Computer Security Risks
Definición:
• Un riesgo de seguridad en
computadoras es cualquier evento o
acción que pueda causar pérdida o daño
al hardware, software, datos, información,
o capacidad de procesamiento.
Computer crime
• Cualquier acto ilegal que envuelva el uso
de un sistema computadorizado
• Cybercrime
se refiere a actos ilegales llevados a cabo
en linea o a través del internet
Cybercrime
• Hacker
• Cracker
• Corporate spy
• Unethical employees
• Cyberextortionist
• Cyberterrorist
Internet & Network attacks
• Online security service – web site donde
se evalua el computador para verificar la
vulnerabilidad de este para Internet o
e-mails
Malware (malicious software)
• Computer virus
• Worms
• Trojan horse
• Back doors
• spyware
Safeguards
• Firewalls
• Intrusion Detection
Software
• honeypots
Unauthorized Access and Use
(Safeguards)
• Identifying and
Authenticating Users
* user names &
passwords
* possessed objects
* biometric devices
Hardware Theft (safeguards)
• Cables that lock the
equipment to a desk
Software Theft
• Steals software media
• Intentionally erases programs
• Illegally copies
Software Theft (safeguards)
• License agreement
• Character identification number
Information Theft (safeguards)
• Encryption
Name
Method
Plaintext
Ciphertext
Transposition
Switch the order of
characters
SOFTWARE
OSTFAWER
Expansion
Insert characters
between existing
characters
USER
UYSYEYRY
Substitution
Replace characters with
other characters
INFORMATION
WLDIMXQUWIL
Compaction
Remove characters and
store elsewhere
ACTIVATION
ACIVTIN
Information Theft (safeguards)
• Digital certificates
• Digital signature
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
• Secure HTTP (S-HTTP)
System Failure
• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
• Backup
Wireless Security
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Firewalls
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
802.11i network
Computer Ethics
• Guias morales que dirigen el uso de
computadoras y de sistemas de información.
• Areas de discusión:
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Uso no autorizado de computadoras y networks
Piratería de software
Derechos de propiedad intelectual
Códigos de conducta
Privacidad de la información
Presición de la información
Issue
1) A company requires employees to wear badges that track their whereabouts while at work.
2) A supervisor reads an employee’s e-mail.
3) An employee uses his computer at work to send e-mail messages to a friend.
4) An employee sends an e-mail message to several coworkers and blind copies his supervisor.
5) An employee forwards an e-mail message to a third party without permission from the sender.
6) An employee uses her computer at work to complete a homework assigment for school.
7) The vice president of your Student Government Association (SGA) downloads a photograph from the web and
uses it in a flier recruiting SGA members.
8) A student copies text from the web and uses it in a research paper for his English Composition class.
9) An employee sends political campaign material to individuals on her employer’s mailing list.
10) As an employee in the registration office, you have access to student grades. You look up grades for your
friends, so they do not have to wait for delivery of grades reports from the postal service.
11) An employee makes a copy of software and install it on her home computer. No one uses her home computer
while she is at work, and she uses her home computer only to finish projects from work.
12) An employee who has been laid off install a computer virus on his employer’s computer.
13) A person designing a web page finds one on the web similar to his requirements, copies it, modifies it, and
published it as his own web page.
14) A student researches using only the web to write a report.
15) In a society in which all transactions occur online (a cashless society), the government tracks every
transaction you make and automatically deducts taxes from your bank account.
16) Someone copies a well-known novel to the web and encourages others to read it.
Ethical
Unethical
Information Technology Code of Conduct
1) Computers may not be used to harm other people.
2) Employees may not interfere with others’ computer work.
3) Employees may not meddle in others’ computer files.
4) Computers may not be used to steal.
5) Computers may not be used to bear false witness.
6) Employees may not copy or use software illegally.
7) Employees may not use others’ computer resources without
authorization.
8) Employees may not use others’ intellectual property as their own.
9) Employees shall consider the social impact of programs and
systems they design.
10) Employees always should use computers in a way that
demonstrates consideration and respect for fellows humans.
Intellectual Property Rights
• Are the rights to which creators are
entitled for their work.
• Copyright
gives authors and artist exclusive rights to
duplicate, publish, and sell their materials.
Information Privacy
• The right of individuals and companies to
deny or restrict the collection and use of
information about them.
Techniques that companies and employers use to collect
personal data
• Electronic Profiles
• Cookies
• Spyware and Adware
• Spam
• Phishing
Social Engineering
• Is defined as gaining unauthorized access
or obtaining confidential information by
taking advantage of the trusting human
nature of some victims.
Health Concerns of Computer Use
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Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
Computer vision syndrome (CVS)
Ergonomics and Workplace Design
Computer Addition
Green computing
Green Computing Suggestions
• Use computers and devices that comply with the
ENERGY STAR program.
• Do not leave the computer running overnight
• Turn off the monitor, printer, and other devices when not
in use.
• Use paperless methods to communicate.
• Recycle paper.
• Buy recycled paper.
• Recycle toner cartridges.
• Recycle old computers and printers.
• Telecommute (save gas).