Adapted from: Puberty: Understanding Sexually
Transmitted Infections. SexualityandU.ca, 2010
WHAT DOES STI STAND
FOR?
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
(STI)
• Most STI have no symptoms
• A person can have an STI and not know it!
Why would having no symptoms increase the risk
of getting an STI?
OPTIONAL ACTIVITY:
STI TRUE AND FALSE
https://www.healthunit.com/uploads/sti-true-and-false-quiz.pdf
HOW CAN SOMEONE GET
AN STI?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vaginal intercourse (the entering of the penis in the vagina)
Anal sex (the entering of the penis, finger or sex toy in the anus)
Oral sex (mouth on genitals)
Transmission from mother to baby in childbirth
Skin to Skin contact (touching of private parts)
Sharing equipment
Bodily fluids (Blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk)
SYMPTOMS OF AN STI CAN INCLUDE:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Female 
Increased vaginal discharge
Vaginal itching
Burning or pain when peeing
Pain during sexual
intercourse
Bleeding between menstrual
periods
Pain in lower stomach
Lumps, bumps or sores
•
•
•
•
•
•
Male 
Watery or cloudy discharge
from penis
Burning or itching around tip
of penis
Frequent peeing
Testicular pain
Burning pain when peeing
Lumps, bumps or sores
WHAT IS THE ONLY 100 %
EFFECTIVE WAY OF PREVENTING
STIs AND PREGNANCY?
WHAT DOES ABSTINENCE MEAN?
• Abstinence means not to do something
• Sexual abstinence means to abstain from
different levels of sexual activity
• Possible definitions of sexual abstinence
between two people could be:
• Avoiding vaginal intercourse
• Avoiding vaginal, oral and anal intercourse
• Avoiding genital contact
WHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF STIs?
BACTERIAL
PARASITIC
VIRAL
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED STIs:
BACTERIAL (CURABLE)
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
CHLAMYDIA
What is chlamydia?
• Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
• Among the most common STIs in the world
How do you get chlamydia?
• Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or
vaginal sex
How do you prevent chlamydia?
• Condoms can help prevent the spread of
chlamydia
• Condoms and dental dams can be used for
protection during oral sex
CHLAMYDIA
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
• Most people have no symptoms
• Females are less likely to have symptoms then
men
How is chlamydia tested?
• Testing is done by either swabbing the infected
area or with a urine sample
How is chlamydia treated?
• The infection can usually be cured with a single
dose of antibiotics
Remember chlamydia is CURABLE!
CHLAMYDIA
GONORRHEA
What is gonorrhea?
• Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
How do you get gonorrhea?
• Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal
sex
• Can spread from an infected mother to her baby during
child birth
How do you prevent gonorrhea?
• Condoms can help prevent the spread of gonorrhea
• Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection
during oral sex
GONORRHEA
What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?
• Both females and males may have no symptoms
• Remember, infected people who have no symptoms
can still pass along the infection
How is gonorrhea tested?
• Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or
with a urine sample
How is gonorrhea treated?
• The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of
antibiotics
Remember gonorrhea is CURABLE!
GONORRHEA
SYPHILIS
What is syphilis?
• Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
• Very rare STI
• Can cause serious damage to the body if not cured, even
death
How do you get syphilis?
• Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex
• Can spread from an infected mother to her unborn child
How do you prevent syphilis?
• Condoms can help prevent the spread of syphilis
• Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection during
oral sex
SYPHILIS
What are the symptoms of syphilis?
•
Syphilis produces a wide range of symptoms that are often
confused with other illnesses
•
Some people have no symptoms at all
How is syphilis tested?
•
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or with a
blood test
How is syphilis treated?
•
The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of
antibiotics
•
A person can get the infection again, so their partners should
also be tested
Remember syphilis is CURABLE!
SYPHILIS
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED STIs:
PARASITIC (CURABLE)
Pubic Lice
Scabies
Trichomoniasis
PUBIC LICE
Caused by tiny wingless insects known as crabs.
The lice attach their eggs to the pubic hair and
feed on human blood
TRICHOMONIASIS
Caused by a parasite that is usually sexually
transmitted, but it can survive 24 hours on wet
towels and bathing suits
SCABIES
Caused by the itch mite. It burrows just under the skin
and lays eggs. The scabies mite can live for 2-4 days away
from the human body; therefore it can be transmitted
without sexual contact.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF A
PARASITIC STI
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•
•
•
Intense itchiness
Reddish rash
Pain during sex or peeing
Vaginal discharge
HOW ARE PARASITIC STIs TREATED?
• Shampoo
• Lotion
• Ointment
• Antibiotic
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED STIs:
VIRAL (TREATABLE)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Herpes
Hepatitis
HIV / AIDS
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)
• Very contagious virus
• Some people never get symptoms
• HPV is spread through skin to skin contact , oral, anal
and vaginal sex with an infected partner
• HPV can cause cancer of the cervix in women
HOW IS HPV TREATED?
• Treatments remove the warts but do not remove the
virus from the blood
• Most warts will clear over time
• There is no cure for HPV
• There is a vaccine available for female
students in grade 8
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)
GENITAL HERPES
• Caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
• Spread through skin to skin contact and oral, anal
and vaginal intercourse
• Some people with herpes never develop sores,
but are still contagious and may spread it to
others without knowing
• People who have an initial outbreak can have
more outbreaks throughout the rest of their life
Remember herpes is not CURABLE it is
TREATABLE!
GENITAL HERPES
HEPATITIS
• Hepatitis is a virus that affects your liver
• It can cause permanent liver disease and
cancer of the liver
• Hepatitis A & B can be prevented by a vaccine
• Vaccine is available to students in grade 7
Remember hepatitis is not CURABLE!
HOW CAN SOMEONE LOWER THEIR
CHANCES OF GETTING HEPATITIS B?
• Practice safer sex
• Do not share instruments used in body-piercing,
tattooing or hair removal
• Do not share toothbrushes or razors
• Get vaccinated
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
(HIV) AND ACQUIRED
IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROM
(AIDS)
HIV AND AIDS
• HIV is the initial infection
• AIDS is the advanced stage of the disease
• Over a period of time, the virus attacks and
damages the body’s immune and nervous system
HOW IS HIV/AIDS SPREAD?
• The virus is spread through body fluids
• There is no cure for HIV infection
• Once infected, you have HIV for life.
WHERE CAN SOMEONE GO FOR STI
TESTING AND TREATMENT?
Family Doctor
Walk-In Clinic
Health Unit –STI clinic
STI TESTING
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
• Females: swabs of cervical secretions can be taken
• Males: swabs of urethral secretions can be taken or urine can be
tested
Trichomoniasis
• Diagnosed by taking a sample of vaginal discharge
• The (dead) organism can sometimes be detected on a Pap smear.
Genital warts
• Diagnosed by visual examination
Herpes
• Usually diagnosed by sight, and by history
• A swab of the lesion can be taken to confirm virus
Hepatitis B, C and HIV
• Diagnosed by blood tests
ARE YOU EMOTIONALLY READY TO
HAVE SEX? WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?
Should I have
sex?
WHAT DOES SAFER SEX MEAN?
• Communicating with your partner
• Using protective barriers (condoms, dental dams)
• Getting STI testing
• Using birth control
• Getting vaccinated
QUESTIONS?
ONLY HAVE SEX BECAUSE YOU WANT TO !
• Having sex once doesn’t mean you have to have
it again
• Stay educated
• Talk to a parent, teacher, nurse or doctor
• Communicate and practice safer sex
THE CLINIC
• Located at 50 King St at the corner of King
and Ridout by Budweiser Gardens
• Birth control clinic, STI clinic and needle
exchange
• Free testing and treatment of most STIs
• Inexpensive birth control and morning after
pill