THE QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION of
PARVOVIRUS, CORONAVIRUS and
GIARDIA spp. ANTIGENS in DOGS.
Alperen URAL* Serkal GAZYAĞCI
*Kirikkale University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
PARVOVIRUS INFECTION IN DOGS



Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious viral disease that
can produce a life-threatening illness. The virus attacks
rapidly dividing cells in a dog's body, most severely affecting
the intestinal tract. Parvovirus also attacks the white blood
cells, and when young animals are infected, the virus can
damage the heart muscle and cause lifelong cardiac problem
General Symptoms
The general symptoms of parvovirus are lethargy, severe
vomiting, loss of appetite and bloody, foul-smelling diarrhea
that can lead to life-threatening dehydration.
Transmission
Parvovirus is extremely contagious and can be transmitted by
any person, animal or object that comes in contact with an
infected dog's feces. Highly resistant, the virus can live in the
environment for months, and may survive on inanimate
objects such as food bowls, shoes, clothes, carpet and floors. It
is common for an unvaccinated dog to contract parvovirus
from the streets, especially in urban areas where there are
many dogs.
CORONAVIRUS IN DOGS


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Coronavirus is a viral infection of the digestive tract found
usually in puppies, but also in adult dogs. It is common in
unvaccinated dogs boarded in kennels. It is not typically a
fatal virus.
Symptoms
Very foul smelling, watery, yellow/orange diarrhea
Lethargy,
Loss of appetite,
Fever
Vomiting
This virus may be prevented by:
Regular vaccination of your dog starting at around 6 weeks of
age will help prevent this disease.
Regular sanitation of kennels and boarding facilities may help
control the spread of this virus.
GIARDIA SPP. IN DOGS



Giardia in dogs (also known as giardiasis) became well known
several decades ago when a different strain of the organism was
identified as causing persistent diarrhea in people. Once an
understanding was developed that the condition is spread
through feces contaminated swimming pools, food, drinking
water, and surfaces, did the awareness of the disease increase.
This awareness led to an understanding of giardiasis in animal
health and improvements in detection methods.
The most common giardia dog symptoms are moderate to severe
diarrhea with or without mucus. It is rare for the diarrhea to
contain blood. Other symptoms includes vomiting. Most dogs that
shed giardia cysts are asymptomatic, which means that they do
not show any giardia symptoms.
There are several prescription medications available for giardia
dog treatment. This includes:
Fenbendazole/febantel (50 mg/kg for 5 days) is effective in most
dogs.
Metronidazole (25 mg/kg 5 days). In some dogs Metronidazole can
be toxic
Drontal Plus (3 days)

The aim of this study was the evaluate a
commercial test kit for diagnosis of Parvovirus,
Coronavirus and Giardia Spp. antigens and lead
to treatment for unhealthy dogs.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
This study was carried out in 112 dogs with
diarrhea
 Parvovirus, coronavirus and giardia spp were
searched in the faeces.
 A special test was used for detecting of these
agents. (Anigen Rapid CPV-CCV-Giardia Ag)

TEST APPLICATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Collect the samples from canine feces using the 2 swabs.
Insert the swab into the specimen tube containing 1ml of assay
diluents (P-C) for CPV-CCV Ag Test.
Insert the swab into the specimen tube containing 1ml of assay
diluents (G) for Giardia Ag Test
Mix the swab samples with each assay diluent to extract well.
Remove the test device from the foil pouches, and places it on a flat
and dry surface.
Using the disposable dropper provided, take the samples from
extracted and mixed specimens in the tube. (Use different disposable
droppers for assay diluents (P-C), and assay diluents (G))
Add four (4) drops into each sample hole using the disposable
dropper. The mixed assay diluent should be added exactly, slowly
drop by drop.
As the test begins to work, you will see purple color move across the
result window in the center of the test device. If the migration has
not appeared after 1 minute, add one more drop of the mixed assay
diluent to the sample well.
ADVANTAGES OF SPEED TEST
DIAGNOSIS
 Fast
 Easy
manuplation
 Lead
to treatment
 Non
invasive method
RESULTS
Parvovirus
Number of dogs
5
Coronavirus
12
Giardia spp.
7
Coronavirus antigen was detected in 12 dogs and Parvovirus antigen and
Giardia spp. antigen was found in 5 dogs and 7 dogs relatively according
to principles of manufacturer. No dog was found have two or three
antigens.
THANK YOU…
alperenural@gmail.com
www.serkalgazyagci.com