Update on PEDV
Lisa Becton, DVM, MS
National Pork Board
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)
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Overview of the disease
Current US status
Actions to manage PEDV
American Association of Swine Veterinarians
review
• Q/A
PEDV – Initial focus
• Coordinated effort by all key stakeholders to
understand where PEDV was/is occurring and
how to best manage it:
– United States Department of Agriculture (multiple
divisions)
– National Pork Board
– National Pork Producers Council
– American Association of Swine Veterinarians
PEDV – what is it?
• PEDV is a diarrheal disease of pigs that has
recently been found in the United States and is
similar to the TGE virus (Transmissible
Gastroenteritis virus)
• PEDV was confirmed in the US on May 16th, 2013
by diagnostic tests at the USDA National
Veterinary Services Laboratory (NVSL) in Ames, IA
PEDV – What it is…
• PEDV currently exists in many different parts of
the world
• Considered to be a production disease
• Can be managed/controlled/eliminated with
targeted biosecurity efforts
PEDV – What it is NOT…
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Not zoonotic
Not a food safety concern
Not a listed disease of the OIE
Not on the National Animal Health Reporting
System (NAHRS) Reportable Disease List
• Not considered a Foreign Animal Disease in the
United States
• No interstate trade restrictions pertaining to
PEDV
PEDV – What are the symptoms?
• PEDV symptoms can vary from TGE but are
generally similar:
– Symptoms on farm can range from mild to rapid and
explosive spread
– Diarrhea and vomiting in pigs of all ages
• Most severe in baby pigs
– Mortality ~ 100% for pigs < 7 days of age
– Mortality ~ 90% in pigs 8-21 days of age
• Sows and older growing swine can show various
degrees of illness, but generally more mild than baby
pigs
PEDV – How is it diagnosed?
• Laboratory confirmation is the only way to
diagnose and differentiate PEDV from TGE
– Many different labs working together to have needed
diagnostic tests available: Iowa State, University of
Minnesota, Kansas State, South Dakota State, NVSL
• Current diarrheal cases have detected TGE, so it is
very important to work with your veterinarian for
an accurate diagnosis!
PEDV – What is the current status?
• Positive samples have been identified in multiple
states
• PEDV has been identified in both sow farms as
well as growing pig sites
• Are there concerns about other potential sources
of PEDV?
PEDV – status of sampling
• Confirmation of the disease has been from
samples taken from sick pigs
• After the initial diagnosis of PEDV, concerns arose
that feed or ingredients might be a potential
source of PEDV
– USDA has worked closely with the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) to sample feedstuffs
– No positive samples have been identified to date
– However, testing is ongoing
PEDV – What’s next?
2013 Supplemental Funding PED research
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Speed and effectiveness
Transparent and objective
Targeted projects with short timeframes
Flexibility with oversight of Swine Health Committee
leadership
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea - PED
2013 Supplemental Funding request: $410,000
• PEDV Needs
– Support current “entry” survey
– Support next “epidemiology” survey
– Carrier, immunity, transmission, challenge
– Diagnostic tools and validation
– Viral propagation and survival
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PEDV – What’s next?
• Work with the Swine Health Committee, AASV,
NPPC and other key stakeholders to initiate the
research process for PEDV
• Goal is to rapidly respond and provide needed
information regarding PEDV for management of
this virus
PEDv Investigation 2013
Survey Instrument
 Primary infection
 First site/herd – confirmed positive PEDv
 Any stage of production
 Risk factors – common to all or many
confirmed positive cases
 Characterize the clinical presentation
 Also survey negative herd – case control for
comparison
Information Gathering
 Herd information
# & type on site
Nearby farms
Biosecurity
Entries onto site
Trucks/trailers
Security breaches
Information Gathering - continued
 Inputs
Semen
Vaccines
Feed
Feed supplements/base mix/premix
Protein
Characterize the clinical presentations
on the farm
 Clinical signs
 Date of onset
 Morbidity
 Mortality
 Samples to veterinary diagnostic laboratory
 Recovery
Data Analysis
 National Center for Foreign Animal &
Zoonotic Disease Defense (FAZD)
 US Department of Agriculture – Center for
Epidemiology And Animal Health (CEAH)
 National Pork Board
 National Pork Producers Council
 American Association of Swine Veterinarians
Next Steps
 Lateral transmission
 Containment & elimination?
 Hypotheses generation
 Further research
Questions?
This message funded by America’s Pork Checkoff Program.