Adjective / Adverb Slides
Recollection
How do you make cautus, cauta, cautum an
adverb?
CAUTE
What about fortis?
FORTITER
Circle the Adj or Adv.
Superlative Adverbs:
If you make cautus, a, um an adverb by dropping
the ending and adding an ‘e’ (caute),
How do you think you’d make a
superlative adjective and adverb?
cautissimus, a, um 
celerrimus, a, um 
? (very cautiously)
? (very swiftly)
Examples:
sauvissimus (sweetest)  sauvissime (most
sweetly)
tardissimus (most late)  tardissime (most lately)
celerrimus (swiftest)  celerrime (most swiftly)
How do we make an adjective
Comparative?
suavis
tardus
celer
Comparative adjectives 
adverbs
suavior, suavior, suavius (sweeter)
becomes suavius (more sweetly)
tardior, tardior, tardius (later)
becomes tardius (more lately)
celerior, celerior, celerius (swifter)
becomes celerius (more swiftly)
Comparative Adjectives
• Rōmānī sunt callidī, sed Graecī sunt
callidiōrēs quam Rōmānī.
• Mea vīlla est pulchra, sed tua vīlla est pulchrior
quam mea.
Comparative Adjectives
• Rōmānī sunt callidī, sed Graecī sunt
callidiōrēs quam Rōmānī.
The Romans are clever, but the Greeks are more
clever than the Romans
• Mea vīlla est pulchra, sed tua vīlla est pulchrior
quam mea.
Comparative Adjectives
• Rōmānī sunt callidī, sed Graecī sunt callidiōrēs quam
Rōmānī.
The Romans are clever, but the Greeks are more clever
than the Romans
• Mea vīlla est pulchra, sed tua vīlla est pulchrior quam
mea.
My villa is beautiful, but your villa is more beautiful than
mine.
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
fortis, fortis, forte : brave
fortiter : bravely
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
fortis, fortis, forte : brave
fortiter : bravely
fortior, fortior, fortius : braver
fortius : more bravely
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
fortis, fortis, forte : brave
fortiter : bravely
fortior, fortior, fortius : braver
fortius : more bravely
fortissimus, -a, -um : most / very brave
fortissimē : most / very bravely
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
fortiter : bravely
fortius : more bravely
fortissimē : most / very bravely
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
callidē : cleverly
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
callidē : cleverly
callidior, callidior, callidius :
more/rather clever
_______ : more cleverly
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
callidē : cleverly
callidior, callidior, callidius :
more/rather clever
callidius : more cleverly
The neuter form of the
comparative adjective is the
compartative adverb!
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
callidē : cleverly
callidior, callidior, callidius :
more/rather clever
callidius : more cleverly
callidissimus, -a, -um : most/very clever
____________ : most/very cleverly
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
callidē : cleverly
callidior, callidior, callidius :
more/rather clever
callidius : more cleverly
callidissimus, -a, -um : most/very clever
callidissimē : most/very cleverly
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidē : cleverly
callidius : more cleverly
callidissimē : most/very cleverly
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
Special meaning for the comparative
medicus tardius advēnit.
The doctor arrived too late.
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
Idiomatic use of the superlative with
quam:
medicus quam celerrimē advēnit.
The doctor arrived as quickly as
possible.
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
fortis, fortis, forte : brave
fortiter : bravely
fortior, fortior, fortius : braver
fortius : more bravely
fortissimus, -a, -um : most / very brave
fortissimē : most / very bravely
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
fortiter : bravely
fortius : more bravely
fortissimē : most / very bravely
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidus, -a, -um : clever
callidē : cleverly
callidior, callidior, callidius :
more/rather clever
callidius : more cleverly
callidissimus, -a, -um : most/very clever
callidissimē : most/very cleverly
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
callidē : cleverly
callidius : more cleverly
callidissimē : most/very cleverly
Practice: Make the following adjectives adverbs
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
altus  highly
altior  more highly
altissimus  v highly
celer  swiftly
celerius  more swiftly
celerrimum  v swiftly
laeta  happily
laetior  more happily
laetissima  most
happily
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
alte
altius
altissime
celeriter
celerius
celerrime
laete
laetius
laetissime
Practice: Translate the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
alte
altius
altissime
celeriter
celerius
celerrime
laete
laetius
laetissime
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
altus  highly
altior  more highly
altissimus  very highly
celer  swiftly
celerius  more swiftly
celerrimum  very swiftly
laeta  happily
laetior  more happily
laetissima  most happily
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
Special meaning for the comparative
medicus tardius advēnit.
The doctor arrived too late.
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
Idiomatic use of the superlative with
quam:
medicus quam celerrimē advēnit.
The doctor arrived as quickly as
possible.
Those are the rules for regular
adjectives, but some are irregular:
Irregular Adjectives:
Regular form
bonus, a, um (good)
malus, a, um (bad)
magnus, a, um (big)
parvus, a, um (small)
multus, a, um (much)
Comparative form (-er,more)Superlative form (-est/most)
melior, melius (better)
optimus, a, um (best)
peior, peius (worse)
pessimus, a, um (worst)
maior, maius (bigger)
maximus, a, um (biggest)
minor, minus (less)
minimus, a, um (least)
plus, pluris (more)
plurimus, a, um (most)
Irregular Adverbs:
Regular form
bene (well)
male (badly)
magnopere (greatly)
paulum (little)
multum (much)
Comparative form (-er,more)Superlative form (-est/most)
melius (better)
optime (best/very well)
peius (worse)
pessime (worst/very badly)
magis (more)
maxime (most/very greatly)
minus (less)
minime (least/very little)
plus (more)
plurimum (most/very much)
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
(worksheet)
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
bonus, -a, -um
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
bonus, -a, -um
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
well :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
well :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
bene
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
well :
better:
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
bene
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
well :
better:
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
bene
melius
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
well :
better :
very well,
best :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
bene
melius
Comparison of
Adjectives/Adverbs
good :
better :
best :
well :
better :
very well,
best :
bonus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus, -a, -um
bene
melius
optimē
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The Cantiacic athlete ran more quickly than the rest.
The thieves very easily overpowered the old man.
When I heard this, I was more greatly afraid.
The soldiers fight as strongly as possible!
The doctor is able to cure you better than the astrologer.
Those youths are rather eagerly watching your daughter.
The dog was faithfully guarding his dead master.
Those who have lived badly, die badly.
Irregular Adj/Adv Matching Game
Match your cards:
Latin adjectives with English adjectives
Latin adverbs with English adverbs
When there is confusion between English
adjectives and adverbs, I marked the adverbs.
What strategies can you use?
Adverbs
Adjectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The Cantiacic athlete ran more quickly than the rest.
The thieves very easily overpowered the old man.
When I heard this, I was greatly afraid.
The soldiers fight as strongly as possible!
The doctor is able to cure you better than the astrologer.
Those youths are very eagerly watching your daughter.
The dog was faithfully guarding his dead master.
Those who have lived badly, die badly.
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: ________________
miles pessime cucurrit: ___________________
miles malus cucurrit: _____________________
miles male cucurrit: ________________________
miles plus cucurrit: ______________________
miles minor cucurrit: ______________________
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: ___________________
miles malus cucurrit: _____________________
miles male cucurrit: ________________________
miles plus cucurrit: ______________________
miles minor cucurrit: ______________________
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: _____________________
miles male cucurrit: ________________________
miles plus cucurrit: ______________________
miles minor cucurrit: ______________________
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: The bad soldier ran.
miles male cucurrit: ________________________
miles plus cucurrit: ______________________
miles minor cucurrit: ______________________
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: The bad soldier ran.
miles male cucurrit: The soldier ran badly.
miles plus cucurrit: ______________________
miles minor cucurrit: ______________________
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: The bad soldier ran.
miles male cucurrit: The soldier ran badly.
miles plus cucurrit: The soldier ran more.
miles minor cucurrit: ______________________
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: The bad soldier ran.
miles male cucurrit: The soldier ran badly.
miles plus cucurrit: The soldier ran more.
miles minor cucurrit: The smaller / lesser soldier ran.
miles minus cucurrit: _______________________
miles plurimum cucurrit: _____________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: The bad soldier ran.
miles male cucurrit: The soldier ran badly.
miles plus cucurrit: The soldier ran more.
miles minor cucurrit: The smaller / lesser soldier ran.
miles minus cucurrit: The soldier ran less.
miles plurimum cucurrit: _________________
Practice for Adj / Adv Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
miles maximus cucurrit: The largest/greatest soldier ran.
miles pessime cucurrit: The soldier ran worst/very badly.
miles malus cucurrit: The bad soldier ran.
miles male cucurrit: The soldier ran badly.
miles plus cucurrit: The soldier ran more.
miles minor cucurrit: The smaller / lesser soldier ran.
miles minus cucurrit: The soldier ran less.
miles plurimum cucurrit: The soldier ran very much / the most.
Stage Irreg Adj/adv Square Puzzle
• Match up the English words to the Latin
words to form a 4 x 4 square.
• The outside edges must have the
matching word on the opposite (mirror
image) side.
• See example.
girl
cibus, cibi (m)
ship
canis, canis (m)
laetus, laeta, laetum
happy
to come
venio, venire, veni, ventum
poet
to praise
laudare
to work
laborare
sto, stare
to stand
poeta, poetae
(m)
gustare
to taste, to enjoy
to laugh, to smile
rideo, ridēre, risi, risum
urbs, urbis (f)
ago, agere, egi,
actum
to do, to drive,
to act
vocare
to call
negotium,
negotii (n)
business
city
est
audio, audire,
audivi, auditum
you are
es
money
pecunia,
pecuniae (f)
iuvenis, iuvenis
(m)
a young person
to hear
bibo, bibere, bibi, bibitum
to drink
ambulare
to walk
food
dog
sunt
they are
to shout
clamare
dinner
cena, cenae (f)
magnus, magna, magnum
good
door
ianua, ianuae (f)
I am
sum
puella, puella (f)
bonus, bona,
bonum
farmer
agricola,
agricolae (m)
navis, navis (f)
old man
senex, senis (m)
(s)he/it is
big, great
Answers to the puzzle
free
maximus a um
melius
more (adjective)
plus
more greatly
(adverb)
magnopere
optimus a um
best (adj)
better
much a lot adverb
plus, pluris
free
well
melior, melius
good
bonus, a , um
magnus a um
big
gratis
multus a um
much/many adjective
greatly
maior, maius
plurimus a um
minor, minus
little adverb
peius
worse
minimus a um
least / smallest
(adj)
most (adjective)
magis
more (adverb)
plurimum
very much / most (adv)
peior, peius
badly
parvus a um
little/small
biggest / largest
pessime
minus
smaller
bad
malus a um
best / very well
optime
maxime
very badly
very little / least
(adv)
worse (adverb)
male
better (adverb)
bene
gratis
minime
less (adverb)
paulum
multum
worst (adj)
pessimus a um
bigger
very greatly
Ready for your Quiz?
Bona Fortuna!!!