CHEMICAL BONDS
Aims: to learn basic vocabulary used when talking
about chemical bonding
TABLE SALT
SILVER ATOMS
A WATER MOLECULE
OXYGEN MOLECULES
A SODIUM ATOM TRANSFERS AN ELECTRON TO
A CHLORINE ATOM TO CREATE TABLE SALT
Chemical bonding
What kinds of chemical bonds
are there?
Covalent
Ionic
Metallic
TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDING
KEY WORDS:









bond = veza
attractive forces = privlacne
sile
interact = medjusobno
delovati
valence electron = valentni
elektron
electron shell = elektronska
ljuska, omotac
positively charged =
pozitivno naelektrisan
negatively charged =
negativno naelektrisan
oppositely charged =
suprotno naelektrisan
particle = cestica












repel = odbijati
attract = privlaciti
share = deliti
properties = karakteristike,
osobine
crystalline = kristalni
dissolve = rastvoriti
solution = rastvor
acid = kiselina
row = red
outermost = spoljni
core = jezgro
diverse = razlicit
READ THE TEXT AND FIND THE WORDS WHICH
HAVE THE SAME/OPPOSITE MEANING AS THE
FOLLOWING WORDS.
bond, link, connection
= t_______
 are located in = r_____
 remember = r________
 attract ↔ r________
 happen = o________
 get = g________
 characteristics =
p__________

think about = c______
 stinking, unpleasant =
f_________
 happen = t____ p____
 spring up, jump up =
b________
 different = d_________

READ THE TEXT AND FIND THE WORDS WHICH
HAVE THE SAME/OPPOSITE MEANING AS THE
FOLLOWING WORDS.
bond, link, connection
= tie
 are located in = reside
 remember = recall
 attract ↔ repel
 happen = occur
 get = gain
 characteristics =
properties

think about = consider
 stinking, unpleasant =
foul
 Happen = take place
 spring up, jump up =
bounce
 different = diverse

COVALENT BONDS
Explain what a covalent bond is.
 What is a covalent bond compared to?
 What is the shared electron compared to?
 Which molecules were mentioned as examples of:
a) a single covalent bond
b) a double covalent bond
c) a triple covalent bond
 How can you predict if the bonds are covalent or
not?

READ THE TEXT AND FIND THE WORDS WHICH
HAVE THE SAME MEANING AS THE FOLLOWING
WORDS.
breathe out = e______
 separate, distinct = d_______
 give = d_________
 part = p________
 element = c_________
 guess = p_________
 join together = s_______ t______

READ THE TEXT AND FIND THE WORDS WHICH HAVE
THE SAME/OPPOSITE MEANING AS THE FOLLOWING
WORDS.
breathe out = exhale
 separate, distinct = discrete
 give = donate
 part = portion
 element = component
 guess = predict
 join = stick together

IONIC BONDS
KEY WORDS
get over = preboleti, pomiriti se sa necim
 saltshaker = slanik
 strip = skinuti, uzeti
 charge = naelektrisanje
 Opposites attract. = Suprotnosti se privlace.
 lose = izgubiti
 loss = gubitak
 unlike = za razliku od
 exist = postojati
 solid = cvrsta supstanca

READ THE TEXT CAREFULLY AND ANSWER
THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.
Which example of ionic bond is given in the text?
 What holds two oppositely charged atoms
together?
 What’s the difference between sodium chloride
and barium chloride?
 What kinds of elements usually form ionic bonds?
 What other examples of ionic bonds are
mentioned?

POLAR COVALENT BONDS
KEY WORDS
playground = igraliste
 preschoolers =
predskolac
 on average = u
proseku
 determine = odrediti
 measure = meriti
 draw = vući

corresponding = koji
odgovara
 value = vrednost
 devise = smisliti,
napraviti
 increase = povecati se
 toddler = dete koje tek
uci da hoda
 tug = vući

CHOOSE THE WORD WHICH BEST
COMPLETES THE SENTENCE.
1. This means that sometimes in a covalent bond the electrons
are not _____equally between the two atoms.
a)
sharing
b)
shared
c)
share
2. Electronegativity is a _______ of an atom's ability to draw its
bonding electrons to itself.
a)
measure
b)
determine
c)
calculate
3. Electronegativity ________ from left to right going across a
period.
a)
decreases
b)
bigger
c)
increases
PROGRESS TEST QUESTIONS
A
1. Atoms are the building blocks of all substances. But what is it
that keeps atoms connected together? They are held together by
_____________ (CHEMISTRY) BONDS, strong ______________
(attract) forces between atoms.
2. An IONIC BOND occurs when one atom gains a valence electron
from a ______________ (difference) atom, forming a negative ion
(ANION) and a positive ion (CATION), respectively.
B
1. A molecule that has oppositely charged ends is called a P _ _ _ _
MOLECULE.
2. In the formula H2O, the number 2 is a S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
A
1.
2.
Atoms are the building blocks of all substances. But what is it
that keeps atoms connected together? They are held together by
CHEMICAL BONDS, strong attractive forces between atoms.
An IONIC BOND occurs when one atom gains a valence electron
from a different atom, forming a negative ion (ANION) and a
positive ion (CATION), respectively.
B
1. A molecule that has oppositely charged ends is called a POLAR
MOLECULE.
2. In the formula H2O, the number 2 is a SUBSCRIPT.
COMPONENT
EXIST
FORM
SHARE
MADE UP
Oxygen does not _________ as a single oxygen atom,
but as a molecule of two oxygen atoms. These two
oxygen atoms _________ two pairs of valence
electrons (four valence electrons total) between
them, forming a DOUBLE COVALENT BOND.
This is true of any double covalent bond; four
valence electrons are shared between two atoms.
Another _________ of air is nitrogen. Like oxygen,
nitrogen does not exist as a single nitrogen atom,
but as a molecule ___________of two nitrogen
atoms. The two nitrogen atoms in a molecule of
nitrogen share three pairs of valence electrons
(six valence electrons total) to _________a
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND.
Oxygen does not exist as a single oxygen atom, but
as a molecule of two oxygen atoms. These two
oxygen atoms share two pairs of valence
electrons (four valence electrons total) between
them, forming a DOUBLE COVALENT BOND.
This is true of any double covalent bond; four
valence electrons are shared between two atoms.
Another component of air is nitrogen. Like
oxygen, nitrogen does not exist as a single
nitrogen atom, but as a molecule made up of two
nitrogen atoms. The two nitrogen atoms in a
molecule of nitrogen share three pairs of valence
electrons (six valence electrons total) to form a
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND.