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KIVI Seminar “Energie voor Verandering” 16 april 2014
Dr. Ir. Koen Broess
SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER
17-4-2014
ENERGY
Uniting DNV, KEMA, GL Garrad Hassan, GL Renewables Certification
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The DNV GL Group
DNV GL Group
Headquarter: Oslo, Norway
Maritime
 Headquartered in
Hamburg, Germany
 5,600 employees
 80 countries
Oil & Gas
 Headquartered in
Høvik, Norway
 5,800 employees
 30 countries
Energy
 Headquartered in
Arnhem,
Netherlands
 3,100 employees
 30 countries
Business Assurance
 Headquartered in
Milan, Italy
 2,000 employees
 50 countries
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A global service portfolio
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Policy Production
Transmission &
Distribution
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Use
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New Energy Technologies - the business of creating opportunities
Electricity storage
• Batteries, flywheels, PHS, CAES
• Testing laboratories
• Strategy development
• Demonstrations
Electric mobility
• Charging infrastructure
• Batteries
• V2G
• Second life
Solar PV
• Due Diligence (EI, OE, M&A)
• Storage combination
• Collective purchasing
• Technology Development
DNV GL Capabilities
Technological feasibility
New
Energy
Technologies
Joint Innovation – New Technologies
• Collaboration projects
• TAR
• Smart grid tech
• Geothermal
• µCHP, heat pumps, ..
Carbon Capture
• Membrane separation
• Test facilities
• Modelling
• Demonstrations
Commercial feasibility
Research institutes
& universities
Advanced Materials
• Power Cable investigation
• Failure investigation
• Research labs
• Polymers
• Long term behaviour
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The age of renewables and the impact on the grid
Source: IEA
Simulated German load curves on a winter workday 2012 (left), sunny spring workday (middle) and a sunny spring weekend (right)
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Three parallel trends in European power sector
 Decentralization : large amounts of distributed generation (DG), new entrants in the energy market (often SMEs); new ways of cooperation; participating end-users
 Europeanization : mergers and acquisitions; power plants at remote distance from load centers; cross-border power flows
 Requirement to have an affordable, reliable and sustainable grid
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Wind power in Denmark: 30% of gross power consumption in
2013; 2020 they plan to cover 50% of gross power consumption
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* Over 90 hours where wind production was more than all of Denmark’s need, peaking at
122% on October 28
Source: Energinet.dk
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The Electricity challenges of 21 st century can be countered by various solutions,….
Keeping up with a changing energy world:
Conventional:
Less income due to decrease in production
T&D Grid:
Balancing supply & demand without outage
Solar & Wind:
Intermittent production
Electricity demand:
Increased share in energy mix
- Heating (HP, CHP)
- Mobility (EV, PHEV)
CHALLENGE:
FLEXIBILITY! regulation capacity for mismatch between production and demand
• Increase plant regulation
• Strengthening grid
• Demand side response
• Storage
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Electricity Storage
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Energy Storage
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Matching storage technologies with various applications
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12 Source: SBC Energy Institute, EPRI (2010), Bradbury (2010)
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The Kinext storage system http://www.s4-energy.com/index.php
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Compressed air energy storage
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The energy Island
Characteristics:
 Artificial island in North Sea, 15 km from the coast, size of 10x6 km 2 , water depth of sub surface inner lake is -32 to -40 m
 Storage capacity of 20 GWh, able to provide about 1.500 MW
 Enabler for other functionalities, e.g. 300-500 MW wind turbines, marina for maintenance offshore wind farms, other harbour facilities, substation, aquatic biomass, tourism, nature, agriculture, fish farming
2BCYCLED | Reuse of cheap Electric Vehicle Batteries for storage of solar energy.
Battery
Reuse for local electricity storage
E-storage demand
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Profiles: household profile
 Example of a household weekly demand profile in the four seasons
 Winter day peak higher than summer day peak
Weekly basic electricity demand of house B in different seasons
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
P [kW]
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0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Monday
Tuesday
Wed nesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Time
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Profiles: Solar-PV generation
 PV generation: 2012: 140 W p
/m 2 power(kW)
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Monday of 4 m 2
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
Tuesday
Wednesday
Friday
Sa turday
Sunday
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2BCYCLED | An End of Life Question?
Used Batteries
Recycle
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Refurbish for high value Grid Applications
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2BCYCLED | Objectives of the project
 Demonstration second life usage of used batteries at 10 households with solar panels
 Offering solutions for end of life EVbatteries
 Boosting grid connected Renewable
Energy by providing cheap energy storage technology
 Refurbishing of batteries, prepare for reuse
 Protocol development on “State of
Health determination of used batteries” and battery aging tests
 Businesscase scenario’s
 Determine environmental impact
Second Life (LCA)
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2BCYCLED | Battery service life
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Energy Storage – Stelling 1
 De zorg voor energieopslag ligt bij de netbedrijven, en het gebruik bij de markt
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Energy Storage – NorNed cable
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NorNed cable (HVDC ± 450 kV) – in use 06 05 2008
Investment from TenneT & Stattnet -> auction of capacity to commercial partners
Electricty grid and storage needs
International connections
Transmission grid large scale production large scale RES
220 / 380 kV
Interregional transport
TSO
110 / 150 kV
Regional transport industry bio fermitation combined heat power
10 / 50 kV regional transport
DSO medium voltage distribution grid
Railway marine business wind park
400/ 230 V
Low voltage consumer industry
Local RES
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Electricty grid and storage needs
International connections
Pumped
Hydro Secondary reserve
Transmission grid large scale production
Wind
(grid support) large scale RES
Primary
Reserve UPS
220 / 380 kV
Interregional transport
TSO
110 / 150 kV
Regional transport industry distribution grid
Marine
- Large vessels
CES (island) bio fermitation
10 / 50 kV regional transport
DSO medium voltage business combined heat power
Wind wind park
(grid support)
Railway
Railway
Grid support
Utility vehicles
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HEMS + PV consumer industry
400/ 230 V
Low voltage
Local RES e-bike
+ PV
Energy Storage – Stelling 1 (lokaal niveau)
Probleem: Netbeheerder mag wettelijk niet aan opslag doen i.v.m. het verstoren van de markt
Echter netbeheerder is wel verantwoordelijk voor de stabiliteit van het Net
Problemen met opslag door commerciële partijen op lokaal niveau:
 Snel veranderende omstandigheden (nieuwe huizen, meer zonnepanelen) -> Steeds nieuwe en andere locaties van opslag noodzakelijk
 Conflict van interesses tussen netbeheerder en commerciële partij -> net ondersteuning voor stabiliteit vs handel
 Opslag is vaak uitstel van investeringen in het net -> Business case is misschien voor netbeheerder positief, maar lijkt voor commerciële partijen op dit moment nog te marginaal
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Energy Storage – Stelling 1
 De zorg voor energieopslag ligt bij de netbedrijven, en het gebruik bij de markt
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Energy Storage – Stelling 2
 Regels en maatregelen van de overheid houden de opslag van energie tegen
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Energy Storage – Stelling 2
Discussion on the Energy Storage World forum (London 1-4 April 2014)
TERNA, Italy’s TSO is “exploring” tens of MWs of NaS and a few other storage technologies to do both time shifting and frequency regulation. When they were questioned “how dare you, it is against the rules?” , the response was “This is the right thing to do and rules have to change to accommodate this”. Later in a panel discussion, Italy’s deputy director of Infrastructure Regulatory Division answered the same question “We allowed the TSO to experiment with storage as it is a necessary thing to do”.
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2BCycled | Self consumption
11 december 2013
DEN HAAG (Energeia) - Het is goed denkbaar dat salderen achter de meter en de korting op de energiebelasting voor collectieve energieopwekking rond 2020 "in elkaar schuiven". Concreet zou dat betekenen dat voor achter de meter opgewekte groene stroom die niet direct wordt verbruikt, alleen nog een belastingkorting zal gelden die even hoog is als de belastingkorting van 7,5 cent voor groene stroom die door burgercollectieven wordt geproduceerd.
Dat zei minister Henk Kamp (Economische Zaken) dinsdag in de Eerste Kamer, waar hij vragen beantwoordde over een aantal wetswijzigingen in de Gas- en Elektriciteitswet.
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Energy Storage – Stelling 2
 Regels en maatregelen van de overheid houden de opslag van energie tegen
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Koen Broess
Koen.broess@dnvgl.com
+31 26 356 62 90 www.dnvgl.com
SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER
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