME-ASSOCIATE/DISASSOCIATE – network association
MLME-SYNC / SYNC-LOSS - device synchronization
MLME-SCAN - scan radio channels
MLME- COMM-STATUS – communication status
MLME-GET / -SET– retrieve/set MAC PIB parameters
MLME-START / BEACON-NOTIFY – beacon management
MLME-POLL - beaconless synchronization
MLME-GTS - GTS management
MLME-RESET – request for MLME to perform reset
MLME-ORPHAN - orphan device management
MLME-RX-ENABLE - enabling/disabling of radio system
ZigBee Protocol Overview
Adopted ZigBee Topology for MANET
Algorithm
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Start the transmission and continue for t seconds.
Random waypoint:
For i=1:1:N
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Pause for pt milliseconds.// pt=pause time
Goto (a)
End
update the co-ordinate values.
End
At MAC layer:
Estimate the Received power of the packet PRx.
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Select a position P1[i]
Move towards P1[i] with persistent speed v m/s.
Update P[i]
If(P[i]==P1[i])
If(MAC has the contention)
Forward the packets that are been sent by routing layer
Else
i) Store the packets in Queue
ii) wait for the channel access.
End
4) At Network Layer:
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Bypass MAC and calculate Energy Directly and store in variable Ecur.
a) Generate beacon Packets to Neighbors
b) Receive beacon packets forwarded by the Neighbors
c) Prepare Routing table (ID, Hops, Energy)
d) update Neighbors table
e) if receiving node is coordinator
if coordinator has finished receiving all beacons
generate coordinator beacon
end
else
increase the hop field value
forward the packets.
end
e) If (RREQ is received)
Current Node has Eneough Energy?
Yes: Forward RREQ
Update Route Information
No: Drop RREQ
End
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if(RREP is received)
update route information.
Forward to precursor node.// previous nodes
Notify PAN Coordinator
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if (a data packet is received for Application)
forward to MAC layer
Update Energy
end
if( Packet is received from MAC)
forward to application layer
end
If( Control Message is received from the MAC)
Generate RERR.
Update Energy
End
5.At Physical Layer:
As the packet is received,
Find type of packet
Change the Energy level according to equation (1).
6. At the end of simulation, calculate throughput, latency, control overhead, packet delivery ratio.
Simulation Parameters
Results
Conclusion
• Results show that ZigBee can be easily integrated with the existing
MANET architecture without compromising the performance
significantly.
• Findings of Simulation also show that 802.11 is better for the delay
sensitive communication network. But this MAC adaption leads to
fast energy losses in the nodes which leads to low network lifetime.
• Proposed technique stands out against the conventional ZigBee
adaptation and 802.11 in Network lifetime improvement. Thus this
adaption is more suitable for the networks where communication is
required to be for extended period of time.
• Result also depicts that the proposed work is more suitable for
networks with lower mobility as packet loss is observed under high
mobility. The performance can be further improved by controlling
the sleep mode of the devices through measured parameters.