Water Treatment Combination of RO & IX
Separation Technology
Kedar Oke
Head Marketing, Sales & Technical , B.U.- LPT
LANXESS India Pvt. Ltd.
May 8th 2014.
Agenda
Introdution to IEX and RO Technologies
Potential Applications Industrial Water Treatment –
Potential Applications Waste Water Treatment Potential Applications Potable Water Treatment
Summary
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
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Principle of Ion exchange Resin treatment
Feed stream
1)
Polymer beads
Regenerant
2)
Ion exchange
column
Purified stream
Impurities
Required species
Concentrated
waste stream
Mechanism of Ion exchange
Polymer
backbone
3
+
functional group
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Exchange
reaction
+
Common types of Ion Exchangers
CH2 - N(CH3)2H Cl
Weakly-basic-resin (WBA)
(Lewatit® MonoPlus MP 62)
CH2 - N(CH3)3 Cl
Strongly-basic-resin-type 1 (SBA1)
(Lewatit® K 6362)
CH2 - N(CH3)2CH2-CH2-OHCl
Strongly-basic-resin-type 2 (SBA2)
(e.g. Lewatit® MonoPlus M 600)
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
SO3 Na
Strongly-acidic-resin (SAC)
(e.g. Lewatit® MonoPlus S 108)
CO2 Na
Weakly-acidic-resin (WAC)
(e.g. Lewatit® CNP 80)
Examples for “Selective” Ion Exchangers
Chelating resins
CH2 - N
CH2-CO-ONa
CH2-CO-ONa
IDA-Resin
(Lewatit® MonoPlus TP 207)
=
O
CH2-P-ONa
_
CH2 - N
ONa
H
AMPA-Resin
(Lewatit® MonoPlus TPSH
260)
OH H OH OH
CH3
CH2-N -CH2-C - C - C - C -CH2OH
H OH H H
Methyl-Glucamine-Resin
(Lewatit® MonoPlus MK 51 )
C=NH
CH2 - N
H
Thiurea-Resin
(Lewatit® MonoPlus TP 214)
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CH2 - N(CH2-CH2-CH3)3Cl
Tripropylamine-Resin
(Lewatit® MonoPlus SR 7)
Comparison of selectivity of SAC-resin
and IDA-resin
SAC-resin
SO3 Na
Earth-alkali metals
>
heavy metals
CH2-CO-ONa
CH2-N
alkali metals
>
H+
IDA-resin
(“chelating resin“)
CH2-CO-ONa
Heavy metals
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>
>
earth-alkali metals
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
>>>
alkali metals
Osmosis vs. Reverse Osmosis
Osmosis
Reverse Osmosis
Pressure
△π
Pure water
Sea water
Semipermeable
membrane
Water flow
Sea water
Water flow
Osmosis Principle
Reverse Osmosis Principle
 Water flows from low concentration of salts to higher
concentration to reach equilibrium on both sides
 By applying pressure greater than osmotic pressure,
flow of water is reversed: water flows from higher
concentration solution to lower
Source : Santa Maria Team, Sasaki
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Pure water
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
State-of-the-art production process ensures
premium quality reverse osmosis membranes
Preparation of polysulfone
(PS) solution
Preparation of monomers for
Polyamide (PA) coating
Chemical
preparation
PS
PS
support
layer
Chemical
preparation
Several membrane leaves are
stacked and prepared for the
winding process
PA
coating
layer
Winding
preparation
RO element needs to be checked,
based on industrial standards in an
Element Tester
Winding /
assembl
y
Quality
control
Final RO
elementt
Feed water
3
Polyamide (PA) layer
2
Polysulfone (PS) layer
1
Non woven
3
2
1
Desalinated water
PS polymer uniformly coated
on a non-woven sheet
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Formation of an ultrathin PA barrier layer
by “in situ-formed polymerization”
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Winding of RO membrane leaves
to form a spiral-wound
Final 8 inch RO
membrane element
Reverse Osmosis – Membrane Chemistry and
Functionality
Functionality of RO
Membrane
Chemistry of RO Membrane
Structure PS Layer
Membrane Performance
Active Layer/Polyamide Layer
In situ Condensation Polymerization
m-PDA in Water
TMC in n-decane
COCl
ClOC
Specification:
• Rejection [%]
• Flux [m³/m²/day]
NH2
H2N
COCl
PA Layer
0,1µm
Sea Water,
Waste Water,
Brackish Water
Process
Dip Coating/Floating Method
Characterization(Rejection, Flux)
500 nm
O
O
H
N
*
H
N
O
O
x
H
N
H
N
y
*
PS Layer
COO-Na+
O
NH
40–60µm
Polyamide Layer
CH 3
O
*
CH 3
0 nm
O
S
x
Surface analysis (AFM)
*
O
Solvent Coating DMF=Polysulfone Layer
Polyester Non-Woven – Specification:
• Thickness
• Air permeability
• Homogeneity
Support Layer: Coagulation of PS/DMF in Water on
Non-Woven Sheet
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Non Woven
Pure Water
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
90–100µm
Surface analysis (REM)
The finished RO membrane element (8inch)
201mm
29 mm
1016 mm
Outer Diameter, Overall Length and Core tube diameter is the same for all membrane suppliers.
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Types of RO membranes
A) High rejection type (HR) for the best permeate quality
B) High flow type (HF) for the best balance of flow and salt rejection
C) Fouling resistant type (FR) for Organic fouling resistance via 0.86 mm (34
mil) feed-water spacer
D)Low energy type (LE) for energy savings from low pressure operation
E) Sea Water Type ( SW) for the treatment of very high TDS ( >15,000 ppm)
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Agenda
Introdution to IEX and RO Technologies
Potential Applications Industrial Water Treatment –
Potential Applications Waste Water Treatment Potential Applications Potable Water Treatment
Summary
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Membrane separations –
Complementary technology to IEX for IWT
Industrial Water Demineralization plants
Complementarity / Segments
IEX
Desalination
Pretreatment
RO
ION
Exchange
Softening
IEX
Mixed Bed
Industrial
IWT
Nuclear
Pretreatment
ION
Exchange
RO
IEX
Mixed Bed
RO technology inter-substitution with Ion Exchange has reached equilibrium
Co-existence based on cost-performance and final quality considerations
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UPW
RO
UF/MF
Agenda
Introdution to IEX and RO Technologies
Potential Applications Industrial Water Treatment –
Potential Applications Waste Water Treatment Potential Applications Potable Water Treatment
Summary
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CETP - Semiconductor Industry , Fluoride Rich Effluent.
Regn.:10 % Conc. AlCl3 , 2 BV
Effluent Water
from CETPSolar
Semiconductor
Industry
F
30-40
ppm
PRIMARY PHYSIOCHEMICAL AND
SECONDARY
BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT
F
10 -12
ppm
Selective
IEX
Resin
Column
for F
Removal
Regenerant Waste Recycle
 Waste water After Primary, Secondary Treatment :
F = 10-12 ppm, pH = 5- 6 , TDS = 2500 ppm
 Flowrate = 55 m3/ hr
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F
< 1 ppm
2 stage
RO Unit
for TDS
removal
TDS< 30 ppm
Waste water Treatment Plant ( Textile effluent )
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Waste water Treatment Plant ( Textile effluent )
Capacity = 8 MLD
Parameter
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Effluent
after
Tertiary
Treatment
After
Organic
Scavenger
IEX column
pH
7.5
6.7
6.3
TSS ( mg/l)
16
3-4
NIL
TDS (mg/l)
9000
9000
<150
Color ( Pt.co.)
500-600
<150
NIL
COD (ppm)
150-200
30-35
NIL
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
After 3
stage RO
Waste water with Heavy metals
Heavy metal
waste water
>1000 ppm
Precipitant
(CaO, NaOH)
Preciptation
tank
Filter
press
Heavy
metal
recovery Heavy-metal-hydroxides
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Heavy metal
< 10 ppm
Regenerant,
rinse
Heavy metal
< 0,1 ppm
H2SO4
Selective
IX
Selective
IX
RO Unit
pHadjust
Landfill
Heavy-metal-sludge
Agenda
Introdution to IEX and RO Technologies
Potential Applications Industrial Water Treatment –
Potential Applications Waste Water Treatment Potential Applications Potable Water Treatment
Summary
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Contamination by Chemical Trace Compounds
a)
d)
e)
from atmosphere
b)
from leaching of minerals
c)
from inappropriate industrial
activity
d)
from agriculture
e)
from non appropriate or illegal
waste disposal
c)
b)
groundwater
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a)
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Different Pollutants and Resin Types (page 1)
Pollutant
Origin
Ni2+
natural
B(OH)3
natural
ClO4
antropogenic
Iantropogenic
As (III) / (V)
natural
NO3antropogenic
MTBE
antropogenic
NOM
natural
Fe/Mn /F
natural
Ca/Mg / HCO3natural
U (VI)
natural
pesticides
antropogenic
detergents (MBAS) antropogenic
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Resin Type
IDA, chelating
glucamide
SBA type III
SBA type III
WBA / FeO(OH)
SBA type III/II
carbonized adsorber resin
WBA
IDA, chelating
WAC
SBA, type I
carbonized adsorber resin
adsorber resin
Flow Diagram of Potable Water Purification
well
sedimentation /
filtration
RO / IEX Treatment
chlorination /
Disinfection
groundwater
consumer
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Other Applications
1) Sea Water Desalinations and Removal of Boron from Sea Water
2) Treatment of Produced gas from unconventional resources. ( Water
Treatment )
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Summary
 RO & IX technologies allow the process designer to optimise
the Water treatment process.
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Combination of Technologies can offer a lower cost and higher
reliability of water treatment for the user.
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 Both IX and RO technologies will continue to grow strongly in
the near future.
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 The modern technology of water treatment requires the
combination of several technologies
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
A comprehensive product portfolio from
BU Liquid Purification Technologies
Brands
Products
 Ion Exchange Resins
 Adsorbers
 Functional polymers
 Reverse osmosis membranes
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one-stop-shop supplier for liquid treatment
Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
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Lanxess , Kedar Oke , Aquatech 2014 Conference , 11/04/2014
Disclaimer
This information and our technical advice – whether verbal, in writing or by way of trials – are
given in good faith but without warranty, and this also applies where proprietary rights of third
parties are involved. Our advice does not release you from the obligation to check its validity and
to test our products as to their suitability for the intended processes and uses. The application,
use and processing of our products and the products manufactured by you on the basis of our
technical advice are beyond our control and, therefore, entirely your own responsibility. Our
products are sold in accordance with the current version of our General Conditions of Sale and
Delivery.
LEWATIT® is a registered trademark of LANXESS Deutschland GmbH.
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