Plant Division
M6 Plant Biology
Satit Patumwan
Plant Kingdom
•
You will remember from M4 Genetics that
the plant kingdom is not divided into
phylum but into DIVISIONS.
• Botanists (plant biologists) have classified
12 divisions of plants.
The 12 divisions are separated into 2 groups:
1. Non-seed plants
2. Seed plants
Seedless plants
(Non-seed plants)
Non-seed plants
•
There are 7 divisions of non-seed plants:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Hepatophyta
Anthocerophyta
Bryophyta
Psilophyta
Lycophyta
Sphenophyta
Pterophyta
Hepatophyta
• Small plants
• Liverwort plants- Hepta means liver- these
plants sometimes have leaves that looks
like a liver. Wort- mean herb
• Often confused with mosses.
• Simple unicellular roots.
• Nonvascular plants- grow in moist areas
• Pioneer plants- first to go in new areas
such as lava fields etc
Liverworts
Bryophyta
• Like Hepatophytes they are seedless nonvascular small pioneer plants that usually
grow in moist areas
• The most common plant in this division is
the MOSS
• They have a simple filament as a root
called a rhizoids which are a few cells in
length and hold the plant in place
Moss
Anthocerophyta
• Small plants
• Like Hepatophytes and bryophyta they are
non vascular seedless plants.
• The sporophytes of these plants look like
horns or antlers of an animal and
therefore are commonly called Hornworts
Hornwort
Young Hornwort
Old Hornwort
Psilophyta
•
•
•
•
•
Seedless Vascular plant
They have leafless stems
They do not have any roots either
Most live in tropical areas
They are commonly called Whisk Ferns
Whisk fern
Lycophyta
• Club Mosses
• Vascular plants that have very small
vascular leaves.
• These plants are very ancient
• The ancient plants which grew much taller
have been transformed into coal which we
use today.
Club moss
Sphenophyta
• Horsetails
• Vascular, seedless plants
• They have hollow stems surrounded by
needlelike leaves.
• They are found near wet swamps
Horsetail
Horsetails look almost like small trees
Pterophyta
•
•
•
•
Non seed, vascular plants
Grow in damp, shady places
Commonly known as the ferns
Usually have long leaves which can grow
5m in length, which are called fronds
Fern- sporophyte generation
Fern- Alternation of Generations
Gametophyte stage of a fern
Homework
Please make a PowerPoint presentation on one of
the divisions of the seed plants:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Cycadophyta
Gnetophyta
Ginkgophyta
Coniferophyte
Anthophyte
(Please find the information on page 587-589 of your Biology
textbook or in the library)