Patient Handovers via Ward Hotline Phones OUR GOAL: All Patients are transferred to our Wards in less than 30min once a bed request is made Valuing Our Patients’ Time - Adult ED Bed Request to Ward Admission - Children’s ED PROCESS REQUIREMENTS HOTLINE RINGS ALL calls must be answered on 1st attempt Less than 30min Answered by designated RN holding Hotline Phone - Charge Nurse or Team Coordinator Bed availability confirmed with Bed Manager -ALL calls must be answered on 1st attempt - Designated holder of hotline must have knowledge of ward bed status RN prepares for new patient - Ensure Hotline holder is available to take call - If RN has patient load – he/she to explain to her patient’s that the phone may ring for a new patient handover 26th March 2012 Jane Lees Joyce Forsyth Tim Denison Dr. Richard Aickin HOTLINE RINGS Handover received ALL calls must be answered on 1st attempt Patient arrives - Nurse is aware of patient arrival time - Can prioritise workload to enable new patient to be met at reception CHIPS updated - Ward Clerk may update within normal hours - RN must complete PSAG update for new patient after hours. - All new patients must have an up to date EDD 1 Where We Began… Auckland Q1 2009 70% < 6 Hours (Starship @ 84% < 6 Hrs) (Adult @ 62% < 6 Hrs) Source: Working Group for Achieving Quality in Emergency Departments. 2008. Recommendations to Improve Quality and the Measurement of Quality in New Zealand Emergency Departments. Wellington: Ministry of Health. 3 Adult Performance to 6 hour goal - 2008 to 2012 2008 & 2009 Baseline for Admitted Patients: 44% < 6 Hours 4 Count of Patients with > 6 Hours in ED by Service For Inpatient Services, the most opportunity for improvement was in General Medicine, followed by General Surgery and Orthopaedics Pareto Chart of Over 6-Hour Patients by Service 2009 - Service Patient Under at ED Discharge 16000 100 14000 60 8000 40 6000 4000 20 2000 Gen Surgery Orthopaedics Cardiology ORL Respiratory Services Urology Neurology Renal Other Count Percent Cum % 0 Emergency Medicine 0 CBU Gen Medicine Count 10000 Percent 80 12000 5244 34.5 34.5 4547 29.9 64.4 1428 9.4 73.8 1342 8.8 82.7 390 2.6 85.2 387 2.5 87.8 386 2.5 90.3 300 2.0 92.3 242 1.6 93.9 214 1.4 95.3 717 4.7 100.0 5 The Problem: Not just in ED Project Scope: Hospital-wide initiative involving all parts of the hospital 6 Hour Goal (Key Metric) 2 hours 1 hour Inpatient Specialist Admit to ward 3 hours Patient presents to ED ED Specialist Assessment Also In Scope Bed Management ED Performance is Primary Influencer Discharge Discharge Ward Performance is Primary Influencer Other Key Performance Influencers Diagnostic Services (Labs, Radiology, etc.) Allied Health Elective Scheduling Primary Care Facilities 6 “1-Hour” Project – Bed Request to Ward Admission Project Scope: Hospital-wide initiative involving all parts of the hospital 6 Hour Goal (Key Metric) 2 hours 1 hour Inpatient Specialist Admit to ward 3 hours Patient presents to ED ED Specialist Assessment Also In Scope Admit to Ward Bed Bed Management Management ED Performance is Primary Influencer Discharge Discharge Ward Performance is Primary Influencer Other Key Performance Influencers Diagnostic Services (Labs, Radiology, etc.) Request Bed Assess Bed Availability Allied Health Assign Bed Elective Scheduling Primary Care Facilities “Handover” Patient Move Patient to Ward 7 Baseline – Bed Request to Ward Admission Average wait to be transferred to an Inpatient Ward = 8 Hours Baseline - Adult ED Bed Request to Ward Admission 12 1 1 1 1 _ _ X=8.00 8 Hours 8 6 1 1 1 1 1 4 7% < 1 Hour 2 1 Hour Goal Nov-09 Sep-09 Jul-09 May-09 Mar-09 Jan-09 Sep-08 Jul-08 May-08 Mar-08 0 Nov-08 Low is Good Jan-08 Hours 10 1 Month 8 Primary Root Causes 1. Delays to LOS Bed Block – Patients wait for decisions, referrals, reviews, diagnostics, documentation, equipment, treatment, etc… prolonging their stay – Weekend care – sometimes treatment not progressed and patients not discharged 2. Bed Request to Admit Process – Even when a bed is available it could take hours to admit a patient to a ward – Up to 14 individuals involved and over 50 steps in the process Many Causes for Delays to LOS 22 15 Awaiting OPH Bed 12 Staff / Culture Diagnostics & Other Services 58 Awaiting Bed in Rehab + 9 Wait for Gastro Investigation Procedure ERCP (2x wkly) Waiting for blood results Vac dressing in Situ Lack of direct communication btw Surgeon & Allied Health Charge Nurse not aware Of OT / PT / SW hold ups Lack of communication on daily basis with Drs, Allied Health, Nurses etc. Estimated Discharge Date & Plan Not agreed / communicated 13 Discharge expectations Not communicated with patient/family Fellow not communicating LOS plan with H/O Late referrals to Allied Health Patient not on home ward OPH / Other Referrals Lost (e.g. Fax Machine Error) 51 Lack of coordination with specialties Team unaware of Patient handover NASC – waiting for Review / assessment Taikura Trust – waiting for Review / assessment No consistent policy on Returning patients to other DHBs Wait for family to agree on family meeting time Patient Length of Stay Is longer than strictly necessary for care Waiting for Acute Theatre Space 11 Cancelled lists Transplants block OR No hospice bed avail Wait for transport To be coordinated Weight Bearing Status Not documented Electives don the ‘sick’ role & heal more Slowly Out of area elective Patients admitted earlier Day before Prisoners stay longer Due to less care available PT has not got right Coloured Dr dot Family unhappy with d/c destination decision Easier to keep patient In hospital than discharge No incentive to Expedite recovery Waiting for reviews From other services Slow to coordinate home Help support on Discharge Fellows / Registrar decision Making conservative – keep patient “Keep everyone” tertiary Trauma centre Waiting for test E.g. CTs Social Situation More older patients Consultants do not Round daily Patient “waiting to be seen by consultant” Not discharging on A Friday or W/E Wait for PT/OT/SW Assessment 17 Stoma Education Wait on Electronic Discharge Summary Wait for OPIVA Service 19 Patient & Family 41 Nursing shortages Nursing,staff Allied Health, House Surgeon staff shortages House Surgeon – Too much paperwork Theatre Pre-op 15 Private Hospital blocks bed Referring hospital not keen To take patient back Allied Health Equipment Shortages 20 Communication External Factors Key Original votes from team meeting Add’l Votes by Drs, Nurses, Allied Health # Total votes in category Bed Request to Admit Process 57 Steps (++ Variation) 14 Roles 9 Solutions Implemented 10 Daily Rapid Rounds (1 of 2) Issue: Patients stay longer in hospital as a result of inadequate communication between doctors, nurses, Allied Health and other multidisciplinary team members Solution: Daily Rapid Rounds - A short daily ward meeting with nurses, doctors, and Allied Health to coordinate their patients’ plan for hospital stay and make that plan visible on a patient-status-at-a-glance board Benefits: Great team communication, quick referrals, and quick problem solving means patients wait less and are ready to go home earlier Ward 68 Daily Rapid Round Team System Updated Live Charge Nurse Social Worker Staff Nurses Doctors Occupational Therapist Physiotherapist 11 Daily Rapid Rounds (2 of 2) Wards 65, 66, 67, 68 - Gen Med Average Total Length of Stay 7.5 0.4 day reduction in Average LOS 7.0 Lenght of Stay (Days) 2011 & 2012 6.5 Equivalent to 2,100 bed days per year 6.0 5.5 5.0 2008 2009 2010 2011 Jan 6.14 5.90 6.10 5.95 Feb 6.29 5.75 5.25 5.77 Mar 6.24 5.96 5.83 5.91 Apr 6.37 5.83 5.90 5.72 May 6.71 6.71 5.44 5.80 Jun 6.35 6.30 5.80 5.57 Jul 6.90 6.20 6.51 6.06 Aug 7.03 6.59 5.89 6.02 Sep 7.26 6.88 6.36 6.70 Oct 6.69 7.34 6.10 5.71 Nov Dec 6.27 6.91 6.75 6.30 6.06 5.42 5.94 Orthopaedics also observed a 2,000 bed day per year benefit after Rapid Rounds 12 Nurse Facilitated Discharging (General Medicine) Issue: Patients may be ready for discharge but have to wait for next medical ward round Solution: Senior nurses can discharge patients if patient meets criteria set by medical teams – Nurse Facilitated Discharging is initiated by doctors Benefits: Reduced LOS, increased weekend discharging, earlier in day and after hours EXAMPLE discharging Doctor to Dr. X 12/2/2010 934199 Successful Weekly Nurse Facilitated Discharges I Chart Control: A verage number of NFD's per week in General Medicine 12 Before Baseline After After e / paste label X 10:00 Sat 13/02/10 or Sun 14/02/10 1 complet 11:00 a.m. L)LL Pneumonia 8 Afebrile 24 hours off IV antibiotics O2 sats > 90% off oxygen Mobilising independently 6 _ 4 Note: if criteria not met on Saturday, please review on Sunday 3X=3.44 / wk X X X GP 6 weeks (after CXR) or earlier if concerns (Flu CXR) 2 Complete if Criteria Met X X X Week Beginning Monday 20-Jun-11 25-Apr-11 28-Feb-11 03-Jan-11 08-Nov-10 13-Sep-10 19-Jul-10 24-May-10 29-Mar-10 0 08-Feb-10 Number of NFDs per Week NFD 10 CNA or Charge Nurse 13/02/2010 X 11:15 a.m. Complete if Criteria NOT Met Example: Spiked temp > 38°C on IV Antibiotics 13 Patient Status at a Glance Issue: System not up to date with Estimated Discharge Dates, plan for patients stay not visible to ward staff, patient information duplicated on white boards Solution: 42” monitors, redesigned and colour coded patient status – able to eliminate most physical whiteboards Benefits: Patient Status at a Glance – saves staff time, easy to see patient’s plan for stay, estimated discharge dates kept up-to-date Drop down colour coded allied health referral status Tab to view the AED whiteboard helps create an awareness / transparency of number of patients waiting for beds etc. The patients discharge destination i.e. home,resthome, OPH etc Used to indicate where the patient is scheduled for i.e. another ward, transition lounge, Patient Information Access to all patient information including a link for Concerto 14 Rapid Improvement Event Rapid improvement event (RIE) - part of the Lean methodology and provides a mechanism for making radical changes to current processes and activities within very short timescales. Week long 5 day event at Auckland City Hospital Goal – Patient transfer to the ward in nine minutes of Bed allocation Core Group – ED Charge Nurses, Ward Charge Nurses, Clerical staff, Orderlies, Nurse Advisors, Bed Managers. Advisory Group – Service Managers Sponsors – Director of Performance, Nurse Director, Clinical Director Emergency Department 15 Transfer of Care Issue: Patient handovers were a source of frustration for both AED and ward staff. AED staff: “Handover takes too long as the ward staff ask too many questions”. Ward staff: “Handover information is often inaccurate” Solution: Standardise process for handover using ISOBAR across wards and AED. Review transfer of care form inline with ISOBAR format. Bedside handover using ISOBAR for AED-APU transfers. Education package. Benefits: Improved quality of handover, reduced time, improved staff satisfaction 16 Communication Issue: Phone tag for patient handovers, long wait for a nurse to come to the phone for handover (when asked by ward clerk), AED can’t get through to ward due to engaged phones. Patient Handovers via Ward Hotline Phones OUR GOAL: All Patients are transferred to our Wards in less than 30min once a bed request is made Solution: Handover hotline. REQUIREMENTS HOTLINE RINGS ALL calls must be answered on 1st attempt Answered by designated RN holding Hotline Phone Less than 30min Benefits: Dedicated phone for handover and after hours bed management handover. Reduces ‘waiting’ for calls to be answered. Ward RN carries the phone - eliminates the need for ward clerks to search for RN to take handover. PROCESS - Charge Nurse or Team Coordinator Bed availability confirmed with Bed Manager -ALL calls must be answered on 1st attempt - Designated holder of hotline must have knowledge of ward bed status RN prepares for new patient - Ensure Hotline holder is available to take call - If RN has patient load – he/she to explain to her patient’s that the phone may ring for a new patient handover HOTLINE RINGS Handover received ALL calls must be answered on 1st attempt Patient arrives - Nurse is aware of patient arrival time - Can prioritise workload to enable new patient to be met at reception CHIPS updated - Ward Clerk may update within normal hours - RN must complete PSAG update for new patient after hours. - All new patients must have an up to date EDD 17 Bed Request Confusion Issue: No standard process for a Doctor to communicate a bed request Solution: All bed requests to “Flow Coordinator”, Flow Coordinator clearly identifiable with new Green scrub top, and Benefits: Easily identifiable in Green top, 1 point of contact. Reduced frustration with not being able to clearly identify who is performing the ‘flow’ role. 18 Documentation Bed Request Checklist Issue: Doctor would request bed and leave without completing documentation (A/D Plan, 6-Hour Plan, or communicate patient special needs e.g. sideroom) Date: ……………… Patient PPDetails Time: …………..….. PREFERRED LOCATION WARD APU YES NO N/A YES NO N/A Ward or APU DOCUMENTATION A to D Planner / 6 Hour Plan IV Fluids Solution: Flow Coordinator reviews 10-second checklist with doctor at time of bed request Medications BED MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS Side Room Isolation Benefits: Patient is ready for handover at time of bed request. No phone-tag and delay to find out special needs or complete docs Watch / Security Required Flexi Monitor Parameters Set Flexi Form Complete and Sent ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 19 Global Transparency Issue: Poor visibility of available beds at a glance. Solution: Developed intranet web page that displays “flight deck” view of bed status Benefits: Anyone, anywhere in hospital has a view of available beds. Saves time. At a glance view of occupancy and expected discharges within 4hrs Capacity of each ward can be quickly seen Available Beds easy to spot 20 Orderly Requests Designated space within ED for orderlies to wait for jobs Issue: Orderlies were requested by placing a file in “toast rack”. No ability to prioritise requests or whether the orderly were aware of a request. No visibility when request was completed. Orderlies did not have a designated place to wait “on the floor” between jobs. Solution: Requests placed in box with motion detector and light trigger. This can be seen in a new orderly bay and nursing staff can see at a glance if an orderly is requested and when request has been actioned (light goes off). Place clinical notes in box for orderly request Benefits: Quicker response time, able to escalate if no orderly is visible in bay, can see around department if orderly is requested, fewer calls for orderly over intercom = less interruptions for staff Light goes on when notes are in box 22 Visual Tools Issue: Patients and families interrupt flow coordinator and other staff with queries – no way for patients & families to establish where to go to ask questions! Solution: Improved visual management on the AED floor. Red feet at reception area to indicate a place to wait for inquiry. Benefits: Reduced staff interruptions, reduced patient frustration 23 Capacity Triggers Issue: Unclear escalation response when hospital resourced beds are near capacity Occupancy Overall ED APU 92% 43% 77% Acute Theatre Hours Daily (Weekday) Surgical Acutes Vascular 2 Cardiology 6 General Surgery 11 Solution: Monday-Friday daily capacity meeting with service managers and 48 hour bed capacity forecasting Gastro 2 Orthopaedics 7 Renal Urology ORL 4 5 4 Neurosurgery Total Upper Q 1 Acute Bed Requests Medical 6 Surgical 2 Regular Flex 31W - 2 31E - 10 yes 41 - 4 42 - 2 81 - 3 7 Ward 41 42 76 78 61 75 77 71 73 74 81 83 -37 TCI 5 10 3 0 6 5 1 5 6 6 1 3 51 TODAY EDD Available 3 4 4 6 5 3 2 0 10 8 3 2 2 0 3 0 5 9 6 5 6 0 0 1 49 38 Extra Flex 83 - 4 OPH - 4 SHDU - 2 Super Flex 38W - 15 Wha - 14 42 - 4 97 - 4 D 2 0 5 2 12 0 1 -2 8 5 5 -2 TCI 3 2 5 0 1 5 0 6 4 7 0 2 TOMORROW EDD 2 4 2 2 7 3 3 4 4 4 0 1 D -1 2 -3 2 6 -2 3 -2 0 -3 0 -1 36 35 36 1 D 2 3 9 0 0 5 3 7 9 5 6 0 TCI 0 4 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 TOMORROW EDD 0 4 2 0 0 1 2 6 7 5 4 7 D 0 0 1 0 -2 1 2 6 7 5 4 5 49 9 38 29 Surgical Summary Beds to be freed in next 24 hours Benefits: Improved utilisation of resourced beds across services including use of ‘flexed beds’, advanced notice of impact to elective patients (last resort) Daily (Weekday) Medical Acutes Cardiology Cardiology Cardiology Haem / Onc Haem / Onc Neuro / Med Specs Gen Med Gen Med Gen Med Gen Med Respiratory Total Upper Q 5 4 4 24 4 -38 Ward 31MED 31W CCU34 38APU 62 64 63 65 66 67 68 72 36 Less current Acute Bed Requests -2 Less expected Surgical Acutes -37 Net Surgical Beds in 24 Hours TODAY TCI EDD Available 0 2 0 8 4 7 1 1 9 0 0 0 0 1 -1 0 5 0 1 2 2 0 5 2 0 6 3 1 5 1 0 6 0 3 3 0 -3 14 40 23 Medical Summary Beds to be freed in next 24 hours Less current Acute Bed Requests Less expected Medical Acutes 49 -6 -38 Net Medical Beds in 24 Hours 5 TOTAL Surgical & Medical Beds in 24hr 2 24 Daily Reporting & Review of Breaches Issue: Daily 6-Hr performance not visible. Difficult to have timely problem solving. Solution: Automated report of previous day’s patients who spent over 6 hours in ED emailed to staff. Key information for each patient visible to support root-cause analysis. Benefits: Improved visibility of performance, increased urgency with staff, easy to identify corrective actions in a timely manner, reviewed & coded at daily meeting Overall Performance Inpatient Services Time Stamps: ED Start, Sign-on, Referral, Inpatient Sign-on, Bed Request, BR Complete, ED End Patient Referral Reason 25 Results Sustained: Sub-measure – When Bed is Ready AED to Ward - Patient Transfer Times 90 80 70 1 11 1 1 11 1 Our Goal = 30 Min 1 11 1 1 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 60 30-Jan-12 26-Dec-11 21-Nov-11 17-Oct-11 12-Sep-11 08-Aug-11 04-Jul-11 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 11 11 1 1 1 1111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 30-May-11 14-Feb-11 10-Jan-11 06-Dec-10 01-Nov-10 27-Sep-10 23-Aug-10 14-Jun-10 10-May-10 05-Apr-10 01-Mar-10 30 19-Jul-10 Low Is Good 1 25-Apr-11 40 21-Mar-11 50 28-Dec-09 25-Jan-10 Minutes (Weekly Average) From Ward Bed Ready to ED Discharge Admit Week Beginning Monday 26 Results Sustained – ED Bed Request to Ward Admission 80% Reduction in the Time Patients Wait 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2009 1 2010 1 2011 2012 1 1 2009 = 7.2% < 1hr 1 1 1 2010 = 14% < 1hr 1 1 Low Is Good 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ X=1.222 1hr Goal Jan-09 Mar-09 May-09 Jul-09 Sep-09 Nov-09 Jan-10 Mar-10 May-10 Jul-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Jan-11 Mar-11 May-11 Jul-11 Sep-11 Nov-11 Jan-12 Hours Avg Hours AED Bed Request to Ward Admission Month 27 Sustaining Change – Business as Usual Standard work Daily reporting and analysis of variance Breach meeting Weekly target tracking Audit of standard operating procedures Visual communication for staff Count of Code All 5 10 15 20 602_Clerical Error 3-Hr Phase 320_ED Diagnostics Incomplete - Wait for ED Assessment Sign On to Referral 310_Multiple Presentations in Short Time Frame - Wait for ED Sign On 321_ED Assessment Incomplete - Wait for ED Assessment Sign On to Referral 311_Staff Shortage - Wait for ED Sign On 210_IP Unavailable - Wait for Inpatient Specialist Sign On 2-Hr Phase Reason 0 220_IP Diagnostics Incomplete - Wait for In-Patient Specialist Decision to Admit / Discharge 221_IP Assessment Incomplete - Wait for In-Patient Specialist Decision to Admit / Discharge 223_IP Multiple Referrals Made - Wait for In-Patient Specialist Decision to Admit / Discharge 113_Bed Currently Unavailable (Any) - Awaiting patient discharge/move 129_Patient - not clinically stable enough to transfer 1-Hr Phase Code Category AED Breach Codes - 9 to 15 March 2012 114_Bed Currently Unavailable (Single Room) - Awaiting patient discharge/move 120_AED - handover not initiated in timely manner - Delay to Patient Transfer 111_Bed Unavailable Indefinitely - Bed Management - Patient requires outlying 126_Ward - handover not available to receive in a timely manner - Delay to Patient Transfer 29 Next Steps – An Example in General Medicine Opportunity in Patients Referred from 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. Gen Med 6-Hr Breaches by Cause Count by Hr of Referral 9 120 Patients Over 6 Hours Patients Over 6 Hours (12-Dec-2011 to 12-Feb-2012) 100 80 60 40 20 (12 Dec 2011 to 12 Feb 2012) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 0 3-ED Delay to 2-Gen Med 1-Bed Request Refer Delay to Sign to ED Disch On, Bed Request or Disch 1 2 6 7 Hour of Referral to General Medicine Most breaches on night shift – only 1 Registrar on duty 30 Starship Children’s Emergency Department 31 Child Health approach Why do seperately/differently within same organisation? – EDs have different structure and function • Children’s ED includes • Functions of the adult admission planning unit • 12 hr short stay admission for acute cases • Hospital RMO after hours staffing limited to 1 Paed Medical Registrar • Admission work up and initiation of treatment is by CED clinicians, with handover to inpatient Registrar at time that child is ready for ward • Less emphasis on the “2hr” phase for medical cases, more on “1hr” (for transfer to ward when child’s condition is ready for this) 32 Child ED Performance to 6 hour goal - 2010 to 2012 33 Child ED Triage Performance - 2010 to 2012 34 Children’s Hospital challenges •Smaller total numbers, large daily fluctuations in acute admissions, limited surge capacity •165 beds vs 650 beds in adult services •31,000 CED attendances vs 57,000 AED + 11,000 APU •Historically: •Difficulties in predicting acute volumes •Disconnect with electives planning •High rates of last minute cancellations on day of planned admission •High proportion of child admissions needing isolation •Nursing complexity with increasing skew toward tertiary electives over local secondary paediatric admissions 35 Child Health Improvements Weekly capacity planning meeting – Modelling of short term acute trends • Increasing accuracy as we gain experience with this tool • Usually within +/- 10% – Joined up with elective admission scheduling • Fewer last minute cancellations • Best elective performance during winter months for many years Improved communication of over-capacity status to Clinicians – Review of criteria for alerts – Text message and email early in the day 36 Is this all about bed capacity? 37 Bed capacity Important but not the whole story Both Adult and Children’s Hospitals are being driven hard Both have occupancy >90% and not infrequent overcapacity alerts Both have shown sustained improvement in 6 hour targets There comes a point where further improvements will be in only small increments and investment in capacity is vital. 38