BELL WORK 12/1
On the sheet you just picked up,
define the word Loyal in your own words and describe a
situation either from your own experience of from a news report
in which someone’s loyalty was very important.
What would we do if the government broke down?
(Also be sure you have picked up the semester overview)
Devolution –
Movement of power from the central government
to regional governments within the state.
What causes devolutionary movements?
Ethnic or cultural differences
Religious differences
Linguistic diversity
Economic disparity
Movement or circulation
Physical geographical differences
MIDDLE
AGES
TIME BETWEEN THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
& THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT
500-1500 C.E
CHARLEMAGNE (CHARLES THE GREAT)
united Europe 771 CE
• -created greatest empire since
Ancient Rome
• -Frank (German) King, 6’4
• -Spread Christianity
• -Pope crowned him Emperor
which revived the idea of united
Christian Empire.
• Created Holy Roman Empire
• 1st Reich
• Died in 814
Key words Essential to
Feudalism
Feudalism- (Fyoo-duh-lih-zuhm) A system of
PROTECTION in the Middle Ages.
Vassal- An agreement between lords
& knights that stated that they would
protect the land. Knights were called
their lords “vassals”.
Fief- a section of land given to a lord
or knight for their service
HOW DID FEUDALISM ESTABLISH ORDER
IN EUROPE?
PEOPLE WERE BOUND TO ONE
ANOTHER BY PROMISES OF
LOYALTY AND RESPONSIBILITY
(1000 C.E.)
• WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR
BROUGHT FEUDALISM TO ENGLAND
IN 1066
MONARCH- RULER OF ALL
LANDS
LORD - NOBLES BY BIRTH
KNIGHT- ARMORED SOLDIERS
PEASANTS - POOR FARMERS
PAID RENT TO A LORD
• SERFS- UNFREE PEASANTS THAT
WERE “TIED” TO LAND, COULDN’T
LEAVE. NO CHOICE BUT TO WORK
LAND
FEUDAL
HIERARCHY
Identify each group in
the hierarchy
WHAT WAS A MANOR AND WHY WAS
IT IMPORTANT?
THE MANOR WAS THE HEART OF FEUDALISM
MANORS WERE SELF-SUFFICIENT : THEY GREW AND
BUILT EVERYTHING THAT THEY NEEDED THEMSELVES
ALL PEOPLE WHO LIVED ON THE MANOR HAD A ROLE
WITH DIFFERENT RESPONSIBILITIES.
2.4 MONARCHS DURING
FEUDAL TIMES
MANY MONARCHS RELIED ON THEIR
LORDS (VASSALS) TO PROVIDE KNIGHTS
AND SOLDIERS AND MAINTAIN CONTROL
OF KINGDOM
MOSTLY SYMBOLIC RULERS WITH LITTLE
REAL POWER, BUT BELIEVED GOD GAVE
THEM POWER TO RULE
• DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS
2.5 LORDS AND
LADIES
NOBLES; MOST LIVED ON MANORS IN MANOR HOUSES OR
CASTLES
PROVIDED PROTECTION AND WERE STATUS SYMBOLS
LORDS: MANAGE AND PROTECT FIEF, SERVED AS JUDGES
LADIES: CARED FOR CHILDREN AND OVERSAW
HOUSEHOLDS
2.6 KNIGHTS, NOT
NIGHTS
VASSALS OF MORE POWERFUL LORDS
EXCHANGED PROTECTION FOR LAND or
Feifs
LOYAL TO CHURCH AND LORD
PAGE--> SQUIRE--> KNIGHT
CODE OF CHIVALRY
SET OF RULES OF BEHAVIOR, RESPECT, AND
HONOR
2.7 PEASANTS
FREE PEASANTS RENTED LAND TO FARM AND OWED
ONLY THEIR RENT TO THE LORD.
UNFREE PEASANTS “SERFS” FARMED THE LORDS FIELDS
AND COULD NOT LEAVE THE LAND
• RECEIVED A SMALL PLOT OF LAND TO FARM FOR THEIR
OWN
• LORDS COULD DEMAND TALLAGE, MERCHET, AND
“HEAD MONEY”
CONSTANTINOPLE
BYZANTIUM