Perfect Passive Participle
Slides
1. I see the dog.
2. The dog is seen by me.
ACTIVE verb
PASSIVE verb
3. The dog hearing the whistle ACTIVE participle
4. The whistle heard by the dog PASSIVE participle
In example 1, what is the subject
doing?
What about in 2?
1. I see the dog.
2. The dog is seen by me.
ACTIVE verb
PASSIVE verb
3. The dog hearing the whistle ACTIVE participle
4. The whistle heard by the dog PASSIVE participle
So with an active verb, the subject is
the ACTOR / DOER of the verb.
With a passive verb, the subject is
ACTED UPON by the verb.
1. I see the dog.
2. The dog is seen by me.
ACTIVE verb
PASSIVE verb
3. The dog hearing the whistle ACTIVE participle
4. The whistle heard by the dog PASSIVE participle
And with an active participle, the noun is
the ACTOR / DOER of the participle.
With a passive participle, the noun is
ACTED UPON by the participle.
With an ACTIVE participle, the noun
described by the participle is DOING the
action of the participle (often acting upon
an object).
Examples:
The person READING (the book)
The boy THROWING the ball
puer pilam IACIENS
With a PASSIVE participle, the noun
described by the participle is the thing
ACTED UPON by the participle.
Examples:
the thrown ball (the ball which was thrown)
the eaten cake (the cake which was eaten)
the taught student (the student who was taught)
What word in this passage do you think is a passive participle? Hint: what
sentence already has a verb with another verb formation?
laudo, laudare, laudavi,
LAUDATUM
Yes, we finally get to use the
4th Principal Part of your verbs!!!
Remember, a Participle is an
Adjective formed from a Verb.
• So what type of adjective is the Perfect
Passive Participle?
laudatus, laudata, laudatum
Recall the Present Active Participle was
a 3rd Declension Adjective (laudans,
laudantis, laudanti, etc.)
How to form the Perf. Pass. Partic.
• Go to the 4th Principal Part (which is the
Neuter Nom. Sing. PPP)
• Drop the ‘-um’ ending and add any 1st/2nd
Declension Adjective Ending
(like bonus, bona, bonum)
The Perfect Passive Participle
(Sing)
laudo, are, avi,
laudatum
Masc
Fem
Neut
Nomin.
laudatus
laudata
laudatum
Gen.
laudati
laudatae
laudati
Dat.
laudato
laudatae
laudato
Accus
laudatum
laudatam
laudatum
Abl
laudato
laudatā
laudato
The Perfect Passive Participle
(Plur)
laudo, are,
avi,
laudatum
Masc
Fem
Neut
Nomin.
laudati
laudatae
laudata
Gen.
laudatorum
laudatarum
laudatorum
Dat.
laudatis
laudatis
laudatis
Accus
laudatos
laudatas
laudata
Abl
laudatis
laudatis
laudatis