Elements, Compounds
& Mixtures
Elements
• An element is a pure substance (only 1 type of
particle) that cannot be separated into simpler
substances by physical or chemical means.
• http://www.privatehand.com/flash/elements.html
Element
Compounds
• A compound is a pure substance composed of 2
or more elements that are chemically combined.
Examples of Compounds
•Compounds contain elements
•The elements combine + lose their original properties
•Compounds CAN be separated by chemical means
• The elements combine in specific ratios
Sodium (Na)
+
Chlorine (Cl)
NaCl
Hydrogen (H) + Oxygen (O)
H2O
Carbon (C) + Oxygen (O)
CO2
Mixtures
• A mixture is a combination of 2 or more
substances that are not chemically combined.
Examples of Mixtures
chicken noodle soup
salad
pizza – yes, that would be Yoda…
Properties of Mixtures:
•Each substance in a mixture keeps its identity
•You can physically separate them
•They also contain elements, compounds, or both
•And they can be formed using any ratio of
components
Mixtures may be homogeneous or
heterogeneous
• The prefix “homo” indicates the same
• Homogeneous mixtures have the same
appearance and properties throughout the
mixture
• The prefix “hetero” indicates difference
• Heterogeneous mixtures consist of visibly
different substances
Types of Mixtures
• There are THREE types of mixtures:
–Solutions
–Suspensions
–Colloids
Solutions
• A solution is a mixture that appears to be a
single substance, but it is actually composed of 2
or more substances that are distributed evenly
amongst each other.
– SOLUTIONS ARE HOMOGENEOUS
carbon dioxide is
dissolved in water
sugar & Kool-Aid powder
are dissolved in water
salt is dissolved in water
Suspensions
• A suspension is a mixture in which particles of a
material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas,
but are large enough that they settle out.
– SUSPENSIONS ARE HETEROGENEOUS
That water is
disgusting!
muddy water
Italian dressing
Colloids
• A colloid is a mixture in which the particles are
dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough
to settle out.
– COLLOIDS ARE HOMOGENEOUS
Colloids have
properties of
both solutions
& suspensions.
mayonnaise
milk
Comparing Elements, Compounds
& Mixtures
Elements
What are they made
up of?
Can they be broken
down? If yes, how?
Do they keep or lose
their original
properties?
Draw what the
particles look like.
Compounds
Mixtures
Identify the following with as many
terms as apply
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Table salt
Salad
Mayonnaise
Italian dressing
Pepsi
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Water
Mixture
Element
Compound
Suspension
Colloid
Solution
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous