BIOLOGY CHAPTER 8 REVIEW
Mouse Mischief
Which of the following best describes the cell membrane
waterproof layer of sugars connected
to surface protein
single layer of amino acids
double layer of phospholipids
thick layer of glycoproteins
What is the difference between passive transport and active
transport?
Passive transport requires energy,
and active transport does not.
Active transport requires energy, and
passive transport does not
Passive transport uses carrier proteins,
and active transport does not.
Active transport uses carrier proteins,
and passive transport does not
The discharging of materials to the outside of a cell using vesicles is
called
exocytosis
endocytosis.
passive transport
channeling proteins.
When a receptor protein in a cell membrane acts as an enzyme, the
receptor protein
changes its shape to allow the signal
molecule to enter the cell.
triggers a chemical reaction in the cell
activates a second messenger that acts
as a signal molecule within the cell.
changes the permeability of the cell
membrane.
When a particle moves across a cell membrane from an area of low
concentration to an area of higher concentration, the cell is using
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
active transport
Receptor proteins have binding sites, each with a unique shape
because
the outer amino acids fold in a
complex pattern
the inner amino acids arrange
themselves in a dense ball.
vesicles change the shape of the cell
membrane.
these proteins can respond to light
from the environment
Which of these are the two categories of transport proteins?
receptor proteins and glycoprotein
glycoproteins and channel proteins
channel proteins and carrier proteins
carrier proteins and receptor proteins
Why are phospholipids ideal for making up the
selectively permeable cell membrane?
They repel small ions
They react readily with water
molecules.
They form triple layers that insulate
the cell
They have a nonpolar and a polar
region.
The membrane-bound proteins that identify a cell
type are
enzyme
glycoproteins
receptor proteins.
transport proteins
Which substance crosses the cell membrane by
facilitated diffusion
oxygen
sugar
sodium ion
chloride ion
The concentration of molecule X is greater inside a cell than it is outside
the cell. If the cell acquires X from its surroundings, X must cross the
cell membrane by means of
exocytosis.
active transport.
receptor proteins
second messengers
A cell begins to swell when it is placed in an unknown solution.
What can you conclude about the solution?
The solution is isotonic
The solution is hypotonic
The solution is saturated
The solution is hypertoni
Which proteins transmit information into a cell by binding to
signal molecules
end protein
marker proteins
channel protein
receptor proteins
What will happen to a cell (1% salt) that is placed in a 5% salt
solution?
Salt moves in
Salt moves out
Water moves in
Water moves out
Osmosis Lab: Which potato cube lost water to the NaCl
solution?
Which of the following is a characteristic of active transport?
It moves substances against a
concentration gradient.
It requires energy from the cell
Both (a) and (b)
Diffusion is the movement of a substance
through only a lipid bilayer.
only in liquids
from an area of high concentration to
an area of lower concentration
If the concentration of a sugar solution is lower outside the cell than
inside the cell, which of the following will happen by osmosis?
Sugar will move into the cell
Water will move into the cell.
Sugar will move out of the cell
An ion channel is a transport protein that
moves substances against a
concentration gradient
pumps ions only out of a cell.
serves as a tunnel for specific
substances.
Molecules that are too large to be moved through the cell membrane
can be transported into the cell by
osmosis
endocytosis
exocytosis.
second messenger
binds only to the signals that match
the specific shape of its binding site
chemical that carries information to
cells
acts as a signal molecule within the
cell
unique shape of the outer part of a
protein
binding site
binds only to the signals that match
the specific shape of its binding site
chemical that carries information to
cells
acts as a signal molecule within the
cell
unique shape of the outer part of a
protein
receptor protein
binds only to the signals that match
the specific shape of its binding site
chemical that carries information to
cells
acts as a signal molecule within the
cell
unique shape of the outer part of a
protein
signal
binds only to the signals that match
the specific shape of its binding site
chemical that carries information to
cells
acts as a signal molecule within the
cell
unique shape of the outer part of a
protein
Which cell is in a hypertonic solution?
Which cell is in a hypotonic solution?
Which cell is in a isotonic solution?
Which part(s) of the lipid bilayer is polar?
Which part(s) of the lipid bilayer is nonpolar?
Which part of the cell membrane identifies the cell type?
phospholipid bilayer
receptor proteins
transport protein
cell-surface markers
Which of these statements is true about the cell membrane?
The outer surfaces are polar, while
the interior is nonpolar
The outer surfaces are nonpolar,
while the interior is polar.
Polar and nonpolar regions are
randomly arranged throughout the
membrane.
A layer of water within the membrane
causes the membrane to form as a lipid
bilayer.
By controlling what enters and leave a cell, the cell
membrane
aids in maintaining homeostasis
within the cell.
aids in maintaining homeostasis
outside of the cell.
aids in maintaining osmosis within
the cell.
aids in maintaining osmosis outside of
the cell
Which kind of molecules can pass unaided through the cell
membrane?
small, polar molecules
small, nonpolar molecules
polar molecules of a specific shape
nonpolar molecules of a specific shape
Diffusion is the movement of a substance
only in liquids.
through only a lipid bilayer.
down its concentration gradient.
against its concentration gradient.
When particles move out of a cell through facilitated
diffusion, the cell
gains energy
uses energy.
first gains and then uses energy.
does not experience any change
related to energy.
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
is called
endocytosis
exocytosis.
osmosis
isotonic movement
Molecules that are too large to be moved through a cell membrane can
be transported into the cell by
osmosis
endocytosis
exocytosis.
membrane proteins.
If the concentration of a sugar solution is lower outside the cell than
inside the cell, which of the following will happen by osmosis?
Sugar will move into the cell.
Water will move into the cell
Water will move out of the cell
Both (a) and (c)
What is the purpose of the sodium-potassium pump?
to remove sodium from a cell, against
its concentration gradient
to remove potassium from a cell,
against its concentration gradient
to remove sodium from a cell and bring
potassium into a cell, against their
concentration gradients
Both (a) and (b)
Which of these always involves the movement of a vesicle?
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
All of the above
Which of the following occurs when a molecule fits into the binding
site of a receptor protein on a cell’s surface?
The receptor can open an ion channel
in the cell membrane
The receptor can act as an enzyme,
causing chemical changes in the
cytoplasm.
The receptor can cause the formation
of a second messenger.
All of the above
Which type of membrane protein transmits information into the cell by
responding to signal molecules?
receptor protein
channel protei
carrier protein
glycoprotein
What does a second messenger always do?
sends a signal to another cel
binds with a signal molecule from
another cell
activates an enzyme within a cell
carries a signal within a cell