CREAM
Introduction and its types
Introduction
• The word ‘Cream’ is so extensively used that it is
difficult to define it.
• However , it usually signifies a solid or semisolid
emulsion.
• Water is an important content of skin creams.
• Therefore, in skin creams either fatty phase (oil)
can be dispersed in aqueous phase (water) or
aqueous phase can be dispersed in fatty phase.
Introduction
• A cream is a topical preparation usually for
application to the skin.
• Creams may be considered pharmaceutical
products as even cosmetic creams are based on
techniques developed by pharmacy and
unmedicated creams are highly used in a variety
of skin conditions ( dermatoses ).
• The use of the Finger tip unit concept may be
helpful in guiding how much topical cream is
required to cover different areas.
the skin care creams can be
classified on different basis
• According to the nature of type of emulsion:
Eg - O/W and W/O
• According to function:
Eg - cleansing, foundation, manage etc.
• According to characteristic properties:
Eg - cold creams, vanishing creams
Types of cream
1. Oil-in-water (O/W) - Composed of small droplets of
oil dispersed in a continuous phase,
- O/W creams are more comfortable and cosmetically
acceptable as they are less greasy and more easily
washed off using water.
2. Water-in-oil (W/O) - Composed of small droplets of
water dispersed in a continuous oily phase.
-W/O creams are more difficult to handle but
many drugs which are incorporated into creams
are hydrophobic and will be released more readily
from a water-in-oil cream than an oil-in-water cream.
-W/O are also more moisturising as they provide an
oily barrier which reduces water loss from the stratum
corneum , the outermost layer of the skin.
The most widely accepted
classification is based on function.
• According to the functions the creams can
be classified as- :
• Cleansing and cold creams
• Foundation and vanishing creams
• Night and massage creams
• Hand and body creams
• All-purpose and general creams
A. Cleansing creams
• Keeping the body clean is the most important
and primitive need on account of personal
hygiene and beautification which leads to the
need of cosmetics.
• Use :
Cleansing cream or lotions is required for
removal of facial make- up, surface grime ,oil ,
and water and oil soluble soil efficiently , mainly
from the face and throat.
Desirable properties of cleansing
cream
1. It should be stable and have a good
appearance.
2. It should be effectively be able to remove oilsoluble and water soluble soil and surface oil.
3. It should soften on application to the skin.
4. It should spread easily without dragging.
5. During application it should not have oily or
greasy feel.
6. A thin emollient film shouldn remain on the
skin after its use.
Types of cleansing cream:
1. White , emulsified cold cream ( Beeswax-borax
type )• These are white ,of high lustre , and free from
graininess.
• The cream have firm consistency.
• They liquefy on application to the skin & spread with
ease.
• They are O/W type of emulsion.
• After the creams are rubbed on skin ,a sufficient qty. of
water evaporates to impart a phase inversion to the
W/O type.
• In this ,borax react with the free fatty acids present in
the beeswax and produces soft soap which acts as the
emulsifying agent and emulsifies the oil phase
,containing beeswax ,mineral oils etc. in aqueous
phase.
Types of cleansing cream:
2. Liquefying cleansing creams• These are translucent liquefying anhydrous type
of cleansing creams of thixotropic nature.
• They have a mixture of oil and waxes and have
such consistency that they liquefy when gently
massaged on the skin.
• The portion of mineral oil and waxes is very
important to avoid problems like separation,
sweating and granular appearance
B. Vanishing and foundation creams
• Vanishing creams- creams which spread easily
and seem to disappear rapidly when rubbed are
termed as Vanishing creams.
• These creams are composed of emollient esters
which leave little apparent film on the skin.
• Traditional formulae of this cream is based on
stearic acid.
• After application the cream leaves a dry but
tacky residual film which also has a drying ffect
on the skin.
• These are used in hot climates which cause
perspiration on the face
B. Vanishing and foundation creams
• Foundation creams• Creams which provide base make-up to hold the
powder or other make-up above it.
• It vary in viscosity and available in the form of
liquid to thicker creams.
• The liquid foundation make-up is much easies to
apply than powder and a smooth appearance can
be obtained.
C. Night and manage cream
• Skin nourishment is important and required to
preserve the normal characters of skin or as a
treatment to dry skin.
• To supplement foods for the skin ant to treat the
dry skin nutritive , manage or emollient creams
are used.
• Creams which are generally applied on skin and
left for few or several hours mostly overnight,
known as Night creams.
• Creams which act by providing emollient action
by rubbing the cream on the skin with massage
like action are called as Massage creams.
D. Hand and Body Creams
• Hands and other body part’s skin may be
exposed to water, water soap ,detergents causes
removal of lipids and other secretions from the
skin.
• Cold and dry winds take out moisture resulting
in chapping of the skin.
• Skin dry ,scaly , infection due to microbes can
leads to dermatitis. So to control all these hand
and body creams are applied.
D. Hand and Body Creams
• Main functions of hand and body creams
are
• Provide an oily fim to protect the skin.
• Keep the skin smooth but not greasy.
• Easy to apply.
E. All-Purpose creams
• All-Purpose creams In current times there has been
a tremandous increase in consumption of
preparations which are normally known as Allpurpose creams.
• These were also known as ‘Sports Cream ’ as they
were used by sportsmen in skiing and outdoor
activities.
• They are somewhat oily but not greasy type and can
spread easily on the skin to give protective film.
• They act nourishing or night cream when applied
excessively ,they function as hand creams when
applied sparingly ,thus they are called All-purpose
creams.
So, the composition of these cream
is such that it can act-:
• As a foundation cream to provide a
foundation base for make-up.
• As a cleansing cream and liquefy easily.
• As a hand cream and should have emollient
characters.
• As a protective cream and should form a nonocclusive film.
• As a cream to smooth the rough surface of the
skin.
• So, therefore called All-Purpose cream.
Thank you ..!!