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1.
Explain concentration
gradient and diffusion with a
picture or diagram..
Also write a real-life example of
diffusion
Concentration Gradient
Concentration
gradient is when the
substance stays in
one area more, than
in another area.
Diffusion
Diffusion
Diffusion
An everyday example of diffusion is
Kool-Aid mixing with water. The high
concentration of the Kool-Aid powder
moves to the areas of the powder where it
is in low concentration.
2.
Discuss the similarities and differences between
diffusion and osmosis.
Question #2:
Discuss the similarities and
differences between diffusion and
osmosis.
Osmosis vs. Diffusion
Diffusion!


Diffusion is the movement of particles or
substances from an area that is crowded and
concentrated to an area that is not in order to
reach an equilibrium.
Different from….
Osmosis!

….which is when water molecules go through
a semi-permeable membrane (plasma
membrane) from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
Different! But how?


Diffusion is the movement of any substance
from a higher to lower concentration while
osmosis is the movement of water
Diffusion does not always move through a
semi-permeable membrane (example: food
coloring dropped into water) while osmosis
does (example: water traveling through the
plasma membrane)
Similar too!

Both move particles from high to low
concentration
3.
• What would happen to a cell if placed in the
following solutions (describe and illustrate).
– Isotonic solution:
– Hypotonic solution:
– Hypertonic solution:
4.
• Use pictures to illustrate and arrows to show the
direction of osmosis for each of the conditions below.
Assume the membrane is not permeable to sucrose.
• Intravenous solutions must be prepared so that they
are isotonic to red blood cells. A 0.9 % salt solution is
isotonic to red blood cells.
– Explain what will happen to a red blood cell placed in a
solution of 99.3% water and 0.7% salt.
– Explain what would happen to a red blood cell placed in a
solution of 90% water and 10% salt.
Osmosis/Tonicity
Vince, Ally, Katelin, and Christian.
Hypertonic
• The water in the red blood cell leaves the
cell.
• This happens because the concentration
of the solution is higher than the
concentration in the cell.
The cells
are fine
because the
water stays
in the cell.
The blood cells
are shriveling
up because the
water is leaving
the cell.
Hypotonic
• The water stays in the cell because the
concentration of the solution is higher
inside the actual cell.
• The cell will possibly burst because the
water is flowing in the cell.
• Water always moves from low to high.
5.
• Draw and describe a plant cell in a hypotonic
solution. How will a plant cell respond
differently than an animal cell? Why?
5. Hypotonic Solution
More water is entering the cell
than leaving the cell.
Causes the cell to expand.
Two different things will happen
depending on the type of cell.
Plant Cell
Water will fill the cell.
It will NOT explode.
The cell wall prevents the
plant cell from rupturing.
Animal Cell
Water will fill the cell.
It will explode if it gets too full.
Animal cells do not have the
structure that the cell wall provides.
6.
• For the most part, plants and animal live in
either a salt water environment or a fresh
water environment, not both. Explain this
using the principles of diffusion.
Fresh and Salt Water
Conner Hayes, Mariana Corpus
Isaac Kerny
Certain fish and plants can live in the salt water
because they can tolerate large quantities of
salt. Other fish can’t live in the salt water
because the have low salt tolerance.
Fish that can live in both environments come
from places like the mouth of a delta. The fresh
water diffuses across the salt water and the
fish slowly become accustomed too a dualwater environment.
7.
• What is required for active transport to occur?
#7 What is required for active transport to occur?
Ben Baker, Darion Denniston, and Kiersten
Henderson(:
In order for active
transport to occur, you
first must have energy
(ATP) from the cell.
In active transport, a
substance in the transport
must bind with a carrier
protein; this carrier protein
usually matches the shape
of the molecule, due to
chemical energy changing
the shape.
The carrier protein
releases the molecule
on the other side of
the membrane. Then
the protein goes back
to it regular shape,
after being released
from the carrier cell.
This is necessary to
for homeostasis.
8.
• What if there is a large food particle or
organism that a predatory cell – like an
amoeba – wants to eat? It must use a process
called exocytosis. Draw a diagram showing
how this process works. Give two examples of
substances that a cell might export this way.
0/chapter5/animation_quiz_-_endocytosis_and_exocytosis.html
Click for
diagram
Cells sometimes export proteins that
are to big for active transport that are to
be used in the plasma membrane.
Cells will also export extra cellular
fluids for other cells to use.
Cell Transport
• Active
• Passive
• Diffusion
– Facilitated Diffusion
• Osmosis
• Isotonic
• Hypertonic
• Hypotonic
• Endocytosis
Osmosis: Diffusion of Water
• The diffusion of water across a selectively
permeable membrane is called osmosis.
Real- World Applications
• Plant Cells: Cellular Respiration
• Preserving Fruit and Meat
• Medicine
– IV
– Storage of Red Blood Cells
When comparing two solutions
to one another, we define:
A.
Hypotonic
solution has a
lower solute
concentration
B.
Hypertonic
solution has a
higher solute
concentrations
Isotonic – solutions with equal
concentration. Osmosis Simulation