Genomic Selection in Dairy Cattle
Dr.Wuttigrai Boonkum
Genomic Selection
• Dairy cattle most are specialised dairy breed
Holstein, Jersey, Brown Swiss, Ayrshire
• Some dual propose
Simmental, Montbeliarde, Normande, etc
• More than 80% AI from AI companies
• Global exchange of genetic so international
genetic evaluation
Genomic Selection
P=G+E
Genetic evaluation or Molecular genetics
Appropriated major gene only
Need time and data complete
Genomic Selection,
What does it bring us?
• Reliable breeding values at young age
– higher success rate to get top bulls
– lower costs for test proofs
– shorter generation-interval
Reliability of breeding values
Categorie
Production Type
Longevity
Parent average
35%
35%
30%
GS young bull
50-55%
45-50%
40-45%
1st EBV (prog.)
80%
75%
50-65%
2nd EBV (prog.) 89%
81%
50-80%
50% reliability is realistic
Advantages of Genomic Selection
• Increased genetic improvement (30-40%)
• Higher genetic level of test sires
• Higher genetic level of Delta embryo’s
• Wider portfolio of commercial bulls & higher
level
• More outcross; less inbreeding
Disadvantages of Genomic Selection
• New method, not fully proven or tested
• Need to genotype a sufficiently large set of
animals for accurate GEBV
• Across breed accuracy low
• Genotypes still costly (10,000 bath/head)
1. การกาหนดเป้าหมายของการปรับปรุงพันธุ์โคนม
1. การกาหนดเป้าหมายของการปรับปรุงพันธุ์โคนม
องค์ประกอบน้ำนม
ผลผลิตน้ำนม
ควำมสมบูรณ์พนั ธุ์
ลักษณะกำรต้ำนทำนโรค
ลักษณะโครงร่ำง
พันธุ์โคนมของประเทศไทย
TMZ
TF
Friebrah
3. การใช้ระบบผสมข้ามพันธุ์ที่เหมาะสม
Table 3 Comparison of average of milk yield, reproductive performance and economic returns of Thai Friesian (TF),
Thai milking zebu (TMZ) and Friebrah (FB)
Dairy cattle crossbreds
Traits
Milk yield (kg/head/lactation)
Milk yield (kg/head/day)
Day in milk (day)
First oestrus after calving (day)
Calving interval (day)
Number of service per conception (times)
Income (baht/lactation)
Production cost (baht/lactation)
Milk production cost (baht/kg)
Net profit (baht)
Source: (สดใส
และคณะ, 2549 ก,ข)
TF
TMZ
FB
4,517.76+384.19
14.39+2.92
314.45+24
69.17+28
415.10+72
2.10+0.87
52,406.01
29,795.39
6.37
22,610.62
3,902.57+460.91
13.34+4.06
292.30+28
68.19+43
399.90+49
1.70+0.82
45,269.87
28,032.08
7.49
17,237.79
2,472.90+456.12
9.20+1.21
268.50+51
54.23+28
363.70+43
1.40+0.69
28,676.24
24,646.17
9.91
4,030.07
4. การใช้พนั ธุศาสตร์โมเลกุลในการปรับปรุงพันธุ์โคนม
Heritability
high
BLUP
medium,
low
BLUP
Traditional
Selection index
by MT-BLUP
ΔG
ΔG
MAS
Selection index
by MA-BLUP
ΔG
Selection index
including
MA information
Pre-selection
by marker
confirmed
by MT-BLUP
index
ΔG
Figure 6 Dairy cattle improvement using BLUP and genetic marker scheme