Occupational Health and Safety Committees Joint Training Initiative 1 Introduction Your name? Your workplace? Member of OHS Committee for how long? Your role as a committee member? Previous OHS training or experience? 2 Action Objective To provide participants with a clear understanding of workplace committee’s members duties in order to be able to effectively perform those duties to reduce or eliminate workplace hazards. 3 Learning Objective a) Participants will be able to understand the purpose and legal requirement of Policy and Workplace committees (including Representatives) under the NT/NU Acts 4 Learning Objectives b) Participants will be able to assume the functions and responsibilities of workplace committees 5 Learning Objective c) Participants will be able to will be able to use effective communication methods to render their committee efficient 6 Learning Objectives d) Participants will be able to develop and implement a work plan aiming at the reduction, elimination and control of workplace hazards 7 8 Legislative Framework This module will introduce the concept of Occupational Health and Safety Laws and Regulations: Understanding and interpreting laws and regulations is essential for workplace health and safety committee members. 9 Legislative Framework ACT: State general duties, requirements and principles REGULATIONS: Provide specific rules for many circumstances Cannot exceed the general authority of the10 ACT Reading Legislation Punctuation: And vs. Or May vs. Shall As prescribe: as prescribed in Regulation 11 Reading Legislation 157. (3) (b) (i) 157: section (3): subsection (b): paragraph (i): subparagraph 12 Legislative Framework Canada Labour Code, Part II (For Federal Workers) NT/NU Occupational Safety and Health Regulations Criminal Code 13 Legislative Framework Collective Agreements Corporate Policies, Codes of Practice, Guidelines, Workplace Procedures 14 NT/NU WSCC ACTS Those members who do not fall the under the Canada Code are covered by our Acts which have similar, if not in some cases higher more stringent regulations. 15 WSCC General Safety Regulations Overview of Sections in the Northwest and Nunavut Territorial WSCC Acts 16 WSCC General Safety Regulations Part I – INTERPRETATION Definitions of some of the terms used throughout the regulations PART II – Personal Protective Equipment 17 WSCC Part 1 Interpretation. 1(1) Application. 2 Accident Prevention. 3 (a-h) 18 WSCC General Safety Act PART III – First Aid Service Requirements PART IV – Office Safety 19 WSCC General Safety Regulations PART V – Construction and Maintenance Schedules of Threshold levels 20 WSCC General Safety Regulations Program. 4-37 Accident prevention program. 4-8 Instructions to Workers. 9-10 Equipment and Work Process. 11-12 Improper Conduct. 13 Persons Working Alone. 14 Impaired Persons. 15-16 21 WSCC Safety Regulations Entry and Exit from Work Areas. 17 Illumination. 18-19 Restricted Visibility. 20 Housekeeping. 23-29 Noise Hazards. 30-31 Radiation Hazards. 32-34 Reporting of Accidents. 35 Confined spaces. 36-37 22 WSCC Part 111 Personal Protective Equipment General. 38-40 Foot ware. 41-42 Headgear.43- 45 Hand Protection.46- 47 Eye Protection. 48-50 Flotation. 51 Ventilation. 52-54 Respiratory. 55-56 Safety Belts Harnesses, Lanyards and Lifelines. 57-59 23 WSCC Part IV Office Safety Employers Responsibility. 80 Work Areas. 81-87 24 WSCC General Safety Act Construction and Maintenance Safe Building Construction. 88 Handrails and Guard rails. 89-96 Guards and Protective Guards. 97-139 Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment 141-149 Miscellaneous Requirement. 150-153 Welding and Burning. 154-167 Explosive actuated tools. 168-199 Mobile Equipment. 200-214 Rollover Protection Structures. 215-242 25 WSCC General Safety Regulations PART V continued Transporting Materials. 243-245 Ladders. 246-259 Stages and Scaffolding. 260-327 Trestles. 328-344 Boatswains Chairs. 345-348 Work on roofs. 349-352 Construction Procedures. 353-361 Industrial chimney and Hoists. 362-378 Electrical Installations. 379 26 Legislative Recourse OVERVIEW Overview of the Legislation that covers all workers in the NWT/NU 27 Need to Know You need to: know the laws your co-workers, and your employer must follow; know your legal rights in the workplace; and know what to do if you are in an unsafe work situation. 28 What is Workplace Health and Safety Legislation? The main laws concerning workplace health and safety are: NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations; NWT and NU Mine Health and Safety Acts and Regulations; Canada Labour Code; 29 Legislation NWT Employment Standards and NU Labour Standards Act; NWT and NU Human Rights Acts; and Regulations covering Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) Most laws in Canada are called Acts. 30 The NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations The Acts set out the basic rights and responsibilities of both workers and employers and include the: right to know about workplace hazards; right to participate in workplace health and safety; and right to refuse any unsafe work. 31 The NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations continued… Other areas covered by the Safety Acts are: Duty of Employer; Duty of Worker; Joint Worksite Occupational Health and Safety Committees; 32 The NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations continued… Offences by employers, workers and the penalties imposed. Powers and duties of WSCC Safety Officers; 33 The NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations continued… The Regulations cover broad subjects like: Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System; Environmental tobacco smoke; Personal protective clothing and equipment; Incident reporting; First Aid service requirements; Office safety; and Construction and maintenance. 34 What happens if the Safety Acts and Regulations aren’t followed? If a WSCC Safety Officer finds an employer or worker not following the Acts and Regulations, they have the power to: order them to comply with the law; issue a stop work order; and/or begin legal proceedings. 35 What happens if the Safety Acts and Regulations aren’t followed? continued… Employer, supervisor, or manager: fined up to $500,000 and/or imprisoned for up to 1 year Worker: fined up to $50,000 and/or imprisoned for up to 6 months Condoned: if a worker knew about an offence and didn’t report it, they can be fined up to $25,000 and/or imprisoned for up to 1 month 36 Harassment Protection POLICIES, GUIDELINES AND LEGAL PROVISIONS THAT PROVIDE US WITH THE RIGHT TO AN HARASSMENT-FREE WORKPLACE 37 NWT Human Rights Act http://nwthumanrights.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/NWT-Human-Rights-Act-2009.pdf Prohibited Grounds of Discrimination 5. (1) For the purposes of this Act, the prohibited grounds of discrimination are race, colour, ancestry, nationality, ethnic origin, place of origin, creed, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status, family status, family affiliation, political belief, political association, social condition and a conviction for which a pardon has been granted 38 NWT Human Rights Act http://nwthumanrights.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/NWT-Human-Rights-Act-2009.pdf Employment 7. (1) No person shall, on the basis of a prohibited ground of discrimination, (a) refuse to employ or refuse to continue to employ an individual or a class of individuals; or (b) discriminate against any individual or class of individuals in regard to employment or any term or condition of employment. 39 NWT Human Rights Act http://nwthumanrights.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/NWT-Human-Rights-Act-2009.pdf Harassment Harassment 14. (1) No person shall, on the basis of a prohibited ground of discrimination, harass any individual or class of individuals (a) in the provision of goods, services, facilities or accommodation; (b) in the provision of commercial premises or residential accommodation; or (c) in matters related to employment. 40 NWT Human Rights Act http://nwthumanrights.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/NWT-Human-Rights-Act-2009.pdf (2) In subsection (1), "harass", in respect of an individual or class of individuals, means engage in a course of vexatious comment or conduct that is known or ought reasonably to be known to be unwelcome by the individual or class 41 Collective Agreement Article 32.01 Discrimination The Employer and the Union agree that there shall be no discrimination, interference, restriction, harassment or coercion exercised or practiced with respect to any employee by reason of age sex, race, colour, creed, national or ethnic origin, marital status, family status, sexual orientation, disability, gender identity, conviction for which a pardon has been granted, religious or political affiliation, or any other grounds proscribed by applicable legislation, by reason of Union membership or activity, nor by exercising their rights under the collective Agreement. 42 Collective Agreement Article 51 Sexual Harassment 51.01 …Every employee has the right to freedom from harassment in the workplace because of sex by his/her Employer or agent of the Employer or by another employee. 43 Collective Agreement Article 40 Safety and Health 40.01 …The Employer shall continue to make all reasonable provisions for the occupational safety and health of employees… 44 NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations The duty of the employer is to: a)Maintain the workplace so the health and safety of workers and others is not likely to be endangered; b)Take all reasonable precautions, and adopt and carry out all reasonable techniques and procedures to ensure the health and safety of every person in the workplace; 45 NWT and NU Safety Acts and Regulations The Duty of the worker is to: a) Take all reasonable precautions to ensure his or her own safety and the safety of other persons in the workplace. 46 NWT NU Workers’ Compensation Act Policy 03.09 – Psychiatric and Psychological Disability – outlines how the WCB will accept and compensate for claims for psychiatric and psychological disability. A worker may experience an event or series of events which leads to mental stress and psychiatric or psychological disability. The event must satisfy criteria of work-relatedness, trauma and objective verification. To be compensable, the psychiatric or psychological disability must result from physical or emotional reactions to workplace trauma and be diagnosed by a psychiatrist or psychologist. 47 NWT NU Workers’ Compensation Act Work-related traumatic events do not include the usual pressures and tensions reasonably expected by the nature of the worker’s occupation and duties. Section 12(b) of the Workers’ Compensation Act states that no person is entitled to compensation for mental stress arising out of labour relations between the worker and employer, including mental stress caused by wrongful dismissal, unless the act or omission was made with intent to harm the worker. 48 GNWT Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Scope 1) This Policy applies to every employee in the public service of the GNWT, except the NWT Power Corp. The Policy applies to workplace harassment that occurs at or away from the work place during or outside working hours within the context of the employment relationship. 2) This policy and resolution process does not apply to complaints from clients or public … 49 GNWT Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Policy Statement The GNWT recognizes the diversity of the Northwest Territories’ public service and is committed to providing work environment where every employee is treated with fairness, dignity and respect. … 50 GNWT Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Policy Statement cont .. The Northwest Territories’ Human Rights Act provides every person in the workplace the right to freedom from harassment that is related to … (re: grounds of discrimination in the Act) The GNWT also recognizes other types of workplace harassment that affect an employee’s dignity, not covered by prohibited grounds under the Human Rights Act. 51 GNWT Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Policy Statement cont … Harassment in any form is unacceptable behaviour and will not be tolerated. The GNWT is committed to providing a work environment where there is respect amongst employees and to facilitating the resolution of workplace harassment complaints. 52 GNWT Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Principles The GNWT will adhere to the following principles when implementing this Policy: 1) All employees in the NWT public services have the responsibility to respect the rights of others and prevent incidents of harassment in the workplace. 2) Nothing in this policy reduces the responsibility of employees and managers to address inappropriate conduct in the workplace, regardless of whether or not a complaint has been made. 53 GNWT Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy 4. Definitions / Workplace Harassment Means any behaviour that satisfies one or more of the following definitions as defined in this policy (see page 4 of Policy) Abuse of Authority … Harassment … Personal Harassment … Sexual Harassment … 54 GNWT Guide to Applying the Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Introduction The GNWT is committed to creating and maintaining a respectful workplace free of harassment and where all individuals are treated with fairness, dignity and respect… 55 GNWT Guide to Applying the Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy Workplace Harassment The GNWT recognizes that conflicts occur, and the Harassment Free and Respectful Workplace Policy is not meant to interfere with everyday work interactions where some conflict is normal. Every employee is expected to demonstrate behaviour that creates and maintains a respectful workplace and to resolve issues in a manner that contributes to a healthy, productive, workplace. 56 Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) WHMIS is a Canadawide information system that: deals with the handling, use, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials. 57 WHMIS applies to employers and workers that store, handle, and dispose of controlled products at a workplace. 58 WHMIS It is important to note that the WHMIS and Dangerous Goods protocols are being revised. This was to be done last year but has been delayed. Once in place retraining will be required for all workers. 59 60 Rights and Responsibilities This module will introduce the concept of Accountability and Responsibility in OHS Roles and Responsibilities within Organizations. It will also outline OHS Responsibilities in the Organization. 61 Some key statistics World: Canada: 270 million - workplace accidents / year 160 million - occupational diseases / year Close to 1 million claims / year Close to ½ include lost time 1000 fatalities / year Social impact Lifes changes for ever Health, family, social, career 62 Internal Responsibility System Canadian OHS law rests on the Internal Responsibility System What does it mean? 63 How is the IRS suppose to work? Workplace parties are more knowledgeable and have a greater vested interest regarding hazards that may exist in the workplace 64 IRS The Internal Complaint Resolution Process must be used before other legal redress found in the OHS Legislation. 65 IRS and the Employer : Provide a healthy workplace Set up programmes and procedures Provide all workers with: Information Instruction Training Supervision Fix problems Work with joint workplace committee 66 IRS and the Worker : Look after our OHS Look after co-workers’ OHS Follow established procedures Report Hazards Symptoms Use our rights Take action to get problems fixed 67 IRS and the Government : Regulator: Enforce Law Prepare and implement new laws through a consultation process Take those disobeying the law to court 68 Rights and Responsibilities Employer Obligations Workshop A: Employer Responsibilities Hand out 2 from PSAC Learning activity 5 – Part I Article 3-37 WSCC Safety Regulations: Duties of Employers. 69 Duties of Employers Provide Employees with: Information – hazards Training Instruction Supervision Safety Materials – P.P.E. – Maintenance Investigating – Recording – Reporting Comply with Directions 70 Rights and Responsibilities Duties of Employees Workshop B: Hand out 3 from PSAC Learning activity 5 – Section 5 (a-b) WSCC Act: Duties of Employees 71 Employee’s Obligations Use Safety Materials & P.P.E. Follow Procedures Reasonable precautions for their safety – anyone else Cooperate Report Hazards: Work Place & Work Activity Report Accidents Report Contravention 72 73 Workplace Participation This module will introduce the concept of joint participation in workplace occupational health and safety issues. The role and responsibilities of Workplace committees are addressed. Participants will understand that workers and employers must participate together to identify, communicate and resolve occupational health and safety issues. 74 Workplace Participation Workshop C: Handout Scenario (Enforcement) 1 to 3 in chapter 5, learning activity La1 (CLC course), create three (3) small groups and ask each group to answer all three (3) scenarios. Each group to identify a reporter who will report back to the whole group. 75 H&S Policy Committees It is the pivot of the Internal Responsibility System and the commitment towards a joint decision making mechanism The objective of the Committee is to ensure that H&S issues be settled by the head of the organization. 76 Policy Committee Assist in the development of Policies and Programs Deal with matters raised by members and referred by a Work Place Committee – Representative Participate in the development and monitoring: prevention and education Participates in inquiries, studies, investigations and inspections Monitor data on work accidents, injuries and health hazards Participate in the development and monitoring: P.P.E., Clothing, Devices, Materials Participates in the planning of the implementation, and the implementation, including work processes and Procedures 77 Workplace Participation Workshop D Distribute Handout 3 from PSAC learning activity 7 for workplace committee: workshop. Option a) if large group, create small groups who will work on a few paragraph each. Have a reporter to report on a few paragraphs and move to the next. Option b) is small group, have the whole group work together and ask participants to report back after having time to work together. 78 Workplace Participation Workshop E Distribute Handout chapter 3 –LA2 (CLC course). How: Facilitate a group discussion. Ask a participant to read out loud Scenario 1: facilitator to read the questions. Ask participants to take five (5) minutes to read the Canada Labour Code sections identified under this scenario and to discuss with the person sitting next to them (facilitator identifies (1,2; 1,2; 1,2; etc.)). Then facilitate a group discussion on the scenario using scenario 1 discussion sheet as a guide. Repeat same process for all three (3) scenarios. 79 Responsibilities Health and Safety Committee members Consider and address all Health & Safety Complaints 80 Responsibilities H & S Committee Members Participate in the implementation and monitoring of prevention of work place hazards, including training 81 Responsibilities H & S Committee Members Participate in the implementation and monitoring of a program for the provision of personal protective equipment (PPE), clothing, devices, or materials 82 Responsibilities H&S Committee Members Participate in all inquiries, investigations, studies, and inspections (Health & Safety), when appropriate gets the assistance of professionals or technically qualified people for advice 83 Records Ensure records are maintained on work accidents, injuries and health hazards relating to the health and safety of employees 84 Responsibilities H&S Committee members Assist the employer in investigating and assessing the exposure of employees to hazardous substances 85 Responsibilities H&S Committee members Inspect the work place, at least once a year 86 Responsibilities H&S Committee members Participate in the implementation of changes that might affect occupational health and safety, including work processes and procedures and, where there is no policy committee, shall participate in the planning of the implementation of those changes 87 Compensation and Return to Work This module will introduce the concept, legalities and processes to follow to be compensated in case an employee suffers from a workplace injury or illness and will address the challenges a person with a functional limitation who returns to work may live. 88 Workers Compensation Awareness 89 1918 1952 90 When injured at work! 91 STEPS WHEN A WORKER IS INJURED 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) First Aid Control of accident scene Plan investigation Interview Witnesses Gather Physical Evidence ANALYSIS Report and Make recommendations FOLLOW-UP 92 How to get a claim approved by the Board? 93 How to get a claim approved by the Board? Claiming Workers Compensation When? How? What should I say / not say? What if I need accommodation? Where can I get help? 94 How to get a claim approved by the Board? Definition of Acccident includes: A chance event occasioned by a physical or natural cause; or The biggest reason for the denial of these claims is a lack of proof that an injury happened A disablement arising out of and in the course of employment The major reason for the denial of these claims is lack of proof that the work caused the injury 95 Review and Appeals If you disagree with a decision that we make, you have two levels of appeal: Level 1 - Review Committee - an internal committee which hears your review. The Review Committee can confirm, reverse or vary the original decision. Level 2 - Appeals Tribunal - an external body made up of members appointed by the Minister responsible for the Workers' Safety and Compensation Commission. It can only hear appeals of decisions the Review Committee makes. The Appeals Tribunal can uphold, reverse or vary the Review Committee’s decision. Review Committee To request the review of a decision by the Review Committee, follow the Review Procedure and complete a Request for Review form. Please note, effective April 1, 2011, as per section 115 of the NWT and Nunavut Workers' Compensation Act(s), a request for review of a Commission decision must be made within three (3) years of the day of the original decision 96 WSCC Review Procedure | Download and complete the Request for Review form, or write a letter to the Registrar of the Review Committee. Your letter should include: Your claim number or employer number Date of the decision letter you want reviewed Reason(s) why you disagree with the decision What you feel the decision should be If you want an oral hearing or a documentary review For an in-person hearing, you are responsible for your travel and accommodations costs. Send your Request for Review to: Review Committee Registrar Workers' Safety & Compensation Commission Box 8888 Yellowknife, NT X1A 2R3 Or Fax Toll-free to: 1 866 277-3677 97 The Review Committee Registrar will: Send you a letter of receipt; Confirm the type of herain granted; Schedule your hearing date. The Review Commitee will: Hold the hearing within 30 business days of receiving your request; Make a decision within 20 business days of the hearing; Send you the final decision. Deferred reviews may take longer than 50 business days. 98 Appeals Tribunal To appeal a Review Committee decision, complete an Appeals Application Form and send it to the Appeals Tribunal Registrar: Appeals Tribunal Registrar NWT and Nunavut Workers' Compensation Appeals Tribunal Suite 1002 - 10th Floor Precambrian Building Box 20 - 4920 52nd Street, Yellowknife NT X1A 3T1 Phone:(867) 669-4420 Toll Free: 1-888-777-8167 Fax: (867) 766-4467 You can receive help with your review at any time by contacting the Workers' Advisor. There is no charge for their services. 99 How to get a claim approved by the Board? Personal injury by an accident and/or disease arising out of and in the course of employment: Example: Do not say: I fell and hurt myself. Say: I was walking through the office in the scanning division. I stepped on a marker that was on the floor. My right leg went forward and I lost my balance. I fell backwards. I hit my shoulder on the fax machine. I hurt my right shoulder on the machine. When I landed on the floor, I hurt my right wrist, my neck, and my right hip. 100 OTHER COMPENSATION OPTIONS 101 OTHER COMPENSATION OPTIONS Sick leave credits Sick leave advances Employment Insurance sickness benefits (first 15 weeks) max. 42 300$ / 55% (23 265$ annual) 102 OTHER COMPENSATION OPTIONS Release for Incapacity / Resignation / Medical Retirement Disability Insurance (after 13 weeks) 70% / 66% / top up Canada Pension Plan Total Disability Benefits Public Service Superannuation Act (2% X # years) Impact on Severance Pay 103 OTHER COMPENSATION OPTIONS Social Services WSIB: max. 75 100$ annual / 85% CSST: max. 62 000$ annual / 90% If you apply for these benefits you must let them know that you are also applying for WCB benefits. They will ask you to sign a form which is a promise to pay back the money you may receive from WCB. 104 WSCC Appeal Process Review and Appeals If you disagree with a decision that we make, you have two levels of appeal: Level 1 - Review Committee - an internal committee which hears your review. The Review Committee can confirm, reverse or vary the original decision. Level 2 - Appeals Tribunal - an external body made up of members appointed by the Minister responsible for the Workers' Safety and Compensation Commission. It can only hear appeals of decisions the Review Committee makes. The Appeals Tribunal can uphold, reverse or vary the Review Committee’s decision. Review Committee To request the review of a decision by the Review Committee, follow the Review Procedure and complete a Request for Review form. For an in-person hearing, you are responsible for your travel and accommodations costs. 105 WSCC Appeal Process Please note, effective April 1, 2011, as per section 115 of the NWT and Nunavut Workers' Compensation Act(s), a request for review of a Commission decision must be made within three (3) years of the day of the original decision. WSCC Review Procedure English | Français | Download and complete the Request for Review form, or write a letter to the Registrar of the Review Committee. Your letter should include: Your claim number or employer number Date of the decision letter you want reviewed Reason(s) why you disagree with the decision What you feel the decision should be If you want an oral hearing or a documentary review 106 107 Hazards and Danger This module will introduce the concept of Right to Know, the Right to Participate and the Right to Refuse Dangerous Work. It will address the impact of the Internal Responsibility System in managing OHS issues and in the Regulator’s enforcement strategy. 108 Internal Complaint Resolution Process 127.1 Worker believes contravention or accident likely Complaint to supervisor Supervisor & Worker: resolve issue – case Closed & Documented Chairperson Work Place Health & Safety Committee Joint Investigation – writing complaint justified or not – Make recommendation Employer respond in writing – when and how to be resolved – if danger must stop work WSCC NT/NU Safety Dept – writing – justify – Directive 110 Appeal Process Right to Refuse Dangerous Work Inform Employer Employer agrees, takes action Employer informs Work Place Committee of danger + actions If parties disagree: Inform Employer + Union Representative Joint investigation – outcome If no agreement between parties, notify Labour Health & Safety Officer Alternate Work – Safe Place WSCC Safety investigates – all parties WSCC Safety – writing Appeal Process 111 Right to Refuse Dangerous Work 128. Not a normal condition of employment – Danger Use or operation of a machine Condition Activity 112 Danger Means any existing or potential hazard or condition or a current or future activity that could reasonably be expected to cause injury or illness to a person exposed to it before the hazard or condition can be corrected, or the activity altered, whether or not the injury or illness occurs immediately after exposure to the hazard, condition or activity, and includes any exposure to a hazardous substance that is likely to result in a chronic illness (+ reproductive system). 113 Right To Refuse (2) A worker may refuse to do any work where the worker has reason to believe that (a) there exists an unusual danger to the health or safety of the worker; (b) the carrying out of the work is likely to cause to exist an unusual danger to the health or safety of the worker or of any other person; or (c) the operation of any tool, appliance, machine, device or thing is likely to cause to exist an unusual danger to the health or safety of the worker or of any other person. 114 Right To Refuse Reporting refusal to work (3) On refusing to work, the worker shall promptly report the circumstances of his or her refusal to the employer or supervisor who shall without delay investigate the report and take steps to eliminate the unusual danger in the presence of the worker and a representative of the worker's union, if there is such, or another worker selected by the worker who shall be made available and who shall attend without delay. 115 PREVENTION PROGRAM What is a hazard prevention program? A program developed for the prevention of hazards in the work place through either the elimination of hazards, the reduction of hazards and finally the use of personal protective equipment The prevention program also applies to workers who work outside of the workplace – their work activities are covered to the extent that the employer controls the activity The prevention program should tie together all of the preventative measures found in the Acts and Regulations Provides for an all-encompassing prevention system in the work place that deals with all hazards, including hazards not directly referred to in existing regulations 116 LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY 7. (1) The Chief Safety Officer may direct that a Joint Work Site Health and Safety Committee be established at any work site and where the Chief Safety Officer so directs (a) the employer of the workers at the work site, or 117 LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY (b) the principal contractor, where the workers of two or more employers are employed at the same work site, or the owner of the project, where there is no principal contractor, shall ensure that a Committee is established 118 RELATED LEGISLATIVE LANGUAGE recommendations to the principal contractor, the owner or the employer, as the case may be, and the workers for the improvement of the health and safety of workers at the work site, and for this purpose, the Committee may seek the advice of a safety officer and shall notify a safety officer of any unsafe or unhealthy situation on which it is unable to make a 119 Workplace Inspection & Hazardous Occurrence Investigation This module will introduce the concept of Workplace Inspections and Hazardous Occurrence Investigation (accident investigation). 120 Workplace Inspection 121 Workplace Inspection Every part of the workplace inspected at least once a year Inspect on a monthly basis Develop a checklist specific to work location Focus on hazards Divide workplace into distinct Sectors Record and Identify Corrective Actions 122 Workplace Inspection 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) Walking and working surfaces Stairs and ladders Exits Fire prevention and evacuation procedures Safety Devices Design Ergonomics 123 Workplace Inspection 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) Machine functioning Electrical equipment Lighting Temperature Physical layout Housekeeping Work clothes 124 Workplace Inspection 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) 23) Sanitation and wellness Bulletin board Job training and job description Confined spaces Ventilation P.P.E. Storage of materials (incl. Hazardous) Specific rules First Aid 125 Hazardous Occurrence Investigation Workshop F Hazardous Occurrence Investigation. Create two teams, distribute the two (2) Hazardous Occurrences Investigation Scenarios, review questions with participants and ask participants to break into two teams for 15 minutes. They must assign a reporter who will report back to the group. Ensure the reporter reads the scenario to the group before reporting back the work of the small group 126 Investigation Legal Requirement – Accountability Joint Investigation - Responsibility Cause of Accident Corrective Measures Prevention Actions Cost Worker’s Compensation 127 Investigation 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) First Aid Control of accident scene Plan investigation Interview Witnesses Gather Physical Evidence ANALYSIS Report and Make recommendations FOLLOW-UP 128 Investigation WHY: Causes – Direct and Indirect Combination of factors Cycle, timing, speed Supervision or lack of Training or lack of Work procedures or lack of Toxic substances 129 Investigation Investigation Team: ANALYSIS & REPORTING Causes: Tasks Material Environment Personnel Management Collection of Facts: - Witnesses - Phys. Evidence - Background 130 Getting the most out of your OHS Committees This module will introduce the concept of how efficient committees function. 131 Participate in the implementation and monitoring of a program for the provision of personal protective equipment (PPE), clothing, devices, or materials, and if No Policy Committee, participate in the development of the program Ensure records are kept Assist the employer in investigating and assessing the exposure of employees to hazardous substances Inspect the work place, at least least once a year Participate in the development of Health and Safety Programs (if there is no Policy Committee) 133 Getting the most out of Workplace H&S Committees Key functions of WOHS committees Meet regularly Inspect workplace Investigate accidents Develop guidelines and procedures Seek information from workers Analyse information Aks for further information Make H&S recommendations to employer Intervene ICRP Follow-up 134 Co-Chairpersons Help establish and formalize the Committee mandate Establish the Calendar of Meetings Chair Meetings Keeping on track with agenda Delegate Responsibilities Ensure the Committee respects its obligations Ensure that appropriate follow-up measures are taken 135 Sample Agenda Agenda: Date Time Location Name of Co-Chairs, Members, Secreatary Previous Minutes Inspections Reports Hazardous Occurrence Reports Policies, Procedures, Guidelines – new or revised Training New Business Next Meeting 136 Type of Issues Information Hazardours Substances Inventory Hazardours Situations Right to Refuse Dangerous Work Internal Complaint Resoultion Process Workers Compensation Analysis Report Sanitary Reports Inspections – Participation Plans for the introduction of changes 137 138 CULTURE Culture Changing Behaviour Hear an idea: 10% Consciously decide: 25% Decide when you will do it: 40% Plan how you will do it: 50% Commit to someone else: 65% Have a specific appointment and report whether you have done it: 95% Franklin Covey Company – Dr. Nancy Moore 139 Sources of Conflict Facts: differentiate between perception, knowledge, interpretation Methods: how to achieve objectives Goals: what is it each side trying to achieve Values: principles and motivation 140 Handling a Conflict Competing: power oriented excellent mean to become enemies Accommodating: individual neglects his concerns to satisfy the concerns of another group. Useful when other point of view is superior 141 Handling a Conflict Compromising: mutually acceptable solution; often a middle ground position; practical but all parties give up something Avoiding: usually a useless tactic; can be use as a temporary measure (emotions) 142 Handling a Conflict Collaborating: collaboration and commitment to resolve differences. It means digging into an issue to identify all concerns and to find alternatives which meets both side’s needs. Trying to find a creative solution to deep-seated differences of opinion on goals, values, procedures or roles. It settles the issue. 143 Legislated Problem Solving Approach CONSENSUS Collect Facts Determine Problems Determine Causes Determine Solutions Retain One Solution Develop Action Plan Follow-up 144 Decision Making Individual Decision: The supervisor makes the decision and others who are involved in the issue are expected to abide by the decision Minority Decision: A few of those involved meet to consider the issue and they make a decision which is binding for all concerned 145 Decision Making Majority Decision: More than half of those involved in an issue make a decision that is binding for all concerned Consensus Decision: Each member of a group expresses a view and a decision is made to which all can commit themselves at least partly Unanimous Decision: each member fully agrees on the decision 146 Meeting Review Did we achieve what matters most What could have been done better How did we establish and maintain focus Did we use effective meeting methods How could we improve Were the right people at the meeting Are there clear actions items or next steps to take Accountability: what reputation do you want your committee meetings to have? 147 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient An Action Plan based on Strategic Thinking Planned in advance Flexible Takes people’s experiences into account Requires a commitment from people Realistic Maintains interest Must have substance 148 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient Elaboration of a strategy 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Set a goal Identify pertinent actitivities Identify human resources available an required Identify material resources available Distribute tasks and responsibilities Put in place a communications system as well as a decision making process Set timelines Evaluate and report 149 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient What does an OHS Activist do? 150 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient What does an OHS Activist do? 151 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient The Activist: Represents members Pushes for problems to be solved Looks for problems (hazards or symptoms) Take complaints and questions and gets answers Organise workers when there is a common problem Caucus with other union members Liaise with other H&S Activists Connects the causes of injuries and illnesses to workplace conditions that need fixing Encourages members to file complaints, use their rights 152 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient The Activist: Learns about OHS issues important to the local Knows the demography of the workplace Reports to membership regularly Makes recommendations about OHS bargaining issues Keeps records Organises information and training sessions or do other awareness-building activities 153 Making Workplace OHS Committee Efficient So: Learn about H&S Show up for all meetings Act! Do not just react Talk to members Talk to the union Talk to our allies in the labour movement Educate and mobilize Delegate Do not back down 154 Workshop - G 1- What are the barriers which limit your influence on OHS decisions in your workplace? 2- What tools do you have to influence health and safety decisions in your workplace? 3- Which role can the Union and the Employer OHS Committee Representatives assume to improve OHS in the workplace. Do they play opponent, complementary or equal roles as OHS committee members? 155 Be ready to report back to the group Workshop - H Regroup participants in small groups, ask each group to identify a reporter Develop three objectives for your OSH workplace committee. They must be precise, realistic, and measurable (objectives, planned results, timelines and resources). They must be attained by the end of the next fiscal year. Use action verbs and identify challenges we may encounter. Identify a body within the organization where the plan developed will be presented and where the committee will report back on the challenges which lead to attaining (or not) the objectives. 156 Debrief Challenge I Each committee should develop three objectives, they must be precise, realistic, and measurable and they must be attained at the end of the year. Use action verbs, identify planned results and explain challenges which you may encounter Identify a body within the organization where the plan developed will be presented and where the committee will report back on the challenges which lead to attaining (or not) the objectives. 157 ? Thank you! 158