Distribution and Management of
Spotted Wing Drosophila in
Florida Berry Crops
Oscar E. Liburd
P r o f e s s o r o f F r u i t a n d Ve g . E n t o m o l o g y
University of Florida
Objectives
• Create an awareness of SWD prevalence on fruit crops
• To teach hands-on skills in identifying, monitoring and
managing SWD populations in berry crops
• To create an opportunity for open discussions with industry
representatives, extension agents and growers
• Inform growers of the available resources for managing
SWD
SWD Global Impact
North America:
Canada
US >
Mexico
$2 B
Europe: > $4
Spain
France
Italy
Germany
Austria
Slovenia
Switzerland
Croatia
Belgium
Central America:
Costa Rica
S. America:
Ecuador
B
Asia:
Japan $500 M
China
Thailand
Taiwan
North & South Korea
Pakistan
Russian Far East
Myanmar
India
First Record of SWD in Florida
• First recorded in 2009 in
in Hillsborough Co.
• > 28 Counties infested
• Economic losses in small
fruits in 2013 was ~35 M
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD)
Male SWD
• Family Drosophilidae
• “Vinegar flies”
• “Fruit flies”
• “Pomace flies”
• Male
http://extension.psu.edu/vegetable-fruit/factsheets/spotted-wing-drosophila
• Dark spots on wings
• Two bands on forelegs
• Female
• Serrated ovipositor
• No wing spots
Female SWD
http://jenny.tfrec.wsu.edu/opm/gallery.php?pn
=165
SWD Lifecycle
Egg 1-3 days
Pupae 4-15 days
Adult 21- 63 days*
Oviposition 1-2 days
Fecundity 200-600 eggs
Larvae 5-7 days
SWD Survey: 2012-2014 Blueberry Seasons
Mean SWD per Trap
6
2012
5
2013
2014
4
3
2
1
0
County (North to South)
Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Hillsborough Co., FL 2014
Farms
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Mean Number of SWD per trap
February 10 February 24 March 10
0
0
0
1. 7
0
0
0
0
0
10
0.7
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.3
0.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.2
0
0.3
0
0
2.3
0.3
0
0.3
2.1
0
0
3.2
0
1.5
0
0
March 24
0
0.5
0.5
0.8
4.4
0
0
2.1
0
0
3.1
0
0.4
1.8
0.5
0.2
Mean
0
0.6
0.1
2.9
1.2
0
0
1.8
0
0
2.3
0.1
0.8
1.5
0.9
0.4
Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Bradford Co., FL 2014
Bradford County
Movement SWD population from woodlands
into blueberry plantings
F = 52.84; df = 1, 141, P < 0.0001
SWD population dynamics throughout the year
O. Liburd
Major hosts: Black night shade, Wild blackberry, Wild grapes (Vitis sp),
Sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum), Holly (Ilex sp), Fraser Photinia (Photinia x
fraseri)
New baits and traps for 2015
Trece trap
No price yet
$8.25
Case for $74.95
T. Nyoike
T. Nyoike
$0.5
T. Nyoike
T. Nyoike
Suzukii Bait very specific
Entry holes on
the trap
Modifications in our trap design
SWD traps
Trece trap and SWD bait/lure evaluation
T. Garrick
Suzukii bait
Pherocon SWD Lures
$4.50 a pair
Treatments:
1.
Yeast sugar water in Trece traps
2.
Yeast sugar water in regular traps
3.
Suzukii bait in Trece traps
4.
Suzukii bait in regular traps
5.
Locally made
trap
Trece trap
Pherocon Lures + soapy water
www. greatlakesipm.com
1-800-235-0285
Baits & pherocon Lures performance
F = 7.67; df = 4, 72, P <0.0001
New Insecticide Tool for SWD
• EXIREL™ insecticide
• Active ingredient - cyantraniliprole
• Group 28 insecticide
• Belongs to the chemical class of anthranilic diamides
• Depletes calcium in the cells preventing muscle contraction
IPM-compatible insecticides for SWD control
48h DAT
Developing a Rotational Spray Program for
SWD
Trt No.
Spray 1
Spray 2
Spray 3
Spray 4
1
Delegate
Malathion
Mustang
Mustang
2
Delegate
Imidan
Malathion
Malathion
3
Danitol
Delegate
Malathion
Malathion
4
Malathion
Delegate
Hero
Hero
5
Delegate
Cyazypyr
Cyazypyr
Delegate
6
Entrust
Entrust
Pyganic
Pyganic
7
Control
Control
Control
Control
* Compounds with long PHIs were applied before start of the
harvesting period
Discussion and Conclusions
• Flies were abundant in all of the blueberry sites (except
1) surveyed
• > 50% of the strawberry fields were infested with SWD
• The suzukii bait in Trece traps was equally attractive to
SWD as the yeast-sugar bait
• Exirel performed as well or better than other standards in
reducing SWD population
Acknowledgements
• FDACS Specialty Crop Block Grant
UF Fruit & Vegetable IPM Lab
• FL Strawberry Growers Association
(FSGA)
Grad. Students
Lindsy Iglesias
Chris Crockette
Tamika Garrick
Tola Dosunmu
• Walmart Foundation
• Participating Growers (Alto Straughn)
Oscar E. Liburd
oeliburd@ufl.edu
http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/liburd/fruitnvegipm
(352) 273-3918 Tel.
Post-Docs
Janine Razze
Elena Rhodes
Shweta Sharma