Roman Republic to
Roman Empire
1.
2.
3.
4.
Geography of Italy
Roman Republic
Roman Empire
Cause and Effect Charting
Physical Map
1. Observations?
2. Conclusions?
3. Effects on
Civilization?
Roman Republic 509 BCE– 47 CE
Roman Conquest of Italy
Roman State
Roman Conquest of the Mediterranean 264-133 BCE
Decline and Fall of the Republic 133-31 BCE
Growth of the Roman Republic
 Roman Confederation
City of Rome
Expands
340 BCE Rome
Crushes Latin
States
264 BCE Rome
Conquers Greek
and Etruscan Cities
 Roman Citizens
 Roman Allies
 Military Service
 Autonomy
 Advantages
 Roman Roads
 Military Strategies and
Service
 Diplomacy
 Hellenistic Culture
Roman Republic
Governing Officials




Consuls
Praetors
Tribunes of Plebs
Magistrates
Governing Organizations
Army
Governing
Officials
Council of the Plebs
(287 BCE Pass Laws)
Centuriate
Assembly
Laws
Rome’s Social Classes

Patricians



Wealthy, great land owners (Latifundia),
Consuls, magistrates, senators
Plebians
Large landowners, small farmers, artisans,
merchants
 Citizens and voters but not officials until 300 BCE


Struggle of the Orders
Senate
(300 men for life pass laws)
Decline and Collapse of the Republic
Decline
 Growth of Latifundia
 Gracchus Brothers
 Land Reforms
 Assassination 133 BCE
 General Marius’ Army
 Service for Land
 Loyalty to the General
Collapse
 Triumvirate 60 BCE
 Crassus (Syria)
 Pompey (Spain)
 Julius Caesar (Gaul)
 Caesar Dictator for Life at 47
BCE
 Land to the poor
 365 Day calendar
 Assassinated in 44 BCE
 Octavian and Antony
Roman Empire
Age of Augustus 31 BCE – 14 CE
Early Empire 14-180
Five Good Emperors 96-180
Frontiers and Provinces
Prosperity in the Early Empire
Crisis in the Late Empire
Late Roman Empire
Early Roman Empire
Age of Augustus 31-14 BCE
Five Good Emperors
14 BCE – 180 CE
 27 BCE Emperor and
 Emperor abuse 10-96
Senate
 Standing Army 150,000
 Pretorian Guard 9,000
(Immortals?)
 Emperor’s Provinces
 Senate’s Governors
Provinces
 Emperor In Charge!!
 Pax Romana
 Peace
 Tolerance
 Diplomacy
 Education Welfare
 Public Building
 3.5 millions square miles
 50 million people
 Greco-Roman Civ
Crisis and the Late Roman
Empire
Crisis in Rome 180-250 Late Roman Empire
 Civil War
284-337
 Military Strongmen
 Diocletian &
 Invasion by Persia and Constantine
Germanic Tribes
 Plague
 Decline in trade and
farming
 Enlarge the Military
 Reorganize Bureaucracy
 Strict Government
regulation
 Moved to the capital to
Constantinople (Istanbul)
 Adopt Christianity
Cause and Effect Charting
Make a T-Chart Cause and Effect
using your notes
for Republic to Empire
Cause
1. City of Rome defeats
the Etruscans
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Republic grows and the
Struggle of the Orders
for equality Plebs and
Pats
Generals recruit the
poor and loyal soldiers
Octavian reorganizes the
balance of power with
the senate and emperor
Emperors abuse their
power
Pax Romana
Effect
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Roman Republic is organized and
conquers Italy with military and
roads
Equality legally and aristocratic
families gain all the senatorial power
causing divide between rich and
poor
Triumvirate and Dictator gain power
over an expansive Roman Empire
Emperors abuse their power
Pax Romana through 5 good
emperors and stabilization of the
territory Roman Empire
Trade prospers, agriculture
dominates the empire, slavery exists,
urbanization, Silk Road connects
Rome to the Han Empire