LEUCIPPUS
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Little is known about Leucippus
although he lived in the first half of
the 5th century BC. He originated
from Greece but later spent most of
his time in Italy. In 440 BC he founded
the school at Abdera where he meet
his pupil Democritus that would
perfect and spread his theory's of the
atom. Many people believe that
Leucippus never existed because all
of his works were overshadowed by
Democritus but evidence of his works
exist in “The great order of the
universe” & “On mind”
Leucippus was the founder of the
Atomic Theory. He said that
everything is composed entirely of
various imperishable, indivisible
elements called atoms. Much about
his work was not recorded but was
described in the works of his pupil
Democritus. He also believed that
that true being does not admit of
vacuum, and there can be no
movement in the absence of vacuum
and he said that “Since movement
exists that there has to be a. vacuum”
LEUCIPPUS ATOMIC THEORY
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DEMOCERITUS
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Democritus lived from 460BC-370BC
where he grew up in Adenera Greece
on the Northern Coast. He was a
politician who was a free thinker the
first of his kind he believed in Zeus
not in “God the Creator” or that
humans had souls. Although he was
not religious he spread his “Moral
Teachings” which preached his “Goal
of Cheerfulness” and preached
notion that rewards for righteous
actions and punishments for
wrongdoing were administered in an
afterlife.
Democritus worked off of the
theory's of Leucippus & Aristotle. He
believed that atoms were a
irreducibly minimal quantity of
matter. He believed in the concept of
infinite divisibility of matter. He
described atoms to be different
shapes that join together to “make
things” roaming around in “empty
space” and these things are
destroyed when the atoms separate.
He preached "Nothing occurs at
random, but everything happens for
a reason and by necessity."
Democritus' Atomic Theory
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ANTOINE LAVOISER
BIOGRAPHY
• Antoine was born in 1743
and grew up as a French
nobleman. He found great
interest and inspiration in
biology and chemistry.
When he was 25 he was
elected as a important
member to the “French
Academy of Sciences.”
THEORY
• Antoine was known as the father
of chemistry he was the fist to
come up with the theory of the
law of conservation of mass. He
also did such things as help
construct the metric system,
name hydrogen and oxygen. He
also proposed an idea that matter
can change but its mass will
always remain the same. He was
also the first to work with
stoichoimerty and did extensive
research on combustion, gasses
and water.
ISAAC NEWTON
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ISAAC NEWTON
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Isaac was born and raised in England
although he did grow up being raised
by his grandmother. He schooling
included Cambridge university.
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Newton explored motion and gravity.
He came up with three laws:
An object in motion stays in motion
unless an outside force acts upon it.
Force is equal to the change in
momentum per change in time.
For every reaction there is an equal
and opposite reaction.
Antoine Lavoisier's Stoichoimetry
Pioneer
Joseph Proust
BIOGRAPHY
• Proust was born in France in
1754 where he studied
chemistry on his own in his
fathers shop he did not
attend an elite college, he
basically taught himself.
THEORY
• Proust claim to fame in the
chemistry department is his
law of definite proportions.
JOSEPH PROUST
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JOHN DALTON
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JOHN DALTON
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
• John Dalton was born into a
Quaker family in England. He
wanted to peruse medicine
but that idea was not
welcomed by his family. When
he was older he meet his role
model John Gough who got
him a job at the “New College”
teaching. He was also
considered to be a
meteorologist who from a
young age kept a meteorology
diary.
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Dalton is infamous for the Atomic theory and
he proposed :
“The atoms of a given element are different
from those of any other element; the atoms
of different elements can be distinguished
from one another by their respective relative
atomic weights.
All atoms of a given element are identical.
Atoms of one element can combine with
atoms of other elements to form chemical
compounds; a given compound always has
the same relative numbers of types of atoms.
Atoms cannot be created, divided into
smaller particles, nor destroyed in the
chemical process; a chemical reaction simply
changes the way atoms are grouped
together.
Elements are made of tiny particles called
atoms. “
MARIE CURIE
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Curie who has a polish upbringing
and struggled being a female scientist
was actually the fist person not just
woman to with the Nobel prize for
physics and for chemistry. The French
Academy of Science refused to allow
her as a member just because she
was a woman.
Her main accomplishment was her
theory of radioactivity, no one had
even heard of radioactivity before
Curie. She also created techniques for
the isolation of isotopes. Because she
was the first to deal with radiation
she discovered the element radium
and polonium.
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ROBERT MILLIKAN
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ROBERT MILLIKANS THEORY
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Robert Millikan was born in
Maquoketa Iowa, where he attended
Columbia University where he earned
a doctorate in physics. He made book
that asked question not just text he
wanted to engage his readers that
was the first of its kind.
Millikan was the founder of the oil
drop experiment which is now very
famous. The oil experiment
measured the charge of a single
electron. His experiment measured
the force on tiny charged droplets of
oil suspended against gravity
between two metal electrodes for
this he won a physics Nobel prize.
HENRI BECQUREL
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HENRI BECQUEREL
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Becquerel was born Into a French
family where he took his family name
as the physics chair at the Museum
National d’Historie Naturelle.
Becquerel “accidently” discovered
radioactivity when he wrapped a
fluorescent substance in urinal
sulfate when he exposed the
photographic plates to sunlight the
image was exposed this was the
beginning of nuclear radiation.
JJ THOMPSON
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Thompson was very intelligent for his
age and he attended college at the
young age of fourteen. His father
wanted him to work in a factory bus
as soon as his father died very young
he perused his dream of becoming a
scientist.
Thompson discovered electrons. He
also explored properties of cathode
rays and he discovered that rays
were being deflected by electron
fields. This became know as the plum
pudding model.
JJ THOMPSON
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ERNEST RUTHEFORD
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EARNEST RUTHERFORD
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Rutherford became known as the
father or nuclear physics . He also
won a Nobel prize in chemistry.
Rutherford stumbled on the concept
of radioactivity and radioactive half
life. He also made the distinction
between thorium and uranium. He
also dabbled with the concept of
decay. He also came up the with
“Gold Foil Experiment” which proved
that the atom has a nucleus.
ERNEST MARSDEN
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ERNEST MARSDEN
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Ernest went to the university of
Manchester where he met Ernest
Rutherford also work as a professor
of physics and agent most of his time
conducting experiments for
Rutherford.
Worked on the Geiger Marsden
experiment also know as the Gold
Foil Experiment. He also founded the
department of scientific and
industrial research.
WERNER HEINSENBERG
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WERNER HEISENBERG
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Werner was a German physicist. He
served as director of Kaiser Wilhelm
Institute for Physics. He was also the
chairman of a group working with
nuclear physics.
Werner proposed many theories
involving quantum physics. He also
discovered allotropic forms of
hydrogen. He was also the first to use
matrices instead of ordinary
numbers.
NIELS BOHR
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NIELS BOHR
BIOGRAPHY
THEORY
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Niels was born in Denmark , he grew
up in a wealthy Jewish family. He was
surprisingly good at football and
sports which was his passion in life.
At first he studied mathematics. He
went on to have a large successful
family.
Bohr worked at Los Alamos lab
working on the Manhattan project.
He was one of the few people ever
to get his hands on the atomic bomb
and help create this not knowing the
effects it would have on the world.
He did not like working for this
secretive company and got out. The
created the Bohr model of the atom
and his theory stated that electrons
travel in discrete orbits around the
atoms nucleus.
ALBERT EINSTEIN
ALBERT EINSTEIN
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Although einstein was extreamly
famous for much better things
scientifically than just atomic reserch
he did play an important role. He lead
such scientist and Niels Bohr and
Werner Heisenberg he was the man
who gave them the confidence they
needed he also spend a lot of time
researching quantum physics with
these too men. They were a tight
group in the scientific world and they
all worked off each others knowledge
which is what lead them come so far
with atomic research.