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Different incidences of cough among four ACE-inhibitors

Tumanan-Mendoza BA, Dans AL, Villacin LL, et al. Dechallenge and rechallenge method showed different incidences of cough among four ACE-Is. J Clin Epidemiol. 2007;60:547-553.

Objective

To compare the incidence of cough among hypertensive patients taking cilazapril

(2.5-5 mg/day), enalapril (10 mg/day), imidapril

(10 mg/day) and perindopril (5 mg/day). This 6week double-blind randomized controlled trial enrolled 301 patients with a mean age of 54.5

years and average baseline systolic/diastolic blood pressure of 145/91 mm Hg.

Incidence of ACE-induced cough in the four treatment groups

Drug

Cough

Drop outs

Cilazapril (n=70)

16 (22.86%)

CI:14.42, 34.25

14

Enalapril (n=82)

18 (21.95%)

CI:14.22, 32.3

11

Perindopril (n=73)

6 (10.96%)

CI:3.71, 17.24

15

Imidapril (n=76)

10 (13.16%)

CI:7.18, 22.88

11

Total

(n=301)

50 (16.61%)

51

Drop outs included in analysis

Fisher’s exact test P value = 0.041

CI, confidence interval

Significantly lower incidence of cough with perindopril compared with other ACE inhibitors

Conclusion

This prospective, randomized, double-blind trial evaluated the rate of cough occurring with different

ACE inhibitors over a treatment initiation period of

6 weeks.

In this population, the incidence of cough in patients receiving perindopril was significantly lower than for other treatments, such as enalapril, cilazapril, and imidapril.

As blood pressure reduction was equivalent in each group, the author concluded that there is a difference between ACE inhibitors regarding the occurrence of cough.

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