Optical communications outlook through the lens of optical components market Karen Liu, PhD karen.liu@ovum.com September 2011 1 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Outline What has happened to the optical networking market since the recession? Why was the optical components market growing so much in 2009 – 2010 when optical network equipment revenues were shrinking? And why is the optical components market down now that optical networking is growing? 2 What is the outlook? © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. 3-tier view of the telecom optical market Service providers 2Q11 annualized revenues $1.86 trillion, up 5% 2Q11 vs. 2Q10 Optical networking 2Q11 annualized revenues $15.3 billion up 8% 2Q11 vs. 2Q10 America Movil, AT&T, BT, China Mobile, China Telecom, FT, DT, NTT, Saudi Telecom, Sprint, Telefónica, TI, Verizon, Vodafone, Zain... System vendors Alcatel-Lucent, Brocade, Cisco, ECI, Ericsson, Huawei, Juniper, Motorola, NEC, Nokia/NSN, Nortel, Tellabs, ZTE... Optical Component 2Q11 annualized revenues* of $6.2 billion, up 30% 2Q11 vs. 2Q10 Optical components Avago, Finisar, JDSU, Sumitomo, Oclaro, Opnext, Source Photonics... Subcomponent and material *Ovum does not track subcomponents quarterly and does not track materials. Source: Ovum * Includes only optical and datacom components 3 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Operator revenues back but capex reflects caution Global revenues $2.0 $1.0 $0.5 $0.0 2000 $400 2005 2010 Global capital expenditure Mobile operators Fixed operators $300 Cautious spending Change over year-ago quarter 25% Trillions $1.5 Mobile operators Fixed operators Global quarterly capital expenditure 20% Fixed operators Mobile operators 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% 1Q09 3Q09 1Q10 3Q10 1Q11 -10% -15% Millions -20% $200 -25% $100 $0 2000 2005 2010 Capex growing since 4Q10 for mobile, 1Q11 for fixed Source: Ovum “1Q11 capex report” 4 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Optical networking market recovered late 2010 25% Optical networking vendor revenue 20% Y-Y change 15% 1Q11 vs 1Q10 3Q10 turning point 10% •Optical transport +7 % 5% 2010 vs 2009 •Optical networking -2 % 0% 1Q08 1Q09 1Q10 1Q11 -5% -10% -15% Source: Ovum “Network Infrastructure market share” Optical networking recovered later than other infrastructure segments 5 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Optical component market had 2 strong years but pulls back in 2011 $2 $7 Revenues Annualized $6 $4 $1 $3 $ billionis $ billions $5 $2 $1 $- $1Q08 2Q08 3Q08 4Q08 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 Components outpaced optical networking through 2010 1H2011 inventory correction as well as cautious carrier spending cited 6 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Why does the component market look so different from the system market? 7 Bullwhip effect: oscillations are amplified at lower tiers of value chain Different dynamics in access and datacom end markets New product bright spots are not immune to market turmoil— quite the opposite © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Optical component revenues no longer tracking steady growth? $4,000 OC ON normalized Capex normalized PON normalized 2 per. Mov. Avg. (OC) Revenues ($ million) $3,500 $3,000 Fttx: unsustainable optical costs $2,500 ? $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $1999 8 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2003-2008: Components track optical networking and capex. Growth is remarkably linear 2009-2011: Components grow faster, partly from rapid growth of PON © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Three vertical markets for OC Service providers (SPs) Networking OEM FTTx System OEM $$$$ Alcatel-Lucent, Fiberhome, Fujitsu, Huawei, Mitsubishi, Motorola, Sumitomo, ZTE... OC vendors OC vendors Finisar, Sumitomo, JDSU, Oclaro, Avago, Opnext, Source Photonics... Neophotonics, OKI, Sumitomo, Source Photonics... $ Materials 9 AT&T, BT, Verizon, ... Amazon, Google, Facebook, NYSE Euronext AT&T, BT, China Telecom, FT, DT, NTT, Verizon, ... ON & IP System OEM Alcatel-Lucent, Brocade, Cisco, ECI, Ericsson, Huawei, Juniper, Motorola, NEC, Nokia/NSN, Nortel, Tellabs, ZTE... Datacenter Operators Service providers (SPs) America Movil, AT&T, BT, China Mobile, China Telecom, FT, DT, NTT, Saudi Telecom, Sprint, Telefónica, TI, Verizon, Vodafone, Zain... $$$$ Arista, Brocade, Cisco, EMC, Extreme, Force10, IBM, HP, Mellanox, Qlogic $$$$ OC vendors Avago, Emcore, Finisar, JDSU, Santur,Sumitomo, TE Connectivity… $ Materials Materials $ •Typically up 60%+ of OC market but fell to 56% in 2008 •Makes up 15- 20% + of OC revenues •Makes up 15- 20% + of OC revenues •2 major segments are Transmission and Transport (common equipment). Transport hard hit by ROADM inventory • Optics make up larger % of BOM, especially for ONU/ONT side. Intense pressure to reduce cost • Faster to shut off but also faster to turn on spending •Mega-datacenters and cloud computing drives growth and mix shift © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Dynamics of three end markets appear to account for much of the components gyrations $1,700 OC revenue weighted system revenue For each $ spent at system level, this model claims: $1,600 $1,500 • $0.18 to OC if from WAN optical network $1,400 $1,300 • $0.50 to OC if from FTTx $1,200 • $0.15 to OC if from LAN/SAN* $1,100 $1,000 $900 No attempt was made to quantify inventory 10 11 10 1Q 10 4Q 10 3Q 10 2Q 1Q 09 4Q 09 3Q 09 09 2Q 08 1Q 08 4Q 08 3Q 2Q 1Q 08 $800 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Contrast between datacom vs telecom dynamics Q/Q change 25% Optical component vendor revenue from shortreach (< 1 km) transmission products 20% IT spending on servers and switches resumed mid 2009 and continues to grow each quarter. These products are ordered as needed 15% 10% 5% 0% 2Q09 25% 20% 4Q09 2Q10 4Q10 2Q11 Optical component vendor revenue from ROADM & filter products Q/Q change 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% 2Q09 -10% -15% -20% 11 In early 2010, system houses worried about component shortages, order long-lead time items such as ROADMS 4Q09 2Q10 4Q10 2Q11 By early 2011, a combination of slower-than-expected carrier spending and deliberate inventory caused dramatic slowdown in ROADM orders © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. OC challenged to hold onto improvements in margin 50% 40% Operating margin Gross margin Margin 30% 20% 10% 0% -10% 1Q08 1Q09 1Q10 1Q11 -20% Source: Financial statements from AFOP, Avago, Avanex, Emcore, Finisar, JDSU, NeoPhotonics, Oclaro, Oplink, Opnext, and Source Photonics. 12 Industry aggregate gross and operating margins topped out in late 2010. Despite recent decline, gross and operating margins are still near historic highs. Revenue decline but also increased R&D cited as causes © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. New technology dominates outlook… for good and bad 13 Optical packet: converged packet optical functionality showing up in multiple system product types ROADM: high penetration of ROADM functionality in metro and long-haul systems Inventory correction on existing component products (e.g. 1x9 WSS) New versions in the pipeline (e.g. larger 1x20, smaller 1x2, flex-grid) 40G/100G: 40G ports ramping since mid-2008,100G since mid-2010 Merchant line- and client-side transponders with roadmaps to decrease power, size and cost Hot products not without their own troubles Existing ROADM components (e.g. 1x9 WSS) have long leadtimes, made bullwhip worse through inventory Next-gen WSS in the pipeline costs R&D (e.g. larger 1x20, flexgrid) Multiple entrants into tunable XFP increases competition 40G modules also having inventory issues © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. 100G: strong growth just starting $1,000 Merchant 100G transponder revenue Client Lineside $800 Millions $600 $400 $200 $0 2009 14 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. 100G: strong and growth continues $1,000 Merchant 10G transponder revenue Client Lineside $800 Millions $600 $400 $200 $0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 10G not over yet: tunable SFP+, full reach tunable XFP… 15 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. 100G: strong growth plus access penetration driven by datacom 10G $2,600 Merchant 10G module revenue $2,400 Datacom Fttx Client Lineside $2,200 $2,000 $1,800 Millions $1,600 $1,400 $1,200 $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 10GbE replacing GbE as “unit of currency” in datacenter 16 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Outlook is for continued steady growth in optical components Optical components and modules market $12 millions $10 $8 $6 $4 Forecast Actuals $2 20 15 20 13 20 11 20 09 20 07 20 05 20 03 20 01 19 99 $0 But competition will be particularly fierce for hot products 17 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Summary C Carrier capex, optical networking and optical components have now recovered from 2008 recession Different parts of industry recovered at different times. Carrier capex finally up compared to year-ago quarter in Q1 and Q2 of 2011. D Optical components contracted 2Q11 after outpacing networks “hot products” vulnerable to inventory issues due to long lead time and buyer response to scarcity (ROADM WSS, 40G). Yet to come: tunable XFP price competition, further FTTx cost reduction C 18 Positive long-term outlook persists and strong end-user demand for bandwidth continues © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group. Thank you! 19 © Copyright Ovum. All rights reserved. Ovum is part of the Datamonitor Group.