Overview of Guyana’s Malaria Situation
Dr. Reyaud Rahman
About Guyana
• officially the Co-operative Republic of
Guyana, is a sovereign state on the
northern coast of South America.
• Guyana is one of the few Caribbean
countries that is not an island.
Guyana is bordered by Suriname to the east; by Brazil to the
south and southwest; by Venezuela to the west; and by the
Atlantic Ocean to the north
At 215,000 square kilometres (83,000 sq mi)
Guyana is divided into 10 regions
Region
Area km²
Population
Population
per km²
1
Barima-Waini
20,339
24,275
1.2
2
Pomeroon-Supenaam
6,195
49,253
8.0
3
Essequibo Islands-West
Demerara
2,232
103,061
46.2
4
Demerara-Mahaica
1,843
310,320
168.4
5
Mahaica-Berbice
3,755
52,428
14.0
6
East Berbice-Corentyne
36,234
123,695
3.4
7
Cuyuni-Mazaruni
47,213
17,597
0.3
8
Potaro-Siparuni
20,051
10,095
0.5
9
Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo
57,750
19,387
1.3
Upper Demerara-Berbice
19,387
41,112
2.1
Guyana
214,999
751,223
3.49
No
10
Vector Bourne Diseases in Guyana
2012
•
•
•
•
•
Malaria
Dengue Fever
Filariasis
Leishmaniasis
Chagas Disease
31876
Diagnosis
• Gold Standard Malaria Microscopy
• RDT in out break situations
Malaria in 2012
•
•
•
•
•
•
P. falciparum 16,694
P. vivax
11,225
P. malariae 83
Mix
3,598
Active Case Detection 53,464
Passive Case Detection 143,000
data on malaria new cases for the period
January to March, 2013, based on reports
received
Jan-March, 2013,
Total Smears taken and examined- 35,281
• Positive new cases –
7,213
• P. falciparum –
3,720
• P. vivax –
2,569
• P. malariae.35
• Mix- infections –
889
• Active Case Detection 8,172
• Passive Case Detection 27,109
Imported Cases in 2012
Foreign
imported
Brazil
positives
falciparum
vivax
malariae
31
20
16
0
Mixed
Infections
0
Venezuela
16
10
6
0
0
Suriname
1
0
1
0
0
Ghana
1
1
0
0
0
St - Martin
1
1
0
0
0
China
1
1
0
0
0
Pregnancy Infected 2012
•
•
•
•
•
Total Cases seen
Falci
Malariae
Mix
Vivax
312
146
1
35
130
POSITIVE MALARIA NEW CASES BY AGE –
GROUPS.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
< 1 YEAR1-4 YEARS5-14 YEARS15-49 YEARS
50 + YEARSTOTAL
28 =0.3%
196 =3%
586 =8%
5,844 =81%
559 =8%
7,213
New cases by ethnic groups
•
•
•
•
•
•
Afro- Guy2952
Amerindian- 1946
Chinese –
12
East Indian- 1037
Mix Race2163
Others3
Mining is high investment and high producing sector that
generates important foreign exchange earning for the
Guyanese Economy
• In 2008 the mineral production (Output)
G$ 73,113 Billions (18% more than 2007)
• Production continues to arise in 2009-2011, by
small and medium Scale Guyanese miners
continue to be strong.
• 2009 the production of Gold surpassed 260,000
in 2008 to 305,000 oz. in 2009, & 2010.
Prevention and Control Programs
• Active vector Bourne disease work in
endemic regions and non endemic regions
• Prompt diagnosis and early treatment
• Dissemination of IEC material
• Creation of school health clubs and Vector
Bourne committees
• Detect early and control, to prevent
epidemics
• In Vivo studies done every three years to
detect any drug resistance
• Refresher training courses for Malaria
Microscopy
• Distribution of LLINs
Constraints
• In adequate human resource
• Dangerous nature of the job e.g Riverain,
mountainous, dense rainforest, dangerous
criminals.
• Non compliance of patients to use full drug
dosage
• Self medication
Needs
• Assistance in developing policies and
procedures in strengthening our diagnostic
capacity.
• Quality Assurance programs
• M&E officer training
• IT personnel with training and the use of
Epi info for our MIS
Needs
• Specialist in Malaria microscopy,
Leishmaniasis, Chagas to evaluate and
possibly re-train our Microscopist
• Entomology training
The End
Thank You