Vacuum Dry-Pressed Brick Paving
Whitacre Greer Company
(800) 947-2837
info@wgpaver.com
www.wgpaver.com
The Brick Industry Association is a Registered Provider with The American Institute
of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this
program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of
Completion for non-AIA members are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education.
As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an
approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method
or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at
the conclusion of this presentation.
Learning Objectives




Know the materials and methods used in brick paving systems including a
discussion on lifecycle costs and ideas to improve adaptive reuse potential.
Identify the various paver types and paving systems best practices.
Learn how to select, specify and install these systems to achieve design goals while
mitigating the effects on the site’s ecosystem.
Identify areas in which clay pavers can contribute to sustainable environments
through careful material selection and system design.
Pioneers in Clay Products
WG History
OVER 100 YEARS of brick making tradition
50’s through the 80’s dry-press, face brick, refractory and extruded
paving brick
From 1993 vacuum dry-press pavers and firebrick continue to be
produced at our Alliance, Ohio Plant
Many high profile projects have used Whitacre Greer Pavers

Centennial Olympic Park, Atlanta, GA

Pennsylvania Ave, Washington, D.C.

Grand Ole Opry, Nashville, TN

Liberty Island, New York
Why Dry-Pressed Clay Pavers?

Flexibility of size and color

Tight dimensional tolerances

Pavers are pre-sealed during packaging

Resistant to freeze-thaw cycles

Custom blending of standard colors at the plant

100+ year history of use

Installer friendly
Manufacturing Process

Vacuum dry-pressed

Genuine fired-clay

Shale and clay

Reduced to fine and dry
material
Manufacturing Process
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
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Steel molds in 400-ton
mechanical presses
2000 degree kiln
temperatures
Mix of pavers and firebrick
Manufacturing Process
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Product is graded and packaged
Pavers sealed in bath of siloxane
breathable penetrating seal –
products are VOC compliant
Packaged with plastic bands and
stretch wrap
Packaging

Custom Blending of Standard Colors

Project specific blends

Emory University Blend

Penn State Blend

Notre Dame Blend

Florida State Blend

North Shore Blend

Georgia Tech

Buckeye Blend
Packaging - Project Specific Blends
Buckeye
80% #30 Cobble
10% #32 Cobble
10% #33 Cobble
Emory University
35% #32 Str Edge
20% #33 Str Edge
10% #34 Str Edge
35% #36 Str Edge
Penn State
33% #30
33% #32
33% #33
Georgia Tech
15% #30
25% #32
20% #33
15% #34
25% #36
Volunteer Blend
50%#52 Str Edge
50%#53 Str Edge
#54 Str Edge Border
North Shore Blend
Straight Edge Cobble
Color Palette

All sizes are available in the full color
palette. Some color/size variations are
more readily available than others.
Products
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Classic – beveled with spacing lugs
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Straight edge
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Modular
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Old world cobbled
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Bevel without spacing lugs
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Kerf with spacing lugs
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Boardwalk with or without spacing lugs
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Permeable Boardwalk
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Permeable 4x8x2-1/4
Classic
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4 x 8 x 2-1/4
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4 x 8 x 2-3/4

8 x 8 x 2-1/4

8 x 8 x 2-3/4
2-3/4-inch thick pavers are limited production items
Rhinos Stadium, Rochester, NY
30 Clear Red
Great American Ball Park
Cincinnati, OH
30 Clear Red
32 Antique
42 Cinnamon
43 Tangerine
Indianapolis, IN
54 Chocolate
52 Majestic
53 Cimmerian
Market Street
Minerva, OH
30 Clear Red
32 Antique
36 Red Sunset
Atlantic Promenade
Georgia Tech
30
32
33
34
36
Clear Red
Antique
Dark Antique
Mulberry
Red Sunset
The Meadows at Lake Saint Louis
52 Majestic
53 Cimmerian
54 Chocolate
Riverwalk at Port Imperial
West New York, NJ
41 Caribbean
42 Cinnamon
43 Tangerine
Straight Edge
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4 x 8 x 1-1/2
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4 x 8 x 2-1/4
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4 x 8 x 2-3/4
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8 x 8 x 2-1/4
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8 x 8 x 2-3/4
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6 x 12 x 1-1/2
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6 x 12 x 2-1/4
2-3/4-inch thick pavers are limited production items
Bethesda Terrace, Central Park
New York
32 Antique
Ross Heart Hospital, Ohio State University
Columbus, OH
36 Red Sunset
Modular
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3-5/8 x 7-5/8 x 1-1/4

3-5/8 x 7-5/8 x 2-1/4


Smooth and textured
finishes
Designed for mortared
installations with 3/8-inch
joint
Hays Landscape Architecture Studio
St. Clairesville, OH
37 Fireflashed
Retail Shops
Smyrna, GA
37 Fireflashed
Old World Cobble

All Whitacre Greer Pavers
are available cobbled

6 x 9 x 2-1/4
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6 x 6 x 2-1/4
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6 x 3 x 2-1/4
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6 x 9 x 2-3/4
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6 x 6 x 2-3/4
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6 x 3 x 2-3/4
Private Residence
Tampa, FL
50
52
53
54
2-3/4-inch thick pavers are limited production items
Ivory
Majestic
Cimmerian
Chocolate
Chippewa Lake Residence, OH
50 Ivory
52 Majestic
53 Cimmerian
Private Residence, PA
30 Clear Red
41 Caribbean
32 Antique
33 Dark Antique
36 Red Sunset
Private Residence, Chicago, IL
32 Antique
36 Red Sunset
Bevel w/o Spacing Lugs

4 x 8 x 1-1/2

4 x 8 x 2-1/4

4 x 8 x 2-3/4
2-3/4-inch thick pavers are limited production items
Kerf Pavers

4 x 8 x 1-1/2

4 x 8 x 2-1/4

4 x 8 x 2-3/4
2-3/4-inch thick pavers are limited production items
Private Residence, OH
50 Ivory
52 Majestic
53 Cimmerian
Boardwalk

2-1/4 x 9 x 2-1/4

2-1/4 x 9 x 3

3x9x3

Available with or
without spacing lugs
3 x 9 x 3 Boardwalk Pavers are limited production items
Queen Mary
Long Beach, CA
Custom Colors
Private Residence
North Canton, OH
30 Clear Red
34 Mulberry
Valley Crest Companies,
Calabasas, CA
50 Ivory
52 Majestic
53 Cimmerian
The Barns
Gladstone, NJ
36 Red Sunset
Marriott Hotel
Oakbrook, IL
52 Majestic
53 Cimmerian
54 Chocolate
Marion Street Mall
Oak Park, IL
36 Red Sunset
Dowman Drive - Emory University
Atlanta, GA
32 Antique
33 Dark Antique
34 Mulbery
36 Red Sunset
Rivers Casino
Pittsburgh, PA
41 Caribbean
42 Cinnamon
44 Mahogany
Versant Soleil
Mont-Tremblant, PQ
50 Ivory
52 Majestic
54 Chocolate
Clay Paver Specifications

ASTM C902


Standard Specification for Pedestrian
and Light Traffic Paving Brick
ASTM C1272

Standard Specification for Heavy
Vehicular Paving Brick
ASTM C902

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Classes

SX

MX

NX
Types

I

II

III
Applications

PX

PS

PA
ASTM C902 - Classes
Classification according to the severity of their
use-environment, weather
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
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Class SX – Brick may be frozen while saturated in
water
Class MX – Resistance to freezing is not a factor
Class NX – Interior use where protected from
freezing when wet
ASTM C902 - Types
Classification according to their useenvironment, traffic/abrasion resistance
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Type I – Extensive abrasion use (public
sidewalks and driveways)
Type II – Moderate abrasion use (pedestrian
walkways and residential driveways)
Type III – Low abrasion use (single-family
walkways and floors)
ASTM C902 - Applications
Tolerances on dimensions and warpage
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
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Application PX – Installation without mortar joints where bond
patterns or pavement designs make close dimensional
tolerances desirable, +/- 1/8”
Application PS – Installations with or without mortar joints
where the nature of the pavement and design aesthetic
accommodates moderate size variation, +/- 1/4”
Application PA – Installations in which the non-uniformity in
size, color and texture of the paving brick is desirable, no limit
ASTM C1272
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
Types

Type R

Type F
Applications

Application PX

Application PS

Application PA
ASTM C1272 - Types
Classification according to the intended
method of installation


Type R – Mortar or bituminous set
applications, supported by an adequate
concrete or asphalt base
Type F – Sand set applications with sanded
joints, supported by an adequate base
ASTM C1272 - Applications
Classification according to dimensional tolerances, distortion
and extend of chips

Application PX – Tight dimensional tolerances, limited distortion
and chippage, +/- 1/8”

Application PS – General use, +/- 1/4”

Application PA – Non-uniformity of size, color and texture, no limit
Installation Systems
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Sand Setting Bed / Compacted Aggregate Base

Sand Setting Bed / Poured Concrete Base

Bituminous Setting Bed / Poured Concrete or Asphalt Base
Sand Setting Bed / Aggregate Base
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Sand Setting Bed / Concrete Base
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Bituminous Setting Bed
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Roof Deck Pavements
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Roof Deck – SRS System
Patented System
SRS System
Segmental pavers on elevated roof deck with fiberglass grating
Important Design and
Construction Aspects to Consider

Compaction

Containment

Drainage
Compaction
Sand-set, segmental clay paver
installations rely on adequately
compacted base material to support
the pavement under load


Compact bases and sub-bases with
appropriately sized equipment
Include compaction testing in specifications
Containment
Segmental clay paver installations must be
adequately contained to prevent the movement
and shifting of pavers under load


Review anticipated paver traffic and specify appropriate
edge restraints

Plastic edge restraints

Steel or aluminum edge restraints

Set in place concrete or stone edging

Poured in place concrete curbing
Asphalt is not a appropriate edge restraint for vehicular
clay pavements
Drainage
Appropriately specified clay pavers are very durable in
freezing climates; poor drainage contributes to
premature deterioration of paver systems and
efflorescence


Slopes of 2-10% minimize standing water and yet are
gradual enough to minimize joint sand loss
Consider base and sub-base material and local conditions;
incorporate drainage into installation specifications
Paver Maintenance & Cleaning
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Consult the paver manufacturer before using cleaners or
sealers
Use gently flowing water and a stiff bristle brush to
remove dirt
Commercial cleaning agents specifically formulated for
clay pavers are available for tough stains
Avoid removing joint sand while cleaning; replace joint
sand as necessary
Rock salt and other ice melts will not harm clay pavers;
their use may contribute to efflorescence
Remove snow with rotary brooms when possible; snow
plows and blowers with rubber edges are best; do not use
ice scrapers
Long Term Value
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Clay pavers are very durable
When installed over a sand setting bed and compacted
aggregate base, clay paver systems allow easy access to
underground utilities with limited disruption to adjacent areas
Clay pavers are easily recycled into new paving projects; the
antiqued aesthetic of reclaimed clay pavers is often highly
desirable
Clay pavers will not fade over time; the color specified today will
be the color enjoyed in the future
Morris Civic Plaza
South Bend, IN
Installed late 1960s
LEED Considerations

Credits SS 6.1 and 6.2 Stormwater Design: Quality Control
Permeable clay pavers reduce runoff and increase on-site infiltration.

Credit SS 7.1 Heat Island Effect Non-roof
Many clay pavers have a Solar Reflectance Index of 29 or greater.

Credits MR 4.1 and 4.2 Recycled Content: 10 and 20%
Whitacre Greer pavers have a post-consumer recycled content
of up to 6.25% depending on color.
Multi-shade Permeable Boardwalk Pavers are produced with 100%
pre-consumer recycled material.

Credit MR 5.1 and 5.2 Regional Materials: 10 and 20% Extracted,
Processed & Manufactured Locally
The shales and fireclays used in the manufacture of Whitacre Greer
pavers are mined in Northeastern Ohio near Alliance, OH and within
a 500-mile radius of many major metropolitan areas.
*Consult the U.S. Green Building Council for credit details
Slip and Skid Resistance
Static Coefficient of Friction
Smooth Texture
Dry
.95
1.13
Wet
.84
.97
Meets ADA Requirements
Design and Construction Resources

Whitacre Greer Sales and Customer Service

ICPI Installer Certified

Long History in Clay Products and Paver Industries

www.bia.org

www.icpi.org

www.wgpaver.com
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Infiltrate
and filter storm water
Decrease
Qualify
Meet
storm water runoff rates
for LEED and ASLA sustainable site credits
EPA criteria for storm water management best practices
Reduce
or eliminate storm water detention and retention ponds, storm sewers
and their related costs
Aid
in the harvesting of rain water for irrigation or building grey water use
Process
and reduce pollutants as compared to impervious pavements
Zinc
62-88%
Copper
50-89%
Phosphorous
Total
65%
suspended solids 60-90%
Most
oils adhere to small aggregate particles where they are digested by
bacteria
Conserve
Help
onsite space
maintain predevelopment runoff levels
Permeable Pavers
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Permeable Pavers
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Permeable Pavers
Detail provided by ICPI.org
Permeable Pavers
ASTM D448 Sieve Sizes for No. 2, 57 & 9 Stone Sizes
No. 2
3 in. (75 mm)
100
2 in. (63 mm)
90 to 100
2 in. (50 mm)
35 to 70
1.5 in. (37 mm)
0 to 15
1 in. (25 mm)
3/4 in. (19 mm)
No. 57
No. 9
100
95 to 100
0 to 5
1/2 in. (12.5 mm)
25 to 60
3/8 in. (9.5 mm)
100
No. 4 (4.75 mm)
0 to 10
85 to 100
No. 8 (2.36 mm)
0 to 5
10 to 40
No. 16 (1.16 mm)
0 to 10
No. 50 (300 um)
0 to 5
Water Storage Capacity
No. 2
No. 57
No. 9
+40%
+30-35%
+20%
Vehicular Test Area at Plant
Alliance, OH
48 Recycle

2-1/4 x 9 x 3 (W x L x H)

Approximately 11% open space
Jerome Avenue Park
Margate City, NJ
48 Recycle
Private Residence
Wheaton, IL
48 Recycle
4x8 Permeable




4 x 8 x 2-1/4
4 x 8 x 2-3/4 will be
available spring ‘10
Approximately 8% open
space
Pedestrian and light
vehicular traffic
Wright State University
Dayton, OH
53 Cimmerian
54 Chocolate
Miami Conservancy District, Dayton, OH
50 Ivory
54 Chocolate
Third-party
infiltration testing indicates:
Boardwalk
inches/hour
Permeable capable of infiltrating 1300
4
x 8 x 2-1/4 Permeable capable of infiltrating 970
inches/hour
Even
if 99% clogged Boardwalk Permeable and 4 x 8 x 2-1/4
Permeable are capable of infiltrating 13 and 9.7 inches/hour,
respectively
North
Carolina State University study indicates that initial
infiltration rates can be as high as 2000 inches/hour. Infiltration
rates of clogged systems can be restored with the removal and
replacement of joint material
Permeable
Boardwalk and 4 x 8 x 2-1/4 Permeable are
ADA compliant for paver-to-paver joint widths
An
engineer should be consulted for hydrology and load
bearing design considerations
Situations where permeable paver systems should not exfiltrate:
When
distance between permeable pavement and water supply
wells, streams and wetlands is less than 100 feet horizontally
When
depth from bottom of pavement base is less than 2 feet
from water supply
When
When
used directly over solid rock
used in areas were large quantities of contaminants can
directly impact the sub grade or aquifers, such as at gas stations
This concludes the American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems Program.
(800) 947-2837
wgpaver.com
wgfirebrick.com
Decorative Walls
Whitacre Greer Firebrick

Red or buff colors

Straights, splits and soaps

Traditional or cobbled finishes

ASTM C1261 compliant
Complementing Whitacre Greer firebrick,
refractory mortars; Heat Stop II and
Domestic Fireplace Mortar is also
available from Whtacre Greer. Mortar is
also available from Whitacre Greer.
These temperature-resistant mortars
conform to ASTM C- 199 as required by
many building codes and are perfect for
installing firebrick and clay flues.
Pizza Ovens