Human Computer Interaction 1

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What is HCI
History
What is Human, Computer and Interaction
Goals
Cognition
User Interaction Design
Interaction Styles
Interaction Devices
Future
Conclusion
Human Computer Interaction 2

“Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them”
Human Computer Interaction 3

• 1945 – MEMEX by Vanevar Bush
• 1963 – SketchPad and Light Pen by Ivan Sutherland
• 1964 – Mouse by Douglas Engelbart
• 1973 – Alto by Xerox PARK
• 1983 – Apple Lisa
• 1987 – Windows
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(Source – Georgia Tech HCI)
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Humans are limited in their capacity to process information.
This has important implications for Design
Information is received and responses given via a number of input and output channels:
• Visual Channel
• Auditory Channel
• Haptic Channel
• Movement
Information is stored in memory:
• Sensory Memory
• Working Memory
• Long-Term Memory
Human Computer Interaction 6

There is not much difference in Human and
Computer
Computer consist of
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Memory
• Processing
Computer can be Mobile, Spacecraft Cockpit,
Microwave Oven or VCRs etc.
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HCI is concerned with joint performance of Task by Human &
Computer
Communication between The User and The System
Physical Interaction
• Interaction Devices
Conceptual Interaction
• Interaction Styles
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The main goal of HCI is Usability
“It is a measure of the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which specified user can achieve specified goals in a particular environment”
A usable System is:
• Easy to Learn
• Easy to Remember how to Use
• Effective to Use
• Efficient to Use
• Safe to Use
• Enjoyable To Use
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Cognition is the processing of information
It includes:
• Perception
• Attention
• Pattern Matching
• Memory
• Language Processing
• Decision Making
• Problem Solving
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The model human processor consists of three interacting systems. Each has its own memory and processor.
Perceptual processor
• Outputs into audio storage
• Outputs into visual storage
Cognitive processor
• Outputs into working memory.
• Has access to:
Working memory
Long term memory
Motor processor
• Carries out actions
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Human Information Processing
• Information Processing Capabilities
• Cognitive Requirement of Various Tasks
• Characterize the information processing of a user
Three Main Cognitive Challenges
• Conceptual Complexity
• Memory Load
• Attention
Distributed Cognition
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• Data Collection
• Data Analysis
• User Modeling
• Design
• Prototyping
• Evaluation
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(Re)Design
Identify needs/establish requirements
Evaluate
Build an interactive version
Human Computer Interaction
Final product
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• Command Line Interface
• Menus
• Question & Answer Dialogue
• Form-Fill Interface
• WIMP
• Direct Manipulation
• Natural Language
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Input Devices
• Keyboards
• Mouse, Trackballs, Touch Pads
• Touch Screens
• Speech Input
• 3D trackers, 3D Mouse
Output Devices
• Screens
• Printers
• Sound Output
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Human Computer Interaction 17

(Source - Input Output Devices, UCL)
Human Computer Interaction 18

Human Computer Interaction 19

1. A brief history of Human Computer Interaction Technology,
Brad A. Myers
2. Introduction to HCI, Matthias Rauterberg
3. Human Computer Interaction, Keith Andrews
4. Human Computer Interaction, 2 nd Edition, Alan Dix
5. Cognitive Architectures and HCI, Wayne D. Gary, Richard M.
Young
6. Usability Design, Jan Gulliksen
7. Future of HCI, Michael H. Coen
8. HCI, Nicky Danino
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Human Computer Interaction 21