Warm Up
Ionization Energy Graph Questions…
(10 minutes to answer the questions…
10 minutes to discuss).
Bonding POGIL
30 minutes
My Name is Bond…
Chemical Bond
Chemical Bonding
Chapter 6
Chemical Bond
• Why do atoms bond??
• To become more stable.
Visual Concepts – to lower potential energy.
Types of Bonding
• Ionic
– Transfer of electrons from one atom to another
– Cations and anions attracting each other by opposite
charges (electrostatic bond)
– Metal bonds with nonmetal
Visual Concepts
Covalent
Sharing of electrons
between the atoms
Nonmetal bonds with
nonmetal
Visual Concepts
What is the general rule?
Another “Trend”
Electronegativity: a measure of the ability of
an atom in a chemical bond to attract
electrons from another atom in that bond.
Draw the Bohr Models for Li, F and Cl
Can you identify the trend??
Another “Trend”
Electronegativity: a measure of the ability of
an atom in a chemical bond to attract
electrons from another atom in that bond.
Trend in Electronegativity
Determining bond type using
electronegativiy differences…
• If the difference is < 1.7 a covalent bond
forms.
• If the difference is > 1.7 an ionic bond
forms.
Ex. Cl – Ca
Ex. Cl – Br
Let’s look at some ionic
compounds…
Draw the molecular orbital diagrams for
sodium and fluorine.
How would the electrons transfer?
Spend about 15 minutes
working on the homework…
Finish the POGIL
Type of Bond WS
Bond Type Using Electronegativity
Ionic Bonding (on the back)
Warm Up
a. Draw the molecular orbital diagrams for
Magnesium and Fluorine.
b. How will the electrons move?
c. How many Fluorine are needed to use all
magnesium’s valence electrons?
Lewis Structures…
Represents the valence electrons on the
atoms with dots… top, side, bottom, side
Visual Concepts
Lewis Structures
Mg
F
Al
The Octet Rule…
A Really Long Song!
In your own words… write the rule!
Show how the electrons would
be transferred between.
Calcium
Sulfur
Are the atoms more or less stable?
How has the energy changed?
This is what you are doing on the HW
Criss-Cross Method
We can determine the formula for a neutral
ionic compound by looking at the charge of
each atom.
Naming Ionic Compounds
Name the metal first….
Name the nonmetal…..
change the end to “ide”
NaCl
Sodium Chloride
Determine the neutral formulas and names
for the following formula units.
F
Be
K
Ba
Cs
P
S
I
Vocabulary Terms
Formula Unit- one molec..(oh! We can’t say
that!) 1 unit of an ionic compound.
Electrostatic force - the force that occurs
when a + charge is attracted to a - charge
(causes the bonds!)
Salt- another name for ionic compounds
Characteristics of Ionic
Compounds
• Crystal lattice is made of formula units,
which repeat in a geometric pattern
• Creates a stable structure
Visual Concepts
Characteristics of Ionic
Compounds
High melting and boiling points.
Hard and brittle
Many ionize in water- become good
conductors.
Warm Up-11/16
a. Draw the Lewis Structures for Beryllium
and Bromine.
b. Show how the electrons behave.
c. Write a neutral formula and name
d. Calculate the molar mass.
Ionic Bonding with
Polyatomic Ions
Polyatomic Ions are
covalently bonded groups
of atoms that have a
charge…..
Formula Units with Polyatomic Ions…
what is the charge for each?
NO3
SO3
CN
02
Ca
K
Ba
Name the metal… name the polyatomic ion
Ionic Cut and Paste Activity
Color fast!!
Anything you don’t finish today will
need to be finished over the weekend!
Ionic Bonding with Transition
Metals….
How would we name the following ionic
compounds
NiCl
NiCl2
Transition metals can have more than one
charge… her is where it gets a little tricky!
Ionic Bonding with Transition
Metals….
Determine the neutral compound…
Fe 3+ and Cl1The charge of the METAL is indicated using
a roman numeral after the name.
1+ (I)
2+
3+
4+
5+
(II)
(III)
(IV)
(V)
Warm Up: Name the
following compounds…
CrO
Cr2O3
FeCl2
FeCl3
NiS
CoCl3
Now try going from name to formula!
Exceptions
All d block elements get a roman numeral
EXCEPT Zn2+, Cd2+, Ag1+
Metals in the p block- No roman numerals
EXCEPT Sn and Pb.
Work on the Naming WS
Do # 1-10
Do 10 a day till you are done…
Then try to go from the name to the
formula…
Ionic Equations
How is the formula unit going to dissociate in
water?
Barium chloride
Calcium phosphate
Cobalt(II)nitrate