 Electroconvulsive therapy
 1938 – 100volts, awake
 Today – Anesthesia
and muscle relaxer
 How does it work?
mmm
 80% success rate for treatment of severe depression
 Memory loss (possible)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Ct90t_iF6Q 2:00min
– 8:00min (6:00min)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8K37POBojs
(2:55min total)
 Magnetic Stimulation
 Repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulations
(rTMS)
 Awake
 Magnetic field only penetrates to the
brain’s surface
 Stimulate or dampen particular areas of brain
 Left frontal lobe = depressed patients
 No seizures, no memory loss
Brain Stimulation
Alternative Neurostimulation Therapies
 Psychosurgery
 Remove or destroy brain tissue
 Lobotomy
 Cutting main neurons to the frontal lobe
 = mental vegetable
 “Discovered” 1930s – performed widely until 1950s when
antipsychotics were introduced
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0aNILW6ILk (5:11min total)