Answering Clinical Questions at
the Point of Care
王信傑 Ricky Wang
rwang@uptodate.com
Tel : +886-2-82854526
Mobile : +886-958931227
Outline
About UpToDate
Evidence Grading
How to Search
New Function
Q&A
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 UpToDate is a Clinical decision support system that
helps clinicians throughout the world provide the best
patient care
 We use the best available current evidence to answer
clinical questions, quickly and easily at the point of
care
 This saves clinicians time, improves patient outcomes
and lowers health care costs
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 Journals: 460+ peer reviewed journals
 Databases:
 MEDLINE, The Cochrane Database, Clinical Evidence and ACP
Journal Club
 Guidelines
 Clinical trials
 FDA, CDC, NIH
 Proceedings
 Clinical experiences and observations
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Quick Facts about UpToDate
 Topic reviews
 Patient Information
 Drug Information
 systemic, topical, inhalation, nasal, ophthalmic
Written by Physicians for Physicians
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Quick Facts about UpToDate
 4,800+ world-renowned physician authors (international)
 9,500+ clinical topic in 19 specialties
 5,100+ unique drug entries in adult, pediatrics, international and
natural drugs (Lexi-Comp)
 23,000+ graphics
 328,000+ references (Medline)
 Updated every 4 months (March, July, November)
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Specialties

Adult and Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Adult Primary Care & Internal Medicine

Allergy and Immunology

Cardiovascular Medicine

Endocrinology & Diabetes

Family Medicine

Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Geriatric Specialty

Hematology

Hospital Medicine

Infectious Diseases

Nephrology & Hypertension

Neurology

Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women’s Health

Oncology

Pediatrics

Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine

Rheumatology

Surgery
{November 2009}
{March 2010}
{July 2011}
{November 2010}
{March 2009}
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Specialties in Development
Dermatology
Psychiatry
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Evidence Grading
 In 2001, we began a collaboration with Gordon
Guyatt, a world leader in EBM, and his colleagues
in the international GRADE collaborative to
implement a grading system for recommendations
 UpToDate grades specific treatment and screening
recommendations
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何謂實證醫學
以流行病學和統計學的方法，從龐大的醫學資料中嚴格評讀、
綜合分析並找出值得信賴的部分，並將所能獲得的最佳文獻證據，
應用於臨床工作中，使病人獲得最佳的照顧。
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何謂實證護理
傳統的臨床實務中，護理人員通常憑藉教課書及職場的學姐、專家的教導，
以經驗解決臨床問題；隨著畢業時間的增加，新知識累積愈少，導致知識落差。
所以，傳統解決問題的方法已不符合目前詭變的醫療環境。
實證護理（Evidence-based Nursing），依據國際護理榮譽學會的定義，
涵概現有之最佳證據及護理實務經驗，並重視個人、家庭及社區之價值與偏好
的護理照護。Ingersoll對實證護理的定義：針對一個病人或一群病人，能誠
實、詳盡與明斷的運用「有理論為起源、研究為基礎的資訊」於臨床護理決策，
並考慮到個案的需求與喜好。換言之實證護理就是護理人員必需具備「定義臨
床問題」、「搜尋科學研究證據」、「評讀」、以及「將所得的證據應用病人
臨床照護」之能力。
實證照護（Evidence-based health care）主要是引用最佳的證據，作
為臨床照護決策依據。實證醫學（Evidence-based Medicine）重視病患治療
效果，偏重隨機試驗之量性研究，實證護理重視病患的感受、態度，最佳研究
證據來源，不單是量性研究文章，更包涵質性研究的文獻。透過實證護理，希
望護理人員能不斷更新知識，學習以實證的方式做出以病人為中心的臨床決策。
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RECOMMENDATION GRADES
Strong Recommendation
Grade 1
Grade 2
“We recommend…”
Weaker Recommendation
“We suggest…”
Benefits clearly outweigh the risks and
burdens (or vice versa) for most, if not all,
patients
Benefits and risks closely balanced and/or
uncertain
EVIDENCE GRADES
Grade A
Grade B
Grade C
High Quality Evidence
Consistent evidence from randomized
trials, or overwhelming evidence of some
other form
Moderate Quality Evidence
Evidence from randomized trials with
important limitations, or very strong
evidence of some other form
Low Quality Evidence
Evidence from observational studies,
unsystematic clinical observations, or from
randomized trials with serious flaws
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How to Search
 New Search
 Search  display results  topic review  output
 Others
 Evidence grading
 RECOMMENDATIONS
 125 Calculators
 Drug Interactions
 ECG test
 Movies  no need install software
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How to use UpToDate based on a Clinical scenario
 A 50 year old woman is obese (BMI=32) and has
hypertension. She has not achieved weight loss despite
counseling for diet and lifestyle changes. What is the best
medication for pharmacologic management of her obesity.
 Keyword:
 Obesity drug
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How to use UpToDate based on a Clinical scenario
 A 65 year old man comes to see you with moderately
symptomatic heart failure. He has a remote history of a large
anterior wall MI and an echocardiogram shows an ejection
fraction of 30%. His LDL cholesterol is 150 mg/dL, currently
untreated. Should he be started on a statin ?
Keyword :
Statins in HF
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How to use UpToDate based on a Clinical scenario
Will grapefruit juice interact with Cisapride ?
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How to use UpToDate based on a Clinical scenario
How effective is long-term warfarin at preventing recurrent
pulmonary embolism?
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New Function
New graphics search feature
Over 23,000+ graphics
Pictures, tables, figures, graphs, algorithms and movies
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Q&A
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