Changes in Real National Health Expenditure (NHE) and
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capita, 1961–2012
Change in real NHE per capita
Change in real GDP per capita (5-year average)
Percentage points
10.0%
1970–93
NHE = 4.7%
GDP = 2.0%
8.0%
1993–98
1998–2003
NHE = 2.5% NHE = 4.5%
GDP = 2.6% GDP = 1.8%
2003–12
NHE = 1.8%
GDP = 0.7%
6.0%
4.0%
Avg. change
in NHE
4.3%
2.0%
Avg. change
in GDP
2.0%
0.0%
2012
2009
2006
2003
2000
1997
1994
1991
1988
1985
1982
1979
1976
1973
1970
1967
1964
1961
-2.0%
Data: Authors’ calculations based on data from U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
Source: Adapted from D. Blumenthal, K. Stremikis, and D. Cutler, “Health Care Spending—A Giant Slain or Sleeping?” New England Journal of
Medicine, published online Dec. 26, 2013.
Figure 2. Percentage of Covered Workers Enrolled in a High
Deductible Health Plan or Savings Account, 2006-13
25%
19%
20%
20%
17%
15%
13%
10%
5%
4%
8%
8%
2008
2009
5%
0%
2006
2007
2010
2011
2012
2013
Note: HDHP/SOs are defined as (1) health plans with a deductible of at least $1,000 for single coverage and $2,000 for family coverage offered
with an HRA (referred to as HDHP/HRAs); or (2) high-deductible health plans that meet the federal legal requirements to permit an enrollee to
establish and contribute to an HSA (referred to as HSA-qualified HDHPs)
Source: Kaiser Family Foundation, Health Research and Educational Trust. Employer health benefits: 2013 annual survey.