Aadhaar-enabled
Direct Benefits Transfer
Architecture
Unique Identification Authority of India
www.uidai.gov.in
July 22, 2013
Structure of the Presentation
Basic Concepts
Aadhaar Payments System (APB)
 What is APB?
 Pre-requisites for APB Readiness
 APB Processes
 Roles & Responsibilities
Aadhaar Enabled Payment Systems (AEPS)
 What is AEPS?
 Pre-requisites for AEPS Readiness
 AEPS Processes
 Roles & Responsibilities
Basic Terms/Concepts (1/2)
• Aadhaar Payments Bridge (APB) – A common
infrastructure through which money can be
transferred to beneficiaries of various govt.
Schemes using just the Aadhaar number and
amount
• Micro-ATM – A standard handheld device for BCbased transactions capable of using UIDAI’s
authentication system
• Aadhaar Enabled Payments System (AEPS) – An
inter-operable network using which people can
conduct basic banking transactions through BCs
by using online biometric authentication of UIDAI
Basic Terms/Concepts (2/2)
• Authentication – Matching of Aadhaar no.
and biometrics with the data maintained in
the UIDAI’s back-end system to enable
residents to prove their identity electronically
for availing services and benefits
• Sponsor Bank – Bank where the State/ District
maintains their account
• Destination Bank – Bank where the
beneficiary account is maintained
Enrolment Status Phase I – (1/2)
State Name
Chandigarh
Daman & Diu
Delhi
Delhi
Haryana
Haryana
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Madhya
Pradesh
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Punjab
Punjab
District Name
Chandigarh
Daman
North East
North West Delhi
Ambala
Sonipat
Hazaribagh
Ramgarh
Ranchi
Seraikela-Kharsawan
Dharwad
Hoshangabad
Amravati
Mumbai
Nandurbar
Pune
Fatehgarh Sahib
Gurdaspur
Total
Population
1054686
190855
2240749
3651261
1136784
1480080
1734005
949159
2912022
1063458
1846993
1240975
2887826
12478447
1646177
9426959
599814
2299026
Total Aadhaar Total Aadhaar Total Aadhaar
Generated (Till Generated (Till Generated
Last week) Current Week) (Current Week)
837625
841807
4182
100922
101240
318
1446384
1448924
2540
3201465
3222625
21160
838609
850867
12258
973548
985541
11993
1168327
1183982
15655
653921
663727
9806
1986334
2001148
14814
659834
669838
10004
1176133
1204282
28149
1038432
2041034
9049391
865534
4764934
495327
1529401
1044758
2075590
9163522
899264
4862159
497295
1557230
6326
34556
114131
33730
97225
1968
27829
% of
Population
Covered
79.8%
53.0%
64.7%
88.3%
74.8%
66.6%
68.3%
69.9%
68.7%
63.0%
65.2%
84.2%
71.9%
73.4%
54.6%
51.6%
82.9%
67.7%
Enrolment Status Phase I – Cont (2/2)
State Name
District Name
Sikkim
East
Sikkim
West
Tripura
Dhalai
Tripura
North Tripura
Tripura
South Tripura
Tripura
West Tripura
Andhra Pradesh Anantapur
Andhra Pradesh Chittoor
Andhra Pradesh East Godavari
Hyderabad &
Andhra Pradesh Rangareddy
Daman & Diu Diu
Goa
North Goa
Karnataka
Mysore
Karnataka
Tumkur
Kerala
Pathanamthitta
Kerala
Wayanad
Maharashtra Wardha
Pondicherry
Pondicherry
Punjab
SBS Nagar
Madhya
Pradesh
East Nimar
Madhya
Pradesh
Harda
Total
Population
281293
136299
377988
693281
875144
1724619
4083315
4170468
5151549
Total Aadhaar Total Aadhaar Total Aadhaar
Generated (Till Generated (Till Generated
Last week) Current Week) (Current Week)
239986
240898
912
113257
113479
222
316641
317755
1114
537752
538685
933
717126
717186
60
1400776
1401761
985
3559156
3559883
727
3726712
3749865
23153
4791225
4807050
15825
% of
Population
Covered
85.6%
83.3%
84.1%
77.7%
82.0%
81.3%
87.2%
89.9%
93.3%
9306634
52056
817761
2994744
2681449
1195537
816558
1296157
946600
614362
9191792
46147
718701
2692246
2392033
1073944
731765
1103586
861098
520698
9278664
46599
725890
2696146
2395929
1078285
733946
1107075
861175
522423
86872
452
7189
3900
3896
4341
2181
3489
77
1725
99.7%
89.5%
88.8%
90.0%
89.4%
90.2%
89.9%
85.4%
91.0%
85.0%
1309443
1031234
1032605
1371
78.9%
570302
441388
443841
2453
77.8%
Enrolment Status Phase II – 1/4
State Name
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Andhra pradesh
Bihar
Bihar
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh
Delhi
Delhi
Delhi
Delhi
Delhi
Delhi
District Name
Adilabad
Cuddapah (YSR
Kadapa)
Guntur
Krishna
Kurnool
Nalgonda
Srikakulam
Vizianagaram
Arwal
Sheikhpura
Sheohar
Dhamtari
Koriya
Central Delhi
East Delhi
North Delhi
South Delhi
South West Delhi
West Delhi
Total Aadhaar
Total Aadhaar
Generated (Till Last Generated (Till
Total Population week)
Current Week)
2737738
2228899
2239158
2884524
4889230
4529009
4046601
3483648
2699471
2342868
699563
634927
656916
799199
659039
578671
1707725
883418
2733752
2292363
2531583
2223795
4317280
3935326
1326761
1987903
2561317
1115977
33272
57826
21859
139886
77364
698639
1697475
808105
2078324
1905283
2070048
2268626
4338516
3949583
1340405
2000201
2563319
1118356
37291
79523
26650
150325
82535
700957
1703070
810320
2088751
1909732
2076803
Total
Aadhaar
Generated % of
(Current Population
Week)
Covered
10259
81.8%
44831
21236
14257
13644
12298
2002
2379
4019
21697
4791
10439
5171
2318
5595
2215
10427
4449
6755
78.6%
88.7%
87.2%
33.1%
57.4%
95.0%
47.7%
5.3%
12.5%
4.1%
18.8%
12.5%
121.1%
99.7%
91.7%
76.4%
83.3%
82.0%
Enrolment Status Phase II – 2/4
State Name
Goa
Gujarat
Gujarat
Gujarat
Gujarat
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Kerala
Total Aadhaar
Total Aadhaar
Generated (Till Last Generated (Till
District Name
Total Population week)
Current Week)
South Goa
639962
545774
547212
Anand
2090276
306369
319322
Bhavnagar
2877961
511520
519148
Mahesana
2027727
486705
495391
Valsad
1703068
389624
393772
Kullu
437474
341030
343629
Solan
576670
424063
425224
Bokaro
2061918
1285552
1294061
Khunti
530299
365140
366686
Lohardaga
461738
304695
308737
Alappuzha
2121943
1774162
1783685
Ernakulam
3279860
2705730
2713993
Idukki
1107453
920987
924707
Kannur
2525637
2008603
2018825
Kottayam
1979384
1602088
1616644
Kozhikode
3089543
2560983
2569463
Palakkad
2810892
2205149
2226295
Thiruvananthapuram
3307284
2601448
2609308
Thrissur
3110327
2557511
2567398
Total
Aadhaar
Generated % of
(Current Population
Week)
Covered
1438
85.5%
12953
15.3%
7628
18.0%
8686
24.4%
4148
23.1%
2599
78.5%
1161
73.7%
8509
62.8%
1546
69.1%
4042
66.9%
9523
84.1%
8263
82.7%
3720
83.5%
10222
79.9%
14556
81.7%
8480
83.2%
21146
79.2%
7860
78.9%
9887
82.5%
Enrolment Status Phase II – 3/4
State Name
Lakshadweep
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Odisha
Odisha
Odisha
Odisha
Puducherry
Punjab
Punjab
Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rajasthan
District Name
Lakshadweep
Bhopal
Burhanpur
Jabalpur
Aurangabad (MH)
Gondiya
Jalgaon
Jalna
Latur
Ratnagiri
Balangir
Cuttack
Puri
Sonapur
Yanam
Barnala
Jalandhar
Jhunjhunun
Kota
Pali
Total Aadhaar
Total Aadhaar
Generated (Till Last Generated (Till
Total Population week)
Current Week)
64429
46411
46433
2368145
1579612
1586807
756993
541581
542424
2460714
1565229
1570392
3695928
1889887
1911234
1322331
734891
745615
4224442
2372532
2401085
1958483
1061447
1064961
2455543
1292295
1305767
1612672
1006704
1008511
1648574
931529
935661
2618708
1284596
1291969
1697983
865992
875189
652107
13465
13930
55616
25548
25837
596294
450523
454018
2181753
1588521
1613941
2139658
976190
994304
1950491
941203
950443
2038533
696018
721233
Total
Aadhaar
Generated % of
(Current Population
Week)
Covered
22
72.1%
7195
67.0%
843
71.7%
5163
63.8%
21347
51.7%
10724
56.4%
28553
56.8%
3514
54.4%
13472
53.2%
1807
62.5%
4132
56.8%
7373
49.3%
9197
51.5%
465
2.1%
289
46.5%
3495
76.1%
25420
74.0%
18114
46.5%
9240
48.7%
25215
35.4%
Enrolment Status Phase II – 4/4
State Name
Sikkim
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
West Bengal
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Total
District Name
North
South
Ariyalur
Pudukkottai
Tiruchirappalli
Amethi
Chitrakoot
Etawah
Rae Bareli
Sant Kabir Nagar
Shrawasti
Bageshwar
Champawat
Tehri Garhwal
Haora
Koch Bihar
Bilaspur (HP)
Hamirpur (HP)
Mandi
Una
Total Aadhaar
Total Aadhaar
Generated (Till Last Generated (Till
Total Population week)
Current Week)
43354
27690
27843
146742
125289
125390
752481
483224
483965
1618725
896370
897504
2713858
1567820
1571774
0
29952
34682
990626
37850
40917
1579160
362203
368351
3404004
86449
95111
1714300
56594
58594
1114615
80534
86478
259840
25108
25513
259315
46213
50246
616409
22358
23075
4841638
2683044
2689608
2822780
1469669
1475627
382056
370922
371612
454293
469424
470134
999518
930175
932462
521057
512171
512819
140263829
83329705
83929080
Total
Aadhaar
Generated % of
(Current Population
Week)
Covered
153
64.2%
101
85.4%
741
64.3%
1134
55.4%
3954
57.9%
4730
NA
3067
4.1%
6148
23.3%
8662
2.8%
2000
3.4%
5944
7.8%
405
9.8%
4033
19.4%
717
3.7%
6564
55.6%
5958
52.3%
690
96.4%
710
102.7%
2287
91.7%
648
97.9%
599375
59.8%
Preparatory/One-Time Steps
• Government Departments: Digitize
Beneficiary database and Seed Aadhaar
numbers. This will clean up databases and
make departments ready to use APB
• Banks: Open bank accounts or link existing
accounts with Aadhaar number. Populate
NPCI’s mapper (Aadhaar No – Bank ID)
• National Payments Corporation of India:
Maintain the Mapping of Aadhaar no and
Bank
Aadhaar Enabled Direct Benefits Transfer
Government
Departments /
User Agency
Ensure digitized/electronic
database of beneficiaries
Banks
Central Mapper /
NPCI
Resident
Open/Link Aadhaar
Enabled Bank Account
(AEBA) with any bank of
choice
All Banks communicate
Aadhaar no of all AEBA to
Central Mapper
Maintain an updated
Central Mapper and
Aadhaar Payment Bridge
(APB)
Seed Aadhaar to clean up
databases and act as
financial address
Generate payment advise
file – Aadhaar no &
amount to be transferred
Electronically share file
with the Sponsor bank of
Department
Sponsor Bank posts
payment advise file to
Central Mapper for all OFFUS transactions
Receive confirmation from
Sponsor bank on transfer
status / further action
Sponsor Bank updates
Department and takes
corrective action, if any
Facilitate transfer/
settlement across banks
Use Aadhaar
authentication (AEPS) or
other channels to
withdraw money
Legends:
Update Sponsor Bank of
status & failures, if any
One-time activities
Recurring activities
Aadhaar Payments Bridge –
How it works
Govt. Department prepares an electronic file containing
Aadhaar no and amount
Govt. Department sends the file to the bank where scheme
account is maintained
Bank sends to Aadhaar Payments Bridge (APB) (owned and
operated by NPCI)
APB routes money to the concerned banks. Banks credit
the money in beneficiaries’ accounts
Department can send SMS informing the beneficiary about
the money being sent. Banks can also send when the
money arrives in the accounts
APB Process
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Routing of Aadhaar Payments Bridge will be done basis Institute Identification Number (IIN) provided by
National Payments Corportation of India (NPCI) to participant banks
Sponsor Banks will upload APB File onto NPCI server
File will contain Aadhaar Number, Bank IIN, Amount & Job Referance Number
NPCI will process uploaded files, prepare draweee bank files and generate settlement file
Settlement file wil be posted to bank accounts with RBI
Destination banks can download the incoming files for credit processing after the settlement file has been
processed
Advantages of APB to Departments
•
Removes fakes/ duplicates from the beneficiaries list leading to savings
•
Eases the entire process for transferring benefits as the Govt. just needs to know
the Aadhaar numbers of the beneficiaries without seeding bank account details in
every scheme database
•
Eliminate Errors/Frauds as the resident is in control of his data at both ends
(Department and Bank). Direct linking ( of Domain ID with Bank Account) without
Aadhaar is a non-trivial problem.
•
Ensures Scalability as each scheme does not require to populate their database
with bank account details. APB is a platform
•
Bank account changes do not affect the transfer systems for various schemes
•
Resident-centric view of payments under various schemes. This will enable
weeding out those people who may be availing LPG as well as Kerosene subsidy
and benefits of multiple schemes.
•
Digital audit trail & Transparency
•
Real time monitoring and efficient funds & program management
End-to-end transparency and accountability
Aadhaar linkage in the Government and Bank databases provides end-to-end visibility of
subsidy and benefits payments from Government to the beneficiaries.
Bank
Aadhaar
Pension ID
8384 8239 5837
3883923
Aadhaar
Account
4390 9203 9593
8592374
8384 8239 5837
27390239
4390 9203 9593
397802232
Aadhaar
MicroATM
8384 8239 5837
736509
4390 9203 9593
583902
Customer
Service Point
Government
16
Snapshot of Daily report – available to all stakeholders
Scheme Wise breakup dated 13-07-2013
Sl
Scheme Name
No
1
2
3
4
5
BHARAT PETROLEUM
CORPORATION LPG SUBSIDY
CPSMS
HINDUSTAN PETROLEUM
CORPORATION LPG SUBSIDY
INDIAN OIL CORPORATION
LPG SUBSIDY
OLD AGE PENSION
6
POST MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP
FOR OBC STUDENT
7
POST MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP
FOR SC STUDENT
POST MATRIC SCHOLARSHIP
FOR ST STUDENT
RAJIV GANDHI NATIONAL
9
FELLOWSHIP
10 UIDAI
8
Total
Volume
(Nos)
Bank Name
District
Amount(Rs.)
State Bank of India
Bank of Maharashtra
Bombay
Pune
9,086 3,958,450.79
1
700.00
State Bank of India
Bombay
25,652 11,194,546.57
State Bank of India
State Bank of India
State Bank of India
State Bank of Patiala
ICICI Bank Ltd
Indian Bank
State Bank of Patiala
Bombay
Puduchery
Pune
Shimla
barnala
Puduchery
Shimla
20,447 8,829,664.80
48,083 48,093,600.00
19
42,915.00
27 1,242,071.00
8
33,440.00
148 2,338,154.00
59 2,886,553.00
State Bank of Patiala
Shimla
Indian Bank
Canara Bank
Puduchery
Chandigarh
4
220,921.00
46
18
853,600.00
18.00
103,598 79,694,634.16
Advantage of APB to Beneficiaries
•
No need to open multiple accounts. Just open
one and link it to Aadhaar.
•
Residents more comfortable in disclosing only
the Aadhaar number to Govt. Agencies (e.g. LPG
Dealers) rather than bank account details
•
In case of change in bank account, resident does
not need to convey account details or change in
bank details to each department that he deals
with
Roles and Responsibilities
Central/State Government
Banks
1. Digitization of Data
1. Open Aadhaar Enabled Bank Account
2. Aadhaar Seeding with Schemes
2. Link Aadhaar with Account Number
3. Educating District/Block/Panchayat Level
Officials
3. Integrate with NPCI
4. Preparation of e-Payment Advice
4. Define Exception Handling Process
5. Agreement with Banks
5. Define Escalation Matrix
UIDAI
4. Update APB Mapper on periodic basis
APB
1. Coordinate with State and Central Registrars
for Aadhaar Enrolment
2. Ensure timely generation of Aadhaar
Numbers
3. Provide Authentication Infrastructure
6. Educate Branch Officials
APB – Current Status
• More than 100 banks live on APB including
Cooperative banks and RRBs
• As of July 15, more than 25 lakh transactions
have taken place through APB since Jan 1 with
more than Rs. 200 cr. transferred
• As on date, more than 1.55 cr. Aadhar
numbers mapped at NPCI
APB - Important issues
• State/ District to monitor that the files uploaded to banks are
processed the same day
• Sponsor Bank is liable to provide a return file to State/ District
on a daily basis as NPCI generates a daily file
• Procedure to be firmed up for records returned basis the
reason codes
• NPCI charges 20 paise per transaction from Sponsor Bank for
inter-bank transactions. Number of banks in the country are
willing to absorb this charge
• Push Sponsor Banks to send all transactions including intrabank through APB in order to ensure end-to-end visibility
APB - Important issues
• Aadhaar Numbers don’t start with 0 and 1
• State are requested to incorporate Verhoeff algorithm to
ensure structural validity of the Aadhaar number
Structure of the Presentation
Context and Concepts
Aadhaar Payments System (APB)
 What is APB?
 Pre-requisites for APB Readiness
 APB Processes
 Roles & Responsibilities
Aadhaar Enabled Payment Systems (AEPS)
 What is AEPS?
 Pre-requisites for AEPS Readiness
 AEPS Processes
 Roles & Responsibilities
Convenient Cash Withdrawal Through AEPS
Beneficiary approaches a BC of any Bank
with her Aadhaar number
BC feeds the Aadhaar number, fingerprints
and amount in the micro-ATM
Aadhaar server authenticates the ID of
the resident.
After successful Aadhaar authentication,
beneficiary can carry out the transaction
AEPS Process Flow
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
A resident is required to provide their Aadhaar Number and fingerprint impression at the microATM Level
Leveraging GPRS Data Connectivity Signal, data packets are transferred to Bank Switch to NPCI to UIDAI in a
digitally signed and encrypted manner
UIDAI Authentication Server decrypts the data packet and performs a 1:1 match against the Aadhaar
Number
Based on the matching of fingerprint impression in data packet versus the fingerprint impression in backend, UIDAI Authentication Server will return a Yes or No response only
Using the same route a digitally signed and encrypted response will be sent back to Banks, wherein
depending upon the response they can proceed to conclude the financial transaction
In case of residents with Biometric Exception, the software deployed by banks at microATM level provides
an interface to perform financial transaction after fulfilling the pre-requisite policies in place, thus
providing an opportunity to mail electronic trail of data
Advantages of AEPS
• Beneficiary can receive money at doorstep
• Inter-operable system thereby ensuring
customer is not tied to one bank’s BC
• Network of BCs, bank branches and Post
Office can leverage a single biometric
authentication system accessible through
microATMs
• Efficiency in public expenditure as no need for
banks to separately capture biometrics and
develop their own de-duplication and
Authentication systems
Roles and Responsibilities
Banks (AUA)
Domain Aggregator (ASA)
1. Sign Agreement with UIDAI
1. Sign Agreement with UIDAI
2. Sign Agreement with ASAs
2. Integrate with UIDAI
3. Integrate with ASAs
3. Define Escalation Matrix
4. Procurement of microATMs
4. Certify AUAs
5. Deployment of BCs
6. Define Escalation Matrix
7. 24X7Automated Monitoring
UIDAI
1. Provide Authentication Infrastructure
2. Define Escalation Matrix
AEPS
Government
1. Sign Agreements with Banks
AEPS - Current Status
• Device specifications frozen in August 2012
• More than 10,000 Micro-ATMs deployed by Indiapost/
banks in Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chandigarh, Delhi,
Tripura & Maharashtra currently for various schemes
• Nearly 15 lakh beneficiaries have already received their
payments through BCs and online microATMs using
Aadhaar biometric authentication
• Expected to scale to more than 25,000 microATMs by endAugust
• UIDAI is funding 1 lakh microATMs to banks @ Rs. 15,000
each
Other important updates
• Ministry of Finance (Department of
Expenditure) has notified that banks can be
paid commission for DBT transactions
• The Commission is payable @ 1% + 1%
Three Steps to Enable Direct Cash Transfer
Issue notification
to use Aadhaar
as Financial
Address and
Aadhaar Enabled
Payment
Digitization of
data and Linking
Aadhaar to
Scheme Identifier
Notification to
Banks on opening
Aadhaar Enabled
Bank Accounts
and Aadhaar
Linking
Support from UIDAI
1. Enrolment centers in target districts
2. Banks and Departments are
Registrars and can facilitate
enrolment
1111 2222 3333
Link Aadhaar
Aadhaar Enabled Bank Accounts (AEBA)
Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AEPS)
Aadhaar Payment Bridge
(APB)
1. Aadhaar Seeding tools such as
SRDH, RASF etc
2. ICT Assistance & Advisory services
to State Governments
1. Facilitate Banks for adopting
APB & AEPS
Thank You!