Oxyfuel Gas Welding: Flat
Position
4 Basic Positions In Welding
• Flat– Also known as “down hand welding”
– The easiest and most efficient position
• Horizontal
• Vertical
• Overhead
Holding The Torch
• Held Like A Pencil
• Held Like A Hammer
Forehand Welding
• Torch tip is held so that the flame is pointing
in the direction of travel
Backhand Welding
• Torch tip is held so that the flame is pointed
away from the direction of travel
Torch Angles
• Travel Angle
• Work Angle
• Push Angle
• Drag Angle
Travel Angle
• Angle between a line perpendicular (90°) to
the weld axis
• Proper angle to create a weld pool is (35-45°)
Work Angle
• Angle between a line perpendicular to the
major work piece and a plane determined by
the centerline of the torch tip and weld axis
Push Angle
• Angle used during forehand welding when the
welding end of an electrode or a gas flame
points in the direction of travel
Drag Angle
• Angle used during backhand welding when
the welding end of an electrode or gas flame
points opposite the direction of travel
Creating A Continuous Weld Pool
• Weld Pool- small pool of molten metal that is
formed directly below the welding flame
• Penetration is controlled by the width of the weld
pool.
• The width of the pool should increase as the
metal gets thicker.
• A wider pool results in deeper penetration
Selecting A Welding Rod
• A welding rod is added to a weld pool to
accomplish:
– Fill a groove weld
– Form a fillet weld
– Fill a weld pool that has a depression in it
– Make a completed weld as strong as the base
metal
Welding Rod Sizes
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1/16th (16mm)
3/32nd (2.4mm)
1/8th (3.2mm)
5/32nd (4.0mm)
3/16th (4.8mm)
1/4th (6.4mm)
5/16th (7.9mm)
3/8th (9.5mm)
Laying A Weld Bead
• Adding filler metal to a weld pool
• Flat Bead Weld- a flat bead contour used
when the bead will be ground down or
machines
• Convex Bead Weld- a weld bead with a surface
that curves outward, away from the root of
the weld
Your Assignment
• Define Technical Terms (Page 271)
• Review Question #1-10 (Page 286)