Climate Change
and
the Green India Mission
Presentation by
Dr Arvind Kumar Jha, IFS, commissioner, TRTI, Pune
Missions under National Action Plan
on Climate Change (NAPCC)
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National Solar Mission,
National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency,
National Mission on Sustainable Habitat,
National Water Mission,
National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem,
National Mission for a Green India,
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture,
National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate
Change.
Climate change challenges : Impacts on
forests and local communities
• More than 50% of the vegetation predicted to be less
optimally adapted to its existing location by 2085
• The forests vulnerable on account of the altitudinal and
latitudinal shift of the species ; increased occurrences of
fire , pest /diseases and invasive species.
• Changes in species assemblage/forest type, NPP, forest die
back and loss of biodiversity.
• Forest dependent livelihoods may get severely affected ,
enhancing vulnerability of local communities. ( Stern 2007)
Green cover & its contribution
•Forests meet 40% of overall energy needs and
80% of rural energy needs (NAPCC document)
•Change in carbon stocks in India forests ( Million
tons) 1995= 6245 , 2005=6622
•Annual increment = 38 Million tons of C ; 138 Mt
of Co2 (Source: SFR 2009)
•CO2 Removal by India’s forests and tree cover :
11.25 % of total GHG emission 1994; 9.5% in
2000; 6.53% in 2010 & 4.87% in 2020 (ICFRE 09)
Making Mission a Peoples Program
The Mission is engaging an array of
stakeholders to participate in finalizing
Mission interventions.
…..Public consultations at design stage
itself marks the beginning….
“Mission Greening” in the context of
climate adaptation and mitigation
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enhances ecosystem services like carbon
sequestration and storage (in forests and
other ecosystems)
enhances biodiversity
enhances resilience of the ecosystems
enhances provisioning services like supply of
fuel, fodder, small timber, and NTFPs
helps adaptation of forest dependant local
communities in the face of climatic
variability
Underscores intricate linkages of
forests with:
•food security (linkages with agriculture)
•water security
•energy security
•livelihood security of local communities
..Mission in an unique position , to significantly
contribute to sustainability of other missions..
Sub Missions
•9 Sub Missions ( each of the out puts
developed as sub mission)
•Cross cutting interventions
The core principles
 Mission just not about afforestation, equal emphasis on
restoring natural ecosystems like grassland and
pastures, mangroves and other critical ecosystems ; as
well as forests in urban/peri-urban landscapes.
 contribute in protection/enhancement of forests having
relatively less dense forest cover.
 restoration of native bio-diverse species mix.
 local communities to play a key role in prioritizing range
of ecosystem goods and services,
 empowerment of communities and strengthening of
decentralized local governance of forests.
The Key Strategies……
 integrated approach that treats forests and non
forest public lands as well as private lands
simultaneously, in the project unit / sub-landscape /
sub- watershed / watershed area
 Drivers of degradation, e.g. firewood, small timber
needs , livestock grazing to be addressed using
cross sectoral convergence
 overarching criterion for area selection to include:
vulnerability to climatic projections , potential of
areas for enhancing carbon sinks, critical habitats
and corridors etc.
Means to achieve the Mission
targets/outcomes
• Making the Mission a people’s program
•Empowering local community institutions for
decentralized forest governance
•Strengthening capacity of SFD/line agencies
• Improving investment climate for planting and
forest conservation for all agencies
• Improved monitoring at outcome, evaluation at
impact level, evaluation by third party,
certification to be introduced
• Research in support of the Mission goals and
objectives
Mission Organization
National:
MoEF Responsibility: An Advisory Council Chaired
by MEF to provide overall guidance at national
level; A Steering Committee for direction and
management , the Mission Directorate to be
serviced by NAEB
State:
State Forest Deptt responsibility: A State Steering
Committee Chaired by CS having cross sectoral
representation; PCCF as Member Secretary.
SFDA to house State Mission Directorate
Mission Organization
District : Forest Development Agency, with
linkages with District Planning Committee
Village level: Planning and implementation to be
vested with local level bodies : JFMCs, VPs,
linkages with Gram Sabha appointed
committees under Forest Rights Act provisions.
Urban area: Ward committees; link to MC and
Municipality.
Mission Outputs in 10 years:
• 2.0 m ha of moderately dense forests show increased density and
regeneration
• 4.0 m ha of degraded forests regenerated and sustainably managed
• 2.0 m ha of degraded scrub/grasslands restored and put under
sustainable multiple uses
• 0.10 m ha of mangroves restored/established
• 0.10 m ha of wetlands show enhanced conservation status
• 0.20 m ha of urban/peri -urban forest lands and institutional lands are
under tree cover
• 1.50 m ha of degraded agricultural lands and fallows brought under
agro forestry
• 0.10 m ha of corridor areas, critical to wildlife migration are secured
• Improved bio-fuel use efficiency devices adopted in about 10 million
households (along with alternative energy devices). Biomass/NTFP based
community livelihoods enhanced to reduce vulnerability
TENTATIVE MISSION COSTS
Sub Mission costs : 32,000 crores
Support Interventions:12,000 crores
Total :
44,000 crores
Thanks
email: dr_arvindjha@yahoo.com