What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic Acid What is located at the BOTTOM of a tRNA molecule? Anti-codon sequence Where in the cell is DNA found? Nucleus Scientifically, describe the shape of the DNA molecule. Double Helix What is the complement to this side of a DNA molecule?: TGGACTA ACCTGAT How many pairs of chromosomes does a human have in their body cells? 23 Where can mRNA be found? Nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosome A segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called a ______ Gene What are the 3 parts of the DNA molecule? Phosphate group Deoxyribose Sugar Nitrogen Base What sugar is present in RNA? ribose What nitrogen bases are present in RNA? A, U, C, G What is chromatin? Uncoiled DNA What type of bond holds together the nitrogen bases? Hydrogen What scientists are credited with the “base-pairing” rules? Watson & Crick DNA that is coiled would be called? Chromosome When does the DNA replicate? Cell division/Interphase (before mitosis) Going from mRNA to a protein is called _______. Translation During DNA replication, what causes the hydrogen bonds to break? An Enzyme What is the tRNA complement to this mRNA?: AUGCAU UACGUA What polymer makes up or hair color, bone length, etc..? Protein What is the shape of mRNA? Single helix What is the function of tRNA? tRNA anticodons bond w/ mRNA codons to insure the correct order of amino acids What sugar is present in DNA? Deoxyribose What does RNA stand for? Ribonucleic Acid How many strands of mRNA are transcribed from the two “unzipped” strands of DNA? 1 What nitrogen bases are present in DNA? A, T, C, G How is the accuracy of the DNA code assured? Base-pairing rules Going from DNA to mRNA is called _________. Transcription What is the mRNA complement to this side of a DNA molecule: AACGTAT UUGCAUA How does the mRNA get out of the nucleus? Nuclear pore Identify this molecule. DNA What is located at the TOP of a tRNA molecule? Amino acids Where does translation occur? Ribosome What is the function of mRNA? To get the DNA code out of the nucleus What are proteins made up of? Amino acids Where must the mRNA attach before protein production can begin? Ribosome Where does transcription occur? Nucleus Identify this molecule. tRNA How many nitrogen bases make up a mRNA codon? 3 What type of bond is formed between amino acids during translation? Peptide bond Identify this molecule. mRNA What is the function of rRNA? Creates peptide bonds between the amino acids