Introduction to
Chemistry
WELCOME!
Ms. Sawh’s
Form 4
Chemistry Class
What you will need
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Notebook: a new one/Form 3 notebook
Textbook
Lab book: purchase in school
Goggles, lab coat, gloves (provided by school)
Syllabus (available from Ms. Sawh)
Past Papers (available in bookstores/school)
Access to Computer and my website:
www.sawhcoolchem.weebly.com
• An email address
• Folder pages/manila folders
Structure of the Syllabus
and CSEC Exam
There are three major areas of Chemistry:
• Physical Chemistry
• Inorganic Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry
N.B. There is an Option Topic on Chemistry in
Everyday Life which changes every two years.
The CSEC Exam consists of three papers:
• Paper I: 60 Multiple Choice Questions (30%)
• Paper II: 6 Structured/Extended Answer
Questions, all compulsory (50%)
• Paper III: SBA (20%)
School Based Assessment (SBA)
You will be assessed in the following practical skills in
Form 4 and Form 5:
• Manipulation/Measurement (M/M)
• Observations/Recording/Reporting (O/R/R)
• Analysis and Interpretation (A/I)
• Planning and Designing (P/D)
All these skills will be assessed by your teacher
(at least twice) and written up using the proper format
in your lab books.
An average of the marks awarded will be calculated and
submitted to CXC out of a total of 10 marks for each
skill. So SBA mark will be out of a total of 80 marks.
Chemistry
What do you think the study of Chemistry is
about?
Why are you studying Chemistry?
Do you think Chemistry has any relevance to
your everyday life? Why?
How is Chemistry different to any other science
e.g. Biology, Physics?
Definition of Chemistry
•Chemistry is the study of
matter and the behaviour of
particles in matter.
•Anything that has a mass and a volume
Close up view of atoms and their behavior
•Changing from one state of matter to another
is a Physical Change,
e.g. melting
Give another example.
•If a new substance is formed it is a
Chemical Change,
e.g.
Give another example.
Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com
Kinetic Theory of Matter
(Particulate Nature of Matter)
All Matter is made up of particles
• Name these particles.
• How do we know these particles exist?
• What evidence do we have that proves matter is
made up of particles?
Processes that prove particles
exist in matter
The particles that exist in matter are:
atoms, molecules and ions.
The evidence that proves these particles
exist are:
• Diffusion
• Osmosis
• Brownian Motion
• Write a definition of each and give
examples.
Pure and Impure Matter
Matter can be pure and impure.
How can we tell if a substance is pure?
Can you name any pure substances?
What are some impure substances?
Pure substances
• Atoms
• Elements
• Molecules
• Compounds
Can you write definitions for these
pure substances and give examples?
• Smallest indivisible particles
making up elements.
•The building blocks of Matter
• Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-),
and Neutrons (0).
• Consists of only one kind of atom,
• Cannot be broken down into a simpler type of substance
by either physical or chemical means
• Can exist as either atoms or molecules.
•Give examples.
Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com
• A molecule consists of two or more atoms
of the same element, or different elements,
that are chemically bound together.
Give examples.
• Atoms of two or more different elements
bound together.
• Can be separated into elements chemically,
but not physically.
Give examples.
• Solutions are groups of molecules that are
mixed up in a completely even distribution.
•They can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
• Uniform Distribution.
• Example: Sugar and Water
Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com
To make a solution:
•The substance to be dissolved.
•The one doing the dissolving.
• Particle sizes are in between the size of particles
found in solutions and suspensions .
• Can
be mixed and remain evenly distributed without
settling out.
• They are substances
(compounds,elements) held together
by physical forces, not chemical.
• Can be separated physically.
• Solutions are also mixtures, but
can be heterogeneous.
• The substances are not uniformly mixed.
• Example: Sand in a glass of water.
Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com
• Are heterogeneous mixtures consisting of parts
that are visible to the naked eye.
• Substances will settle over time.
Example: the ingredients in salad dressing
Matter
Pure
Substances
Mixtures
Homogeneous
Colloids
Solution
Solvent
Solution
Heterogeneous
Suspensions
Element
Molecule
Compounds
Questions
• How is a mixture different to a
compound?
• How is a compound different to a
molecule?
• How is an atom different to an
element?
• Is a solution a pure substance?