Welcome
to
the presentation
on
Population, Planning and Priorities
Presented by – M.D. Lele, Chief Planner, CIDCO
Relevance at the occasion
 Request to speak on “Challenges of urban settlements and
CIDCO’s experience ”
 PPP in vogue. Why not speak on other 3P’s…People, Planning
and Priorities to solve Problems
 Given the state of the nation today, temptation to add POLITICS
 So many P’s at a time on a public platform may create ??..
Problems!
India Today
 Adding an Australia every year i.e. about 20 million !
 Outnumber the Chinese by 2041
 How the housing shortage (constantly pegged at 24 million) remains
static! Are we really matching the pace, I wonder at times !
The rate of urbanization in India will accelerate by leaps and
bounds and Maharashtra will continue to top the chart
 35 million plus cities in India in 2001 and the figure may
cross the century mark in 2 more decades, leaving urban
planners at the receiving end !
Hypothesis
 Urban Population exploding, next 3 decades will see
50% population
 Need to plan for them to provide good living conditions
 Since resources are limited, we need to prioritize
 As the growth is rapid, appropriate policies and
prioritization is must
The eternal triangle
Population
The City
Priorities
Planning
Politics for development or one upmanship ?
The eternal triangle - Relationship
 People living in the cities are affected by the planning/policies
of the ULBs
 Planning of the ULBs addresses the city problems and are
based on available resources
 Resources are limited; Manpower, Money, Material and
Management and not the least TIME. Hence prioritization is
required
 Land : Indispensable and valuable resource
 Challenge is to judiciously assign activity/use to land
 The policies framed should benefit the people with optimum
use of resources
Where do we begin ?
 Let’s first have enough planners to deal with the myriad
problems
 Plan for more planning schools and development of
associated human resources
 2 new Planning Schools have become functional at Bhopal
and Vijaywada
 CEPT University at Ahmedabad runs the M.Tech course in
Infrastructure Planning.
 Planning courses at undergraduate level and infrastructure
management at PG level in institutes.
 Thus our priorities are right !
City Planning
 The most used tool by planners – Development Plan
 Development Plan – 20 years perspective
 Facilities/Utilities – Gestation period, long lasting
 Planning objectives must address people’s requirements
and aspirations
 Failure to recognize them fails the plan (Encroachments,
Unauthorized layouts, Undeveloped SF – PU)
 Dual approach – Whole to part and part to whole
 Need for ‘Short Term Action Plans’
Planning – Decision making matrix
 The Three Es while allocating resources including land
 Economy
 Equity
 Environment
 Competing cities - Chennai, Gurgaon, Pune
 Competing uses - Malls, Multiplexes, Schools
 Environment – Can we ignore it to compete and
provide more lucrative uses ?
 Inclusive approach for city’s sustenance – being
inorganic
Attributes of Planning/Plan
 Futuristic vision
 Proper assessment of problems
 Flexibility in approach – Structure Plan
 Provision of space to accommodate future
requirements /trends, contingencies
 Pragmatic policies
Attributes of Population
 The plan must cater requirements of all population
classes viz. Children, Under-privileged, Physically Challenged,
Aged, Homeless, Cosmopolitan, etc.
 The push-pull migration factor
 Distinct shift towards cities
 Productivity of cities
 Equal opportunity for all to prosper
Attributes of Policies
 Each city is unique and has its own characteristics
 Ground realities
 Understanding of how people live
 What the city needs
 What the people need
 Centrally prepared policies - Single solution not workable
 Issues and solutions should be identified locally
 Best public interest of maximum number of beneficiaries
 Comprehensive approach after identifying all influencing
factors and likely fall-outs
Attributes of Priorities
 Long-term benefit over short-term pain
 To extend the benefits to the under-privileged/
vulnerable
 Scarce resources, hence imperative to get priorities
right
 Decision taken – Asset created, if unused all resources
wasted, precious time lost
Failure in Implementation of plans
 Only upto 20% of DP proposals could be implemented
 Lack of resources
 Political will
 Lack of vision
 Litigations about land/contracts
 Mismatches between needs and priorities
Reasons for poor services
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Population pressure
Absence of long term planning
Governance Issues
Inadequate cost recovery
Precarious financial position of ULBs
Poor operation and maintenance of assets
Inadequate capacities of assets/people
Rationale for JNNURM
 Challenge lies in bridging the Infrastructure deficit
 Backlog
 Present requirement
 Future needs
 Creating an environment & statutory framework for
smooth transition
 Need a departure from Business as Usual
 JNNURM: A response to this challenge
 Improving O&M of assets
JnNURM: The Context
 Urban Water Supply, Sanitation and Roads will need about
28,035 Crores for next 10 years
 Urban Transport Infrastructure in cities with population more
than 1 Lakh will need 207000 Crores for next 20 years
 Over a seven-year period, ULBs would require investments of
Rs. 1,20,536 crores.
 JnNURM plans investment of Rs 50,000 crores over 7 years
 To be matched by State and local governments
 Rest to be raised from Private Sector Participation
Objectives of JNNURM
1
2
Ensure adequate
funds to fulfil
deficiencies
3
Bring about urbanisation in a
dispersed manner through
planned development of cities
Integrated
development of
infrastructure services
in the cities
JNNURM seeks to
encourage reforms and fast
track planned development
4
Provision of
services for the
urban poor
6
Secure effective linkages
between asset creation &
asset management to make
infrastructural services selfsustaining
5
Redevelopment
of old cities
Outcome of JNNURM Reform Agenda
 Modern and transparent budgeting, accounting, financial
management systems, designed and adopted for all urban
services and governance functions
 City-wide framework for planning and governance will be
established and become operational
 All urban residents will be able to obtain access to a basic level
of urban services
 Financially self-sustaining agencies for urban governance and
service delivery will be established, through reforms to major
revenue instruments
 Local services and governance will be conducted in a manner
that is transparent and accountable to citizens
 e-Governance applications will be introduced in core functions
of ULBs resulting in reduced cost and time of service delivery
processes
Conclusion
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Assess rightly the population needs
Frame pragmatic policies for inclusive development
Prioritize actions
Execute decisions
Constant Review
Because….. Planning is a continuous process!
Thank You