Marine Research at CNR
Fabio Trincardi
Director of ISMAR
Director of RITMARE
f.trincardi@ismar.cnr.it
Ancona 13-15 May 2014
CNR scientific network
−
9000 Permanent staff – Turnover 1.1 Billion
−
7 Macro-Areas (Departments):
• Earth System Sciences - Environmental Technologies
• Bio-Agrifood Sciences
• Biomedical Sciences
• Chemistry - Materials Technologies
• Physical Sciences - Technologies of the Matter
• Engineering - ICT - Energy and Transport Technologies
• Human and Social Sciences - Cultural Heritage
−
107 Research Institutes performing research activities
and developing capabilities
−
20 Research Centres
2
International Challenges
Scientific
base in the
Artic Polar
Circle
ISIS - Science and
Technology Facilities
Council
(Oxford, UK)
Virtual
Museum
(Iraq)
ILL - Institut Max
Von Laue – Paul
Langevin
(Grenoble, France)
ESRF - European
Synchrotron
Radiation Facility
(Grenoble, France)
Urania
EVK2 Everest
Project
(Nepal)
Italian Scientific
Base in Antartic
3
Earth System Science and
Environmental Technologies
• 13 affiliated institutes
• Macro areas
–
–
–
–
Climate research,
Environmental systems,
Marine research,
Natural and anthropogenic risks
4
CNR’s main
Institutes
performing
marine research
ISMAR
IAMC
IREA
IGG
ISSIA
INSEAN
IGAG
ISAC
CNR MARINE OBSERVING SYSTEM …
… AND THE FLEET
• Pubblic Research Institute
• Headquarter in Venice and 6 regional sections
• 180 Permanent Staff;
• About 60 people in training (PhD, postdoctoral)
• About 160 ISI publications each year
ISMAR was evaluated as the excellence institute of
the Earth System Science Department of CNR
2010
1946
CNR's mission is to increase
the knowledge of natural processes and
help to solve society's problems:
• Natural processes
(geological, oceanographic, biological),
dispersion of sediments and pollutants,
ecosystems, productivity of the seas,
natural hazards.
• Mechanisms / effects of global
change
heating and ocean circulation,
acidification, sea level change
and coastal erosion, hydrodynamic
processes (including polar regions)
• Human impacts
current and pre-industrial pollution,
impacts on the coasts and in the deep
sea, exploitation of resources, alien
species
• Coordination of EU Projects
– EURODELTA (Evoluzione “storica” dei delta
del Mediterraneo e Mar Nero)
– EMMA (Impatti antropici sui sistemi costieri)
– NEAREST (Sviluppo di un sistema di allerta
Tsunami in Mediterraneo)
– SARDONE (Pesca sostenibile dei piccoli
pelagici)
Immagine ROV Urania
Credit: Marco Taviani
Networking within DTA
EUROFLEET 1 E 2
JERICO
SEADATANET
EMODNET
DSS FISHERIES
RITMARE
– ENVEUROPE (Costruzione rete LTER Europa)
– COCONET (Aree Marine Protette
Mediterraneo e Mar Nero)
– DISCATCH (Riduzione del “bycatch” legato
alla pesca)
– TARTLIFE (Preservazione delle tartarughe in
Mediterraneo)
– GHOST (Impatto delle reti fantasma sulla
biologia)
– ADRIPLAN (Pianificazione Spazio Marittimo,
ambito EUSAIR)
• Participation to EU Projects
– Several tens
The ISMAR marine observing system
- Fixed buoys
- Re-deployable mooring
stations
- Repeated transects
- Fishery observing system
- Satellite
- Radar
- Real time data transmission
- Interoperable data structures
- Long Term Ecological
Research
- Modeling and forecast
C01
C02
Argos
NOREK
6020
Argos
RDI
WH300
RCM9
RCM9
SBE39
RCM9
RCM9
SBE37
RCM9
2 Rels.
2 Rels.
http://www.ismar.cnr.it/infrastrutture/piattaforma-acqua-alta
CNR’s Institutes
performing
research in
marine geology
ISMAR Venice
and Bologna
IAMC Napoli
IGG Padua
IGAG Roma
RESEARCH IN THE OCEANS
GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS
Submarine landslides in the Mediterranean
Predisposing factors?
Recurrence?
What impact on human structures?
Camerlenghi, Urgeles e Fantoni, 2009
IMPROVE THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DEEP SEA
“…it would be of very good use to have natural maps of the earth […] every Prince
should have such a draught of his own country and dominions…”
Thomas Burnet, Telluris Theoria Sacra (1684-1689)
CNR-ISMAR Database
•SB Atlas Deso25
•Reson 8160 (50 kHz)
•Konsberg EM300 (30
kHz)
•Kongsberg
EM710 (70–100 kHz)
•Konsberg EM3000
(300 kHz)
• Konsberg EM3002
(293 kHz, 300 kHz, 307
kHz)
• Reson 8125 (455 kHz)
•Geoswath Plus (500
kHz)
EMODnet - Central Mediterranean sea
DTM Regional Coordinator
CNR’s Institutes
performing
research on
Coastal systems
and human
impacts
ISMAR Venice
Ancona, Lesina,
Genova and
Bologna
IAMC Napoli,
Taranto, Capo
Granitola
IGG Padua
IGAG Roma
COASTAL AND CRUISE TOURISM & HUMAN PRESSURES
RECONCILING
ENVIRONMENT,
LANDSCAPE AND
CULTURAL
HERITAGE
THE NORTHERN ADRIATIC
A LOW LAND DOMINATED BY SUBSIDENCE
• TECTONIC (THERMAL, FLEXURAL)
• SEDIMENT LOAD
• SEDIMENT COMPACTION
• PEAT DECOMPOSITION
• WATER WITHDRAWAL
• OIL & GAS
DEM of the North Adriatic coast
EFFECTS of SEA LEVEL RISE
• Destruction of coastal wetlands
• Inundation and erosion of
beaches and barrier islands
• Saltwater intrusion (salinization
of soils - desertification)
• Flooding
CNR’s Institutes
performing
research on
marine biology
and resources
ISMAR Ancona
Lesina, Venice,
and Genoa
IAMC Messina,
Capo Granitola,
Mazara del Vallo
Sustainable use of marine resources
Assessing the status of biotic
resources in the Mediterranean
• Natural change
• Anthropogenic pressures
– fisheries
– aquaculture and mariculture
•
•
•
•
Stock shrinking
Loss of biodiversity
Loss of large predators
Spread of alien species
Roma, 5 December 2013
European Strategy for Blue Growth Conditions for a Blue
Economy in the Mediterranean
Federazione del Mare
Italian Maritime Cluster
Sustainable use of marine resources
Fishing Down the Food Web….
Trophic chain erosion
Trophic levels
5
4
3
2
90% Mediterrenean top predators lost in last 100 year
Sustainable use of marine resources
Life in a Changing Ocean
Roma, 5 December 2013
European Strategy for Blue Growth Conditions for a Blue
Economy in the Mediterranean
©Bob Cranston
Federazione del Mare
Italian Maritime Cluster
Knowledge of life cycles and ecology of the commercial species allows to identify critical period
and habitat necessary to species to complete their different life stages.
•
The classical sketch of stock dynamics
in space
Spawning
Areas
Nursery
Areas
Feeding
Areas
CNR’s Institutes
performing
research in
Physical
oceanography
ISMAR Venezia,
Trieste, Ancona,
La Spezia,
Bologna and
Genoa
IAMC Oristano
and Mazara del
Vallo
ISAC Roma
NETTUNO
WAVE FORECASTING
KASSANDRA WAVES, SEA LEVEL, CURRENTS
ISMAR -CENTRO MAREE HIGH WATERS IN VENICE
(http://gisportal.insula.it)
LIW salty,
NAdDW cold
After Lascaratos, 1999
LIW
The Mediterranean
“concentration basin”
RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS
CNR-ISMAR Database
© ARCADIA 2010-CNR/ISPRA
Il mare Adriatico è un mare dove avviene
la formazione di acqua densa, profonda e
di fondo
Hindcast modeling activity
Adriatics Sea @ 1 Km resolution
movie
Note per Fabio, 28/04/2014
A.Bergamasco
36
Area of major interest:
Hindcast modeling
@ 1 km resolution
“cascading events”
Note per Fabio, 28/04/2014
A.Bergamasco
37
CNR’s Institutes
performing
research in
Marine and
maritime
technology
ISMAR Venezia,
Ancona and
Genoa
IAMC Capo
Granitola
INSEAN Roma
IREA Milano
ISSIA Genova
We need an holistic and shared
knowledge of the “use of the sea”
• Approach similar to the land use maps on land (MSP)
• Exploiting all new mapping techniques and GIS
visualizations
• Become aware of all human impacts (visible or not)
• So far, individual "stakeholders" know the piece of reality
they are most interested in (lack of integration)
Sustainable use of marine resources
Marine Habitat Mapping
Roma, 5 December 2013
European Strategy for Blue Growth Conditions for a Blue
Economy in the Mediterranean
Federazione del Mare
Italian Maritime Cluster
HABITAT MAPPING IN SHALLOW WATER
20/05/2014
Marine Protected Areas
• There are many MPAs in the
Mediterranean, whereas they are rare
in the Black Sea
• There are no Off Shore Wind Farms in
both basins
• A co-ordinated policy of marine
protection is lacking
Renewable resources and sea uses
• Temperature
Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
• Tides
Important contribution to energetic needs
(20% in UK)
• Waves
Energy production for less than 10 dollar
cents/kWh
•
•
•
•
Currents
Wind
Biomass
Sun
WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITY AND MARINE ECOSYSTEMS?
HOW THESE ACTIVITIES COULD BE ENVIRONEMENT SUSTAINABLE?
ADRIPLAN Contribution
 Commonly-agreed approach to crossborder MSP in the AIM, considered as a
whole (Pan-AIM view) and more
specifically through two Focus Areas
 MSP priorities based on the best
knowledge available
 Concrete Planning and Management
options on Focus Areas and specific
problems
 Recommendations for the
implementation of cross-border MSP in
the AIM and other regions of the
Mediterranean
Compatibilità, conflitti e sinergie potenziali fra usi del mare
e della fascia costiera ed ecosistemi marini
Thank you very
much
Some challenges of the coming years …
Reconstruct the historical evolution of the coastal
area (and human impacts)
Study of the oceanographic processes and the impact on
the seabed (coast, continental shelf and deep sea)
Oceanographic forecasting models (waves, tides, currents)
Observing sites, long time physical and ecological series
Human impacts on seafloor, water column and biological
resources (from the lagoons to the ocean)
Definition of the geological hazards: identification
of structures (3D Seismic Geomorphology), fluids
emissions