Shoulder Conditions
Chapter 11
Articulations
Sternoclavicular (SC)
Acromioclavicular (AC)
Coracoclavicular (CC)
Glenohumeral (GH)
Scapulothoracic
Sternoclavicular Joint
Surrounded anteriorly and posteriorly by
4 ligaments
Interclavicular
 Costoclavicular
 Anterior sternoclavicular
 Posterior sternoclavicular

SC enables rotation of the clavicle with
respect to the sternum
Acromioclavicular Joint
Acromion process of the scapula with
the distal clavicle is the joint
Superior and Inferior acromioclavicular
ligaments
 Coracoacromial ligament

AC enables limited motion in all three
planes of movement
Coracoclavicular Joint
Coracoid process of the scapula and
the inferior surface of the clavicle.

Coracoclavicular ligament
Resists upward movement of the
clavicle, downward movement of the
scapula, and anteroposterior movement
of the clavicle or scapula.
Glenohumeral Joint
Articulation between the glenoid fossa
of the scapula and the head of the
humerus

Superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral
ligaments
Allows just about all ranges of motion in
all three planes
Scapulothoracic Joint
Muscles attaching to the scapula from
the thoracic trunk area allow the
scapula to move
Stabilizes the shoulderPermits many movements of the
shoulder
Bursae
Subcoracoid
Subscapularis
Subacromial

Cushion the rotator cuff muscles from
overlying bone
Movements
Flexion
Extension
Hyperextension
Abduction
Adduction
Horizontal Adduction
Horizontal Abduction
Medial rotation
(internal)
Lateral rotation
(external)
Shoulder Movements
Scapulohumeral rhythm
Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain
Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain
Glenohumeral Joint Sprain
Glenohumeral Instability
Glenohumeral Dislocations
and Subluxations
Glenoid Labrum Tears
Rotator Cuff/Impingement
Injuries
Bursitis
Bicipital Tendinitis and Tendon
Rupture
Thoracic Outlet Compression
Syndroms
Clavicular Fractures
Blow or fall on the point of the shoulder
Figure 8 brace is worn for 4 to 6 weeks
Pain will be persistent on palpation and
active movements
Scapular Fractures
Spine of scapula, acromion process,
coracoid process, or the glenohumeral
joint
Either direct trauma or a forceful
contraction of the attaching muscle
Epiphyseal and Avulsion
Fractures
Growth plates do not close until 18 to 25
years of age
Excessive movements of these plates
can cause fractures
Humeral Fractures
Violent compressive forces from a direct
blow
Fracture is commonly found in the
surgical neck