Formation of the Universe
Review
• observed change in the frequency of a wave
when the source or observer is moving
• Doppler Effect
• theory that all matter and energy in the
universe exploded 10 to 15 billion years ago
and began expanding in all directions.
Big Bang Theory
• Big Bang Theory
• apparent shift toward shorter wavelengths of
light when a luminous object moves toward
the viewer
• Blue Shift
• theory that matter distorts space
• General Theory of Relativity
• sum of all space, matter and energy
• Universe
• matter not visible through current methods,
but observable through gravitational
interactions between galaxies
• Dark Matter
• apparent shift toward longer wavelengths of
light when a luminous object moves away
from the viewer
• Red Shift
• steady but faint microwaves from all over the
sky
• Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
• unexplained high speed of galaxies going into
outer space
• Dark Energy
• the study of the nature, structure, origin and
fate of the universe
• Cosmology
1. _____ Space based telescopes, such as the Hubble Space
Telescope, allow astronomers to see further away than
they can with telescopes on Earth. Seeing more distant
objects is in effect equivalent to seeing
a. the edges of the universe
b. into other universes.
c. further back in time.
d. further forward in time.
c. further back in time.
• 2. _____ Is the following sentence true or
false?
All distant galaxies are moving away
from ours because our galaxy is at the center
of the universe.
a. true
b. false
• b. false
• 3. _____ The _________________ states that the
universe began when a dense, hot, super massive
singularity violently exploded.
a. steady state theory
b. string theory
c. big bang theory
d. big crunch theory
• c. big bang theory
• 4. _____ Which is NOT evidence to support the big
bang theory?
a. red shift of galaxies
b. cosmic background radiation
c. Galactic clusters
d. abundance of light elements (H, He and Li)
• c. galactic clusters
• 5. _____ Which fate of the universe do scientist
currently believe to be true?
• a. open universe
c. flat universe
• b. closed universe
d. accelerating universe
• d. accelerating universe
• 6. _____ The red shift of distant galaxies show
that the universe is ___________.
a. contracting
b. expanding
• b. expanding
• 7. _____ Radiation left over from the big bang is
called
a. cosmic radio waves
b. cosmic microwaves background radiation
c. gamma ray bursts
d. cosmic x-ray radiation
• b. cosmic microwaves background radiation
• 8. _____ About how long ago did the big bang
occur?
a. 4.6 billion years ago
b. 10 billion years ago
c. 13.7 billion years ago
d. 100 million years ago
• c. 13.7 billion years ago
• 9. _____ The universe is mostly made up of
a. dark matter
c. atoms
b. dark energy
d. empty space
• d. empty space
• 10. _____ The first elements that were formed in
the universe were?
a. hydrogen and lithium
b. lithium and helium
c. hydrogen and helium
d. lithium and beryllium
• c. hydrogen and helium